A team from the International
Monetary Fund completed ______(1) to
The Argentine Economy Minister,
Jorge Remes Lenicov, said the government is seeking as much as
twenty-thousand-million dollars in new aid. He said Argentine officials would
negotiate with the I-M-F to re-structure the country's debt.
The International Monetary Fund was
created in part to deal with problems like this. In Nineteen-Forty-Five,
twenty-nine countries signed an agreement establishing the organization. They
promised to cooperate on international financial issues and to help expand
international trade.
The I-M-F also seeks to help countries
pay their debts when they are experiencing economic problems. In return,
governments usually must take action that the I-M-F thinks will help solve the
problems.
The I-M-F lends money under an
"arrangement." The arrangement states the conditions the country must
meet in order to receive the loan. Officials of the country and the I-M-F
develop the arrangement together. Then it is presented to the I-M-F Executive
Board. The Board represents the I-M-F's one-hundred-eighty-three member
countries.
If the Board approves the
arrangement, then the loan is released in a series of payments. I-M-F officials
periodically re-consider the loan. Loan payments continue as long as the
country honors the arrangement.
The I-M-F has created a number of loan
programs to deal with special situations among its members. The most common
loan program is called a Stand-By Arrangement. It is for countries experiencing
short-term debt problems. Payments usually are made for twelve to eighteen
months. Countries generally are expected to repay the loan within two to four
years.
The I-M-F has another program for poor
countries. The Poverty Reduction and Growth Facility permits
poor countries to borrow money at a very low rate of interest. All other I-M-F
programs have interest rates linked to the open market. The Poverty Reduction
and Growth Facility also gives countries as long as
ten years to re-pay loans.
Many people around the world oppose
the I-M-F. In recent years, thousands of demonstrators have protested outside
meetings of the I-M-F and similar organizations. Many of these activists say
I-M-F policies make industrial nations richer and developing nations poorer.
They also say the organization's activities result in damage to the
environment.
(Caty Weaver, VOA
Special English, In the News, 1. The missing phrase in (1) is 2. Write T
if the statement is True and F if the statement is False 3. Write T
if the statement is True and F if the statement
is False. 4. What
alternative does not correspond to
the text. 5. Many
people around the world oppose to the IMF because
a. ( ) a two-day visit
b. ( ) a two-days visit
c. ( ) two-days visit
d. ( ) two-day visit
e. ( ) two-days visits
a. ( ) According to the text, the
unemployment rate in
b. ( ) Argentina´s debt surpasses
one-hundred-forty-thousand-million dollars.
c. ( ) About 20,000
million dollars in new aid will be sent to
d. ( ) Argentina´s recession started
four years ago.
e. ( ) Argentine officials might need to
negotiate the country´s debt with the IMF.
a. ( ) One of IMF duties is to aid
countries pay their debts.
b. ( ) Any country can
receive a loan once it meets certain requirements made by the IMF.
c. ( ) The IMF and the country´s officials must
agree upon the loan conditions.
d. ( ) A great number of programs have
been created by the IMF to solve the countries´ financial problems.
e. ( ) Countries are expected to pay a
loan back in at least four years.
a. ( ) The IMF was created in 1945 with 29
members.
b. ( ) 183 countries are now represented by the
IMF Executive Board.
c. ( ) A loan is not released entirely and it is
periodically re-considered by the IMF officials.
d. ( ) If a country does not honor the arrangement
approved by the Board, the loan payments are discontinued.
e. ( ) The IMF program for poor countries allows
these countries to lend money at very low rates of interest.
a. ( ) IMF policies are said to benefit industrial
nations.
b. ( ) Poor nations are unable to re-pay their
debt in 10 years .
c. ( ) The organization´s
activities highly stimulate damages to the environment.
d. ( ) The IMF and the activists do not get along
well.
e. ( ) The IMF never takes demonstrators into
consideration.Gabarito Comentado
Questão 1. A alternativa correta é
a letra a. Veja que além de termos a necessidade do uso do artigo
indefinido a diante de substantivo contável, quando antepomos a um
substantivo uma locução de tempo, esta funciona como adjetivo e portanto é
invariável, ou seja, sem s.
Questão 2. As respostas são: F; T; F; T; F.
Analisemos as alternativas incorretas.
A alternativa a está incorreta, pois o texto não diz que há um aumento de 18% no índice de desemprego, mas sim que a Argentina tem um índice de desemprego de 18%.
A alternativa c está incorreta, pois não é o que o texto diz. A ajuda está sendo buscada e não é ainda fato consumado.
A alternativa e está incorreta, pois segundo o texto, a negociação com o IMF é para re-estruturar a dívida do país.
Questão 3. As respostas são: T; F; T; F; F
Analisemos as alternativas incorretas.
A alternativa b está incorreta, pois não é qualquer país que recebe ajuda do FMI, mas sim os países membros.
A alternativa d está incorreta, pois no texto não se fala em a great number of programs e sim a number of programs
A alternativa e está incorreta, pois a expressão at least in four years, invalida a questão.
Questão 4. A alternativa que não está de acordo com o texto é a e. Veja que nessa alterna-tiva temos o uso do verbo lend (emprestar) que é justamente o oposto de borrow (tomar emprestado).
Questão 5. A alternativa correta é
a letra a.
Vide a resposta relendo o último parágrafo do texto.