*Breen receives a postcard with the letters "u.p." written on it
*Cyclops is Joyce introducing us to a sense of style
*Giganticism - represented by lists and everything being bigger than life
*2 voices of narration - Citizen/Cyclops voice against Bloom/Jew and the voice of objective fact like the geneological lists in the Bible
*Bloom is the voice of love, effeminate view
*Polyphemous cigar that Bloom lights instead of having a drink represents ostracism and burning torch of Odysseuss
*The dog, Garryowen, is the sinister voice of isolationism
*Find a way to fight British occupation in a new way
*Irish nationalists are selling their own truth
*Hyperbole exaggeration for the sense of emphasis (exaggerate, inflate)
"Humor is often created by a sequence of things" - Northrop Frye
*encyclopedic - lots and lots of information, legalese
*Cyclops chapter features the Mockepic technique
*33 vastly different styles in the Cyclops chapter
*Philip Beaufoy - wrote the article in the paper and is confused with Mina Purefoy
*Nighttown is the redlight district of Dublin
*Stephen was in a fight between Oxen and Circe "Wild goose chase this"
*Ulysses is the book of the day, its language reflects consciousness
*Imagination is an act of personification, which is why the seagulls, the kisses, the bells, the Nymph all talk
*Bloom is storm-tossed like Odysseus in this chapter
*Nausicaa is represented by Gerty because she stays and "helps" Bloom
*Tumescense - swelling
*Detumescense - depression
*There is a lot of limp imagery that jumps into Bloom's head
*Body functions became popular with comedy and the metaphor of the Roman Candle (these images can be seen in movies of today like Caddyshack or American Pie)
*The cuckoo at the end of the chapter could be the sign of Bloom being a cuckold (his watch stopped at four o'clock) or it could be a reference to "Loves Labours Lost"
*Bloom writes I AM A in the sand with a stick - Jesus "I am the Alpha and Omega"
*Molly married Bloom because he was so foreign
*Bloom becomes a different man when he awakes
*The voyeurism in the chapter is reciprocal - male is direct, female, indirect
*Embryonic style: 9 months synonymous with 900 years of linguistic history
1. Benediction - written in Old Irish also where the hospital is (Holles Street)
2. Latin Structure - English words, old structure
3. Anglo-Saxon - introduction of Bloom, the hero
4. Thomas Malory - who wrote La Mort D'Arthur
5. Biblical Style - Early Church
6. Sir Thomas Browne/Authorized Version of the Bible
7. Old Romanticism - Blake references
8. Modern English
9. Future Pidgen - Joyce's own invention
*Helios - sun god who had cattle - sacred sign of fertility
*Dr. Horne - symbolic of the horns of the sacred cattle
*Nurses - daughters who look over and care for the cattle
*Hospital - similar to the island of Helios/pure white
*Buck Mulligan wants to start a fertility farm called Omphalos
*4 embryos - 2 human (Stephen and the actual baby), 2 quasi-human (god's word and the artist's word)
*Art is analagous to God's creation of the world
*Poesy - to create, poetry is derived from this
*Bloom resurrects Stephen/Rudy at the end of the chapter
*Bloom is turned into a pig by Circe/Bella but he remains faithful to Molly
*He falls in love with what he can never have like Gerty MacDowell
*There must be a sexual encounter in order to have an artistic creation?
*Separation/Initiation/Return marks the hero cycle - an upside down triangle
*catharsis - emptying out of anything and everything
*Everything you thought was real becomes a phantasmagoria
"It is never the worst when you can say this is the worst" - King Lear
"The worst returns to laughter" - King Lear
*masochists enjoy receiving pain while sadists enjoy giving pain
*Eleven year old Rudy is the final vision of the night
*The Story of the Dalliance of Ares is important in this chapter
