Acknowledgements
I had the opportunity of discussing the subject with many of my colleagues and students who provided me with many thought-provoking ideas. My former colleague Chinmay S Rathore and my pupils Manoj Sanwal, Satish D. Chidarwar, Mita Majumdar and Ramen Bharali deserve special mention.

I would like to express my deep sense of gratitude to Professor N.C.Saxena who was kind enough to edit an earlier version of the text.

The idea of preparing this m
onograph originated from Professor Norman Lee of EIA Centre, Manchester University, who wanted me to prepare material from my investigation avowals. This monograph sees the light of the day mainly due to Professor Gurdeep Singh's continual insistence but for which it would not have been completed by this time.

I was particularly benefited from library studies carried out at American Centre, Kolkata; British Council, Kolkata; MoEF, New Delhi; and TERI, New Delhi.

I wish to express my appreciation to the many individuals who supplied documents and information, and who permitted me to use their material; D.Bandopadhyay (MoEF), P.K.Banik (ISM), Ron Bisset (UK), S.K.Choudhury (formerly of ISM), S.K.Maiti (ISM), Frank McShane (McGill, Canada), Mohan Muna-Singhe (World Bank), N.C.Saxena (ISM), Gurdeep Singh (ISM), A.N.Sinha (MCL), Subrata Sinha (TERI) and Riki Therivel (UK) rendered great assistance.

I am extremely thankful to Durga Das Chandra for typing the manuscript.

My wife Damayanti and son Sagnik sacrificed a lot. Their help and encouragement have been very significant. My father Mr Anath Bandhu Sinha always wanted to see my work in print. I have great pleasure in dedicating this monograph to him.

Dhanbad
July 4, 2001
(Indra N Sinha)