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2. Daggett, A. S. America in the China Relief Expedition. Kansas City MO: Hudson-Kimberly Pub. Co., 1903.

3. Esherick, Joseph. The Origins of the Boxer Uprising. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1987.

4. Purcell, Victor. The Boxer Uprising: A Background Study. Hamden CT: Archon Books, 1974.

5. Tan, Chester C. The Boxer Catastrophe. New York: Columbia University Press, 1955.