| • Hepla (`hê.pla) = (no phonetic value)
• Bels (`bêls) b = (b) • Def (`dêf) d = (d) • Vun (`vun) v = (v) • Gûf (`gef) g = (g) • Jodh (`dzhodh) j = (dzh) • Leimt (`lêimpt) l = (l) • Muno (`mu.no) m = (m) • Rohei (`ro.hêi) r = (r) • Nekh (`nêkh) n = (n) • Zovi (`zo.vi) z = (z) • Winao (`wi.naû) w = (w) • Yetu (`jê.tu) y = (j) • Zhë (`zhê~) zh = (zh) • Jhiak (`zhiq.ak) jh = (zh) • Dhem (`dhêm) dh = (dh) • Posö (`po.sø) p = (p) • Teg (`têg) t = (t) • Foib (`fôib) f = (f) • Kelp (`kêlp) k = (k) • Cîm (`tshîm) c = (tsh) • Hoti (`ho.ti) h = (h) • Sovu (`so.vu) s = (s) • Whîpf (`whîpf) wh = (wh) • Thai (`thai) th = (th) • Shivei (`shi.vêi) sh = (sh) • Hso (`hso) hs = (hs) • Sfed (`sfêd) sf = (sf) • Fsup (`fsup) fs = (fs) • Spaij (`spaidzh) sp = (sp) • Psend (`psênd) ps = (ps) • Stink (`stin.ë<k) st = (st) • Tsufîl (`t[thu.fîl) ts = (t[th) • Skij (`skidzh) sk = (sk) • Xubîn (`ksu.bîn) x = (ks) • Smart (`smart) sm = (sm-, -s’) • Dzuvao (`d[dhu.vaû) dz = (d[dh) • Rhaob (`rhaûb) rh = (rh) • Khas (`khas) kh = (kh) • Ggedos (`ghê.dos) gg = (gh) • Pfine (`pfi.nê) pf = (pf) • Bvën (`bvê~n) bv = (bv) • Ngîl (`ngîl) ng = (ng) • Njos (`nzhos) nj = (nzh) • Abei (`a.bêi) a = (a) • Eidi (`êi.di) ei = (êi) • Ivo (`i.vo) i = (i) • Ogu (`o.gu) o = (o) • Ujoi (`u.dzhôi) u = (u) • Oilao (`ôiq.ô<l,laû) oi = (ôi) • Aomö (`aû.mø) ao = (aû) • Öra (`ørh.rha) ö = (ø) • Ãnte (`a~n.tê) ã = (a~, æ~, æ) • Eeis (`êq.êis) e = (ê) • Üdso (`ûdh.zo) ü = (û) • Îlfen (`îl.fên) î = (î) • Ûthi (`e.thi) û = (e) • Õmei (`o~.mêi) õ = (o~) • Ëndoi (`ê~n.dôi) ë = (ê~) • Weidîsu (`wêi.dî.su) w = (w) • Yeidîsu (`jêi.dî.su) y = (j) |
| Phonemes |
| Alphabet |
| Consonants |
| Bilabial |
| Dental |
| Libiodental |
| Alveolar |
| Postalveolar |
| Palatal |
| Velar |
| Lateral Apporximant |
| Stop |
| Nasal |
| Tap |
| Fricative |
| Apporximant |
| p b |
| m |
| f v |
| Glottal |
| t[* d[* |
| n[* |
| t d |
| n |
| rh |
| s z |
| r |
| l |
| th dh |
| sh zh |
| hs |
| j |
| k g |
| ng |
| kh gh |
| q* |
| h |
| The Norhasulao language has thirty-two consonants, and twenty vowels. |
| *not found in the alphabet existent only in diphthongs or as separators.
Note: Consonants on the left are voiceless, the ones on the right voiced. |
| Other Consonants |
| • Voiceless labial-velar fricative wh
• Voiced labial-velar approximant w • Voiceless alveolar fricative ejective s’ |
| Vowels |
| Back |
| Central |
| Front |
| Open |
| Open-Mid |
| Close-mid |
| Close |
| i y* |
| ë* |
| e |
| ï* ü* |
| î |
| û |
| u |
| o |
| ô** |
| a |
| æ |
| ê ø |
| ee** |
| *not existent in the alphabet only used for separation and syllabics
**common as a primary pronunciation of “ë” in other dialects • Note1: vowels on the left are un-rounded; those on the right are rounded. • Note2: the vowels "y," "ë," "ï," and "ü" are always very short and are understood phonetically as such. The symbol “<” always follows each of these • Note: the vowels "ô" and "e" are sometimes very short and are represented phonetically like: "ô<" and "e<." |
| Diacritics and Symbols Note: the following are found pretaining to pronuciation of words usually only in dictionaries Primary Stress: ` Secondary Stress: `` Hard Break: . Soft Break: , Nasalize: ~ Dentalize: [ Very Short: < |