THE FOUNDING OF THE THUKLAI (FORT WHITE) HIGH SCHOOL BY THE SIYINS
(By Ambassador Dr. Vum Ko Hau of Siyin Valley)

-PH.DR  CUMLAUDE, FRAI (LIFE); FRGS(LIFE),.FRNS(LONDON)
-International Cultural Diploma of Honor (ABI) 1995,
-"Selected on the basis of FREEDOM  FIGHTER.' DIPLOMAT:
POLITICIAN:NATIONALIST LEADER:"
LIFETIME DEPUTY GOVERNOR (A.B.I.R.A)
-The Courageous Organiser and Leader of the Siyin Independence  Army Mountbatten of Burma"
-Naing-Ngant Gon-Yi (First Degree).
-Ministerial Delegate, Anglo-Burma Independence(Nu-Attlee Treaty)
10 Downing St. London 1947.
-Chin executive Counsellor; Dy. Counsellor to last British Governor of Burma
1947-48 vide Panglong Agreement,'
-Co-founder, Co-President, SCOUHP,' Chairman, Commander of Chin Leader
-Freedom  League and BIA/BDA under General Yanagida and Sato
I944 TIDDIM
-Delegate VJDay London.



When the Japanese Imperial army succeeded in occupying the whole of British Burma all schools were closed.
Within a few years the SIYINS who were always eager for education decided to open an Anglo-Vernacular High School. All the Siyin people concerned viz Chiefs, Headmen, elders pensioners, government servants, men and women decided to open a High School for the Siyins and began colle9ting materials for the building, and teachers from schools volunteered to work for the new High School for their own Siyin People voluntarily without taking regular salary. Thus they became Associate founding members of the high School itself
During the British administration one petition was submitted by a group of Siyin Headmasters to introduce the teaching of Burmese in schools. But the Dy. Commissioner I~. B. Naylor took the petition and tore it in pieces and threw it away.
There were three middle schools at first in the Chin Hills namely at Falam, Haka and Tiddim. The Haka school was closed down due to lack of students. The Tiddim school was already reduced to a sixth standard school and was about to be converted to an agricultural school. Only the Falam school remained as a middle school up to the seventh standard.
Tile British administrators expected that it would be sufficient to send about half a dozen boys to High Schools in Burma. Sons of chiefs and headmen to become pro-British administrator. Hence there was no chance of British Burma Government to give permission to open a high school for the Siyins.
For sometime I had served as Chairman of Chin Leaders Freedom League in Tiddim under the high command of Lieu-Den. Motozo Yanagida, Comdr Yumi 33 Div Fort White-Tiddim-Imphal Front and later under Lieut-Gen. Kotoku SATO, Fort white, Chin Hills, Kohima Comdr Retsu Div 31. As chairman I was given formal separate interviews. They both strongly suggested that we should not be satisfied remaining under colonialists.
In due course my Siyin brothers and sisters asked me to obtain formal permission to open a High School at Thuklai for our children who had no schools for their education as all had been closed down due to war.
We had done our best to serve the Japanese Imperial army as required by die Geneva Convention during an enemy occupation (which was secretly shown to me just before the Japanese arrival in Falam).
"The respect for birth
The knowledge of Pedigree
The duty of revenge
The value to hospitality
The Clannish feeling
The suddenness of their raids
"Siyin" by Encyclopedia Britannica, Page 216
Thuklai High School is not an ordinary academic School. It is the Siyin People's first national patriotic co-
education high school.
As rightly recorded by the World famous "Encyclopedia Britannica" the Siyins from time immemorial have respect for birth, have knowledge of pedigree of one's own household and corn-pose autobiographical songs by all-important persons. Thus their biography was handed down the ages before writing was known locally.
For instance my great great grandfather Pu Phut Thuam Lunmun, reputed to be one of the two greatest owners of slaves and feudal lord had eight autobiographical songs to his credit.
One of them recorded the assistance given to the Sukte Chiefs and tribe when the latter were about to be overrun by teh Falams (Tashons):
"Sukte vangkhua do in suah eh,
Phung taw kop ah
Ngamzang ngitbang hung ing nge;
Lal hen ngeal ting, Khuam mual suah tu,
Suktui tong tiam nan ngei-ing nge
"Sukte villages were overcome by their Falam enemy with co-operation with Clansmen I fend them off like sparrows in fields."
"Enough captives worth celebrating at Memorial Gate I handed them over to allies for their celebrations."
"THE SIYIN CHINS ARE THE MOST HIGhLY CIVILISED OF THE GROUPS" BURMA HAND BOOK, SIMLA 1944 Pg2l.

