VERB
(Pandiwa)
Verbs have two types which are the action verbs (salitang galaw) and be-verbs (aka linking verbs).
I. ACTION VERBS (SALITANG GALAW)
TENSES
There are different tenses of the verb. These are the Past (Nagdaan), Present (Kasalukuyan), and Future (Hinaharap). In the Filipino language, changing the tenses of verbs is quite different. We use Affixes (Panlapi).PAST TENSE - In the past tense, there are several Affixes we need to attach to different kinds of verbs. Example of these Affixes are: nag-, um-, -um-, -in-, -an. Below are examples of verbs in the past tense.
almusal (breakfast) ~ nag-almusal [when using nag, hyphens are used when the verb starts with a vowel]
uwi (go home) ~ umuwi [um is placed before the verb]
kain (eat) ~ kumain [um is placed in the middle of the verb]
kuha (get) ~ kinuha [in is placed in the middle of the verb]
agaw (stole something from someone) ~ agawan [an is added at the end of the verb]
palakpak (clap) ~ pinalakpakan [in is inserted in the middle of the verb and an is added at the end]
uwi (go home) ~ nag-uwian [nag is added before the verb and an is added after the verb]
PRESENT TENSE - This is different. Like the past tense, we add those Affixes. Then, the first syllable of the verb's root word (salitang ugat) is repeated. Here are examples:
almusal ~ nag-aalmusal [nag is added and a which is the first syllable of the root word is repeated]
uwi ~ umuuwi
kain ~ kumakain
kuha ~ kinukuha
agaw ~ inaagawan [in this case, we need to affix in before the verb because it will be in future tense]
palakpak ~ pinapalakpakan
uwi ~ nag-uuwian [just like nag-aalmusal, the first syllble is repeated. Remember never to place the syllable --------------------------------- beside nag but after the hyphen]FUTURE TENSE - There is only one prefix used in this tense which is mag-. To change the verb into its future tense, add mag- before the verb and repeat the first syllable of the verb's root word. The hyphen rule also applies to the future tense. In some circumstances, mag- is not added but just the repitition of the first syllable. Now, let's proceed to the examples.
almusal ~ mag-aalmusal [mag is added and a which is the first syllable of the root word is repeated]
uwi ~ uuwi
kain ~ kakain
kuha ~ kukuha
agaw ~ aagawan
palakpak ~ papalakpakan
uwi ~ mag-uuwian [just like mag-aalmusal, the first syllble is repeated. Remember never to place the syllable --------------------------------- beside mag but after the hyphen]
II. LINKING/BE-VERBS
Actually, the tenses of the verbs help in determining when the action/event happened. So, the linking verb used for all tenses of verbs are the same. The linking verb is ay. Since we Filipino's use the Uncommon type of sentence, linking verbs are not much used (Please refer to Constructing Sentences by clicking it on the lower menu). To use ay, simply place it after the subject, before the predicate.
I hope you understood the examples and explanation. If you have not understood my explanation well or you want something added, feel free to e-mail me. Just click on "MAIL ME" at the upper menu.