Thermometer:

Celsius/Centigrade
Fahrenheit
Kelvin
Rankine
Réaumur
Named after:

Anders Celsius
Gabriel Daniel Fahrenheit
William Thomson Kelvin
William John Macquorn Rankine
René Antoine Ferchault de Réaumur





Temperature
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Discovery
Here's a bit of information on the history of, of these temperatures.
Heritage

Swedish
German
English
Scottish
French
Life

November 27, 1701 (Uppsala, Sweden) - April 25, 1744 (Uppsala, Sweden)
May 14, 1686 (Danzig, Poland) - September 16, 1736 (The Hague, Netherlands)
June 26, 1824 (Belfast, Ireland) - December 17, 1907 (Netherhall, Ayrshire, Scotland)
July 2, 1820 (Edinburgh, Scotland) - December 24, 1872 (Glasgow, Scotland)
February 28, 1683 (La Rochelle) - October 17, 1757 (Saint-Julien-du-Terroux)