EACH ONE OF YOU TAKE A STONE ON
YOUR SHOULDER: THESE STONES
WILL BEMINDS THE PEOPLE OF WHAT
THE LORD HAS DONE, IN THE FUTURE,
WHEN YOUR CHILDREN AS WHAT
THESE ATONES MEAN TO YOU, YOU
WILL TELL THEM THESE STONES WILL
ALWAYS  REMIND THE PEOPLE OF
WHAT HAPPENED HERE"
JOSHUA IV: 6-7B.
THE HERITAGE OF THE PAST IS THE
SEED WHICH BRNGS FORTH THE
HARVEST OF THE FUTURE:

-Archives Building, Washington DC USA 
"ENCOUNTER WITH SIYINS. MOST DIEFICULT ENEMY TO SEE OR HIT I EVER
FOUGHT' - Major Gen., later Field Marshal
Sir. George white of Fort white (THUKLAI)
Victoria cross, VC., O.M,. CCB.


See page 143 "Burmese Struggle against British Imperialism 1885-1898 "By
NI NI MYINT Yangon University 1983.


In 1943 the Japanese Imperial army succeeded in occupying the Siyin Valley with Fort white (Thuklai) in March they occupied TIDDIM which was the Headquarters on the British Chin Hills administration. The British withdrew from Tiddim the headquarters of 17 Indian Division, under the command of Lt-Gen Tennant-Cowan. The last British District Commissioner Col. N.W. Kelly; OBE, BA (Hons) Cantab also withdrew to India and I returned to the Siyin Valley together with all the Siyin "A" Levies and other civilian govt. officers.
In mc Siyin Valley we had to report to the local Japanese cooperation commissioner Mr. Imamura at Thuklai Fo White. On behalf of the Japanese Emperor Hirohito he gave amnesty to the Siyins who served in the British administration and the Siyin Chin. "A" Levies.
He chose some officers and men to serve in the newly established Chin Defense Army on the lines of the Burma Defense Army to defend and administer Japanese occupied Indian territories on eastern India regions. I had to give a lengthy report about the 17' Indian Division.
I shall deal briefly with the Siyin Valley private national high school and Chin Defence Army formed under the supreme command of the local Japanese authorities.
The two senior Japanese military Co-operation commissioners namely Lt. Masada and Mr Imamura questioned me. They asked which Japanese leaders I knew I said I just know the of Emperor Hirohito and Prime mIn1~tei names Gen. Tojo. But the best Japanese person I knew was Dr. Toyohigo Kagawa the Japanese Christian leader who looked after the social and religious welfare of thousands of Japanese boys and girls who were homeless and destitute. I knew about him so much from my pastor father and from newspaper articles including the Readers Digest, the Herald, and other Christian Magazines.
Toyohiko Kagawa was a social reformer and evangelist. He said that creeds and rituals are nothing if Christian does not live up to Christ, challenge to love and serve those who are destitute, and homeless. Our forefathers looked after so many destitute and hungry people that they became feudal lords of so many including people from present day India.
I went on talking about Dr., Toyihiko Kagawa at length because it appeared that Mr Imamura was really interested in what I said because he already knew that I was a senior Siyin Chin resistance officer before.
After a long time Mr, Imamura said that he also knew the name of Christian social works of Tojohiko Kagawa although he was not a Christian. He said that I knew quite a lot about the Japanese social leader and social and religious position in Japan more than any other persons they have met in Burma and the Chin Hills.
He then invited me to accompany him to Tiddim where he intended to recommend me 10 the senior Japanese officers and Imperial army commanders.
Tiddim which became the headquarters of the Japanese Imperial army to invade India with a programme of occupying New Delhi by June 30,1944.

A few months the occupation of Thuklai (Fort white) and the Siyin Valley by the Japanese Imperial Army it was found that boys and girls had no place to go for their education as all schools had closed. Tiddim itself fell in March 1944 and Lt-Gen. Motozu Yanagida was in charge of the whole India Front. Having served under the British, I was first placed under surveillance by the Japanese authorities such as "Co-operation Commissioners, Lt. Masada and Mr. Imamura. I was interrogated for a day and among Japanese personalities whom I knew I mentioned that of Dr. Toyohiku Kagawa the most famous Japanese Evangelist and Social Reformer. They let me continue telling about him at length.

