Chapter 2 Vocabulary

Accuracy- refers to the closeness of a measurement to the true or accepted value of the quantity measured

Calorie- equal to 4.84 J

Conversion Factor- a ration derived from the equality between two different units and can be used to convert from one unit to the other.

Degree Celsius- each is a unit of temperature on the Celsius scale

Density- a substance relates the mass of the substance to its volume, or its mass per unit volume

Derived Unit- a unit that can be obtained from combinations of fundamental units

Directly Proportional- two variables that to each other if dividing one by the other gives a constant value

Factor-label Method- a problem-solving method based upon treating units in calculations as if they are algebraic factors.

Fundamental Unit- a physical standard of measurement

Heat- can be thought of as the sum total of the kinetic energies of the particles in a sample of matter

Heat Capacity- the amount of heat energy needed to raise the temperature of a given sample of matter by one Celsius degree

Joule- the SI unit of heat energy and of all forms of energy

Kelvin- the unit of temperature on the Kelvin scale and is the fundamental SI unit for temperature

Kilogram- the SI standard unit for mass

Liter- (L) a volume equal to 1000 cm cubed

Meter- the SI standard unit for length

Precision- the agreement among the numerical values of a set of

measurements of the same quantity made in the same way

Second- SI standard unit for time

SI- the International System of Units, consists of seven basic units and other units derived from them

Significant Figures- a measurement consist of all digits known with certainty plus one final digit, which is uncertain or estimated

Specific Heat- the amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of 1g of a substance by one Celsius Degree

Standards of Measurement- objects or natural phenomena of constant value, easy to preserve and reproduce, and practical in size

Temperature- a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a sample of matter

Unit of Measurement- a physical quantity of a defined size.

Variable- a quantity that can change in value

Volume- the amount of space occupied by an object