5. רקע לשרת - לקוח

    $ telnet remotehostname 3490

    /*
    ** server.c -- a stream socket server demo
    */

    #include <stdio.h>
    #include <stdlib.h>
    #include <unistd.h>
    #include <errno.h>
    #include <string.h>
    #include <sys/types.h>
    #include <sys/socket.h>
    #include <netinet/in.h>
    #include <arpa/inet.h>
    #include <sys/wait.h>
    #include <signal.h>

    #define MYPORT 3490    // the port users will be connecting to

    #define BACKLOG 10     // how many pending connections queue will hold

    void sigchld_handler(int s)
    {
        while(wait(NULL) > 0);
    }

    int main(void)
    {
        int sockfd, new_fd;  // listen on sock_fd, new connection on new_fd
        struct sockaddr_in my_addr;    // my address information
        struct sockaddr_in their_addr; // connector's address information
        int sin_size;
        struct sigaction sa;
        int yes=1;

        if ((sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) == -1) {
            perror("socket");
            exit(1);
        }

        if (setsockopt(sockfd,SOL_SOCKET,SO_REUSEADDR,&yes,sizeof(int)) == -1) {
            perror("setsockopt");
            exit(1);
        }

        my_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;         // host byte order
        my_addr.sin_port = htons(MYPORT);     // short, network byte order
        my_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY; // automatically fill with my IP
        memset(&(my_addr.sin_zero), '\0', 8); // zero the rest of the struct

        if (bind(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&my_addr, sizeof(struct sockaddr))
                                                                       == -1) {
            perror("bind");
            exit(1);
        }

        if (listen(sockfd, BACKLOG) == -1) {
            perror("listen");
            exit(1);
        }

        sa.sa_handler = sigchld_handler; // reap all dead processes
        sigemptyset(&sa.sa_mask);
        sa.sa_flags = SA_RESTART;
        if (sigaction(SIGCHLD, &sa, NULL) == -1) {
            perror("sigaction");
            exit(1);
        }

        while(1) {  // main accept() loop
            sin_size = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
            if ((new_fd = accept(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&their_addr,
                                                           &sin_size)) == -1) {
                perror("accept");
                continue;
            }
            printf("server: got connection from %s\n",
                                               inet_ntoa(their_addr.sin_addr));
            if (!fork()) { // this is the child process
                close(sockfd); // child doesn't need the listener
                if (send(new_fd, "Hello, world!\n", 14, 0) == -1)
                    perror("send");
                close(new_fd);
                exit(0);
            }
            close(new_fd);  // parent doesn't need this
        }

        return 0;
    }

    /*
    ** client.c -- a stream socket client demo
    */

    #include <stdio.h>
    #include <stdlib.h>
    #include <unistd.h>
    #include <errno.h>
    #include <string.h>
    #include <netdb.h>
    #include <sys/types.h>
    #include <netinet/in.h>
    #include <sys/socket.h>

    #define PORT 3490 // the port client will be connecting to

    #define MAXDATASIZE 100 // max number of bytes we can get at once

    int main(int argc, char *argv[])
    {
        int sockfd, numbytes;
        char buf[MAXDATASIZE];
        struct hostent *he;
        struct sockaddr_in their_addr; // connector's address information

        if (argc != 2) {
            fprintf(stderr,"usage: client hostname\n");
            exit(1);
        }

        if ((he=gethostbyname(argv[1])) == NULL) {  // get the host info
            perror("gethostbyname");
            exit(1);
        }

        if ((sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) == -1) {
            perror("socket");
            exit(1);
        }

        their_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;    // host byte order
        their_addr.sin_port = htons(PORT);  // short, network byte order
        their_addr.sin_addr = *((struct in_addr *)he->h_addr);
        memset(&(their_addr.sin_zero), '\0', 8);  // zero the rest of the struct

        if (connect(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&their_addr,
                                              sizeof(struct sockaddr)) == -1) {
            perror("connect");
            exit(1);
        }

        if ((numbytes=recv(sockfd, buf, MAXDATASIZE-1, 0)) == -1) {
            perror("recv");
            exit(1);
        }

        buf[numbytes] = '\0';

        printf("Received: %s",buf);

        close(sockfd);

        return 0;
    }

    /*
    ** listener.c -- a datagram sockets "server" demo
    */

    #include <stdio.h>
    #include <stdlib.h>
    #include <unistd.h>
    #include <errno.h>
    #include <string.h>
    #include <sys/types.h>
    #include <sys/socket.h>
    #include <netinet/in.h>
    #include <arpa/inet.h>

    #define MYPORT 4950    // the port users will be connecting to

    #define MAXBUFLEN 100

    int main(void)
    {
        int sockfd;
        struct sockaddr_in my_addr;    // my address information
        struct sockaddr_in their_addr; // connector's address information
        int addr_len, numbytes;
        char buf[MAXBUFLEN];

        if ((sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0)) == -1) {
            perror("socket");
            exit(1);
        }

        my_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;         // host byte order
        my_addr.sin_port = htons(MYPORT);     // short, network byte order
        my_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY; // automatically fill with my IP
        memset(&(my_addr.sin_zero), '\0', 8); // zero the rest of the struct

        if (bind(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&my_addr,
                                              sizeof(struct sockaddr)) == -1) {
            perror("bind");
            exit(1);
        }

        addr_len = sizeof(struct sockaddr);
        if ((numbytes=recvfrom(sockfd,buf, MAXBUFLEN-1, 0,
                           (struct sockaddr *)&their_addr, &addr_len)) == -1) {
            perror("recvfrom");
            exit(1);
        }

        printf("got packet from %s\n",inet_ntoa(their_addr.sin_addr));
        printf("packet is %d bytes long\n",numbytes);
        buf[numbytes] = '\0';
        printf("packet contains \"%s\"\n",buf);

        close(sockfd);

        return 0;
    } 

    /*
    ** talker.c -- a datagram "client" demo
    */

    #include <stdio.h>
    #include <stdlib.h>
    #include <unistd.h>
    #include <errno.h>
    #include <string.h>
    #include <sys/types.h>
    #include <sys/socket.h>
    #include <netinet/in.h>
    #include <arpa/inet.h>
    #include <netdb.h>

    #define MYPORT 4950    // the port users will be connecting to

    int main(int argc, char *argv[])
    {
        int sockfd;
        struct sockaddr_in their_addr; // connector's address information
        struct hostent *he;
        int numbytes;

        if (argc != 3) {
            fprintf(stderr,"usage: talker hostname message\n");
            exit(1);
        }

        if ((he=gethostbyname(argv[1])) == NULL) {  // get the host info
            perror("gethostbyname");
            exit(1);
        }

        if ((sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0)) == -1) {
            perror("socket");
            exit(1);
        }

        their_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;     // host byte order
        their_addr.sin_port = htons(MYPORT); // short, network byte order
        their_addr.sin_addr = *((struct in_addr *)he->h_addr);
        memset(&(their_addr.sin_zero), '\0', 8); // zero the rest of the struct

        if ((numbytes=sendto(sockfd, argv[2], strlen(argv[2]), 0,
             (struct sockaddr *)&their_addr, sizeof(struct sockaddr))) == -1) {
            perror("sendto");
            exit(1);
        }

        printf("sent %d bytes to %s\n", numbytes,
                                               inet_ntoa(their_addr.sin_addr));

        close(sockfd);

        return 0;
    }