In due course the Japanese commanders told me that I was the only educated intellectual Chin Leader they have come across since their occupation of Tavoy.
They knew full well that I had served in different capacities as Senior Staff officer under Col. Stevenson, Col.Kelly and Brig. Naylor since the war, in the Chin Hills. I did also recite the relevant Geneva Convention about expected behavior under enemy occupation.
When I got to Tiddim, I was made Chairman of Chin Leaders Freedom League and ex. Officio Commander of BDA/CDA, which was to look after Japanese's occupied territory in the Burma and India regions.
I was officially introduced as Chairman Of the Chin Leaders Freedom League first to Lt Gen. Motozo YANAGIDA YUMI 33 Div FortWhite-Tiddim-Imphal and Lt. General Kotoku
SATO Comdr Retsu 31 Div fort white-Tiddim Imphal Div.
As Chairman and Chief Administrator of the Japanese occupied Burma and India border regions I did the best I could to serve the Japanese Imperial army to say the least.
In due course when I gained more confidence from the Japanese officers concerned I asked to be allowed to open a High School at Thuklai (Old Fort white) as there were a lot of boys and girls who needed education but all schools were closed by the British Government.

The Japanese authorities easily gave me permission to open the first High School in the Chin Hills during the Japanese occupation in 1944. Looking back I always consider that the only good thing that happened to us due to the Japanese occupation of the Chin Hills and Burma was the permission given to us by the Japanese Imperial Army under Emperor Hirohito to; open the SIVIN VALLEY HIGH SCHOOL At THUKLM (Old Fort white)

The actual situation of British administration before the War was    that they had closed the Haka Middle School due to lack of students, they had reduced the Tiddim Middle School was at Falam. The British authorities had forbidden the teaching of Burmese and the Burmese Language in all schools in Chin Hills due to their policy of divide et imp era
Hence most of the early Chin High School finalist students could not join the Rangoon University, as they had no chance to sit for the compulsory Burmese Language, which was prohibited in the Chin Hills, although they were usually very bright in other subjects.
The boys and girls got their English and Burmese education quite easily but the burden for parents was the contribution or tuition fees for the teachers. At first when the British began to reoccupy the district it was feared that they might take action for the opening of the High School during their absence. But things moved quickly and no such drastic action was taken.
But the main difficulty was the funding of teachers salaries and it was urgent that Government recognition should be obtaining as quickly as possible.
Fortunately Bogyoke Aung San went to London to meet with Prime Minister Mr. C.R. Attlee and signed the Aung San-Attlee Agreement whereby be was allowed to meet the Frontier Leaders at Panglong.
The Siyin councilors and the executive members of the Japanese time Chin Leaders Freedom League decided that I was Chairman-cum-Commander, should go down to meet Bogyoke Aung San who already become counselor for Defense to the Governor and he was the senior Commander of the BIA! BDA, and therefore also in charge of Defense Frontier subjects. I was given two main tasks namely to ask the freedom of all my BDA officers and soldiers who were given transportation for life for serving the 3apanese Government and causing deaths to many British officers and soldiers by Lt. Co de Glanville, sessions judge, Chin Hills The later refused to recognize the CDO officers and enlisted personal and but tried them as criminals and murderers.
Secondly, to request Bogyoke Aung San the take-over of the Siyin Valley National High School as Government High School, Thuklai (fort white), which was the first and the only High School in the. Chin Hills founded during the Japanese occupation in 1943. It was feared that the British might try to abolish it again if they were to stay longer Since the teachers had to be paid by parents and students it had been a tremendous strain for them.
On the ftrst day at Panglong I was invited to join the breakfast table of Bogyoke Aung San, and no Khin Mating Gale introduced me to him as an old school mate at Sagaing. I also mentioned that was the Chairman and Commander of Chin Leaders League under of my Chin BDA/ CDA officers and men who fought the British troops on the India border and now given life imprisonment by Sessions judge de Glanville. Bogyoke Aung San at once told me that they were his own BDA/ CDA officers and it was an honor for his own B as chief BDA/CDA commander and since he was Defense Counselor would take immediate action to release Burma BDA and also for the Japanese Emperor Hirohito for whom we all served in the general interests of Colonial Asia. I was at once gratified by his sincerity and patriotism.
Then I next mentioned about the Siyin National High School which we founded privately and secretly during absence of the British but during the presence of the new Japanese master in 1944.1 told him we had to pay teachers out of our own pockets which was a great burden already and requested him to take over as a Government High School. He said he would do so immediately and would show what he could do within two years, which the British had not done for over sixty years.
Next I also requested to open motor roads more High Schools, and hospitals etc., lie said lie would show those things by personal action. Only he requested for help was to ask for lull independence for all the frontier peoples as well. As the Burma independence provided that he would prom
ise to to develope the neglected frontier areas in education.
At Panglong I bad succeeded in meeting Bogyoke Aung San personally and managed to put in all the urgent requirements of the Chin people, especially those of my BDA/CDA Comrades-in arm who had just been given transportation for life jail sentences for serving the Japanese Imperial Army under Emperor Hirohito and fighting the Allied troops in India and Burma? Under the Geneva Convention, Chairman and Commander of the Chin Leaders Freedom League and the BDA/ CDA Burma Defense Army, Chin Hills Burma Defense army I had the responsibility for recruiting them for administering Japanese occupied British Burma and British India but when the Japanese Imperial army failed to capture Imphal Manipur by the King Emperor's birthday but in-stead they had to withdraw for lack of ammunition, food and petrol replenishments from Burma, coupled with the lack of Japanese air power.
From then on the BDA/ CDA Chin Defense army had to fight against Allied troops all along the Indian Burma frontiers. No Japanese troops were available td help the Chin Defense Army, in all areas West of Manipur River
Hence when the Allied troops overran the Chin Hills and northwest Burma these BDA/CDA officers and men who formed the main bulwalk against them were rounded up and were tortured.
Some of the CDA commanders were tried in India and some were tried after the Chin Hills fell by the sessions Lt-Col. S.de Glanville. I was the Chin Chairman who was responsible for forming the Chin Hills Defense army under the Japanese divisional commanders but sessions judge de Glanville never asked me to defend my own CDA officers and men whom he tried as murderers and not as enlisted soldiers by the Japanese Emperor Hirohito.

