The Composition of Superalloys
     Superalloys are created with one metal as a base, either Nickle, Cobalt or Iron.  The base is what most of the alloy is made of, and it gives it alot of its characteristics.  However, many superalloys have metals in them that are as scarce as .5%, but still contribute something very useful to the alloy.  Much of the strength in superalloys lies in aligning the crystalization correctly.  When there is even a small inpurity in the crystalization it can drastically change the characteristics of the final product.  Superalloys generally have very complicated crystallization forms, and many uses require the product to be a single crystal, because this is much stronger, but harder to create.  This is done through a process called single crystal solidification.
Superalloys get their properties more from the these complex grain formations than from the specific metals that are used.  As the alloy cools the different metals solidify and crystalize at different rates and in different amounts, this alters the shape of the grains, and when heated to the right temperature, and cooled very slowly, it will create very complex crystals that help create very high tensil strength at high temperatures.
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