Bogyoke Aung San was delighted to hear the daring battles of his Chin BDMCDA officers and men against the Allied troops and promised that he would take action to release his own CDA officers and men forthwith as they were his own officers and men fighting for Emperor Hirohito against the colonialists and as Counselor for DC-fence and Frontier areas it was his duty to release his own CDA officers and men. In addition Bogyoke Aung San promised tat the CDA officers mid men of bravery against The Allied troops should appear in the annals of the Burma Army. They were Bo Ngaw Cin Pau, BSc and Bo Lua Cin, other leaders included Bo Lian Kim (Bo Nung Bil) BA son of Major Kap Song, MBE; Bo Lian Cin Thang, BA son of Chief Hau Cin Khup; Bo Thang Cin Hau; Bo Ngo Zam (later Lieut-Colonel); Bo Thang Za Hau; Bo Shiah Lwe, BA Bo Pum Za Kam (posthumous Thura) son of Subedar Major Ngin Zam, OB, BGM. Bo Suang Hau (Major, Bahtoo Myo); Bo Ngo Lian (Captain) Chief Bohmu Lian Thawng, ATM; Bo Mang Ko Nang, BA were being sent together with Japanese Cooperation commissioners Lieut Masada and Mr. Imamura to accompany the rearguard of Lieut-General Yanagida to India.
To go back to our topic, the Siyins were keen for education from the time the first Siyin rebel leaders against the British got their first education from central jail in Rangoon.

Thus Subedar Mang Pum was the first Burmese teacher who imparted his knowledge of the written Burmese language to his brothers and cousin in the Siyin valley The first American Baptist Mission then opened their first Mission School in Khuasak. Afterwards, the British Government opened some primary schools but from 1924 they prohibited the study of the Burmese language in all schools in the Chin Hills. It was their way to prevent Chin from speaking with their Burmese cousins in the letter language which was a way to prevent politics spreading into the Chin Hills, too. As already mentioned, in the year 1930 some Siyin intellectual people led by their headmasters namely Rev. Saya Za Khup. Saya U Thang Mang, Saya U Tuang Kho Mang, Saya U Tun Ngin, Saya U Thang Ngin appeared to the Deputy Commissioner Mr. L.B. Naylor of Falam for study of the Burmese language as it was necessary for their future life, etc.
L.B. Naylor refused it with insult and he imprisoned Saya U Tuang Kho Mang for six months. It was the end of a language educational era. Then the Siyins studied the Burmese language secretly again at The Thuklai Dak Bungalow under the tutorship of Saya Thuk Kam and Saya U Pum Kam. Many soldiers and officers in the Burma Army got their Burmese education from there. Hence the emergence of the Basic Education High School of Thuklai stage by stage. All the Siyin people concerned by ordinary men thus triumphantly established the Siyin High School and women; parents and teachers alter years of toil and tears.

Long lives the School