c. Alternatives and Mitigation
Alternatives: All feasible alternatives to the proposed action should be considered. The alternatives considered should be outlined and the environmental implications of each of them should be presented, and the reasons for their rejection briefly discussed.

c.a.1 Alternative sites may be considered where these are practicable and available to project proponent. The main environmental advantages and disadvantages of these should be discussed and the reasons for the final choice given.
c.a.2 Alternative process, designs and operating conditions should be considered at an early stage of project planning and the environmental implications of these investigated and reported where the proposed project is likely to have significantly adverse environmental impacts.
c.a.3 If unexpectedly severe adverse impacts are identified during the course of the investigation, which are difficult to mitigate, alternatives rejected in the earlier planning phases should be re-appraised.
c.b Scope and effectiveness of mitigation measures: All significant adverse impacts should be considered for mitigation. Evidence should be presented to show that proposed mitigation measures would be effective when implemented.
c.b.1 Attempts must be made to mitigate all significant adverse impacts. Where practicable, specific mitigation measures should be put forward. Any residual or unmitigated impact should be indicated and justification offered as to why these impacts are not to be mitigated.
c.b.2 Mitigation methods considered should include modification of the project, impact compensation and the provision of alternative facilities as well as pollution control.
c.b.3 Clear indication should be given to the extent to which the adverse impacts would be reduced if mitigation measures are implemented.
c.c Commitment to mitigation: Developers should be committed to, and capable of, carrying out the mitigation measures and should present plans of how they propose to do so.
c.c.1 Commitment of the project proponent(s) to implement the mitigation measures must be recorded in the EMP. Details of how the mitigation measures will be implemented and function over the time span for which they are necessary should also be given.
c.c.2 In order to assess the conformity of the impacts with the predicted values and also to keep the environmental pollution under check, an appropriate scheme for impact monitoring should be put forward. Provision should be made to adjust mitigating measures where unexpected adverse impacts occur.

d Communication of Results
Layout: The layout of the statement should enable the reader to find and assimilate data easily and quickly. External data sources should be acknowledged.
d.a.1 A brief description of the project along with the objectives of the environmental impact assessment study and how those aims are to be achieved should be provided.
d.a.2 Information should be logically arranged in sections or chapters and the whereabouts of important data should be signalled in a table of contents or index.
d.a.3 Unless the chapters themselves are very short, there should be chapter summaries outlining the main findings of each phase of the investigation.
d.a.4 When data, conclusions or quality standards from external sources are introduced, the original source should be acknowledged at that point in the text. A full reference should also be included.
d.b Presentation: Care should be taken in the presentation of information to make sure that it is accessible to the non-specialist.
d.b.1 Information should be presented so as to be comprehensible to the non-specialist. Tables, graphs and other devices should be used as appropriate. Unnecessarily technical or obscure language should be avoided.
d.b.2 Technical terms, acronyms and initials should be defined, either when first introduced into the text or in a glossary. Important data should be presented and discussed in the main text.
d.b.3 The Statement should be presented as integrated whole. Summaries of data presented in separately bound appendices should be introduced in the main body of the text.
d.c Emphasis: Information should be presented without bias and receive the emphasis appropriate to its importance in the context of the EMP.
d.c.1 Prominence and emphasis should be given to potentially severe adverse impacts as well as to potentially substantial favourable environmental impacts. The Statement should avoid according space disproportionately to impacts that have been well investigated or are beneficial.
d.c.2 The Statement should be unbiased; it should not lobby for any particular point of view. Euphemisms or platitudes should not disguise adverse impacts.
d.d Non-technical summary: There should be a clearly written non-technical summary of the main findings of the study and how they were reached.
d.d.1 There should be a non-technical summary of the main findings and conclusions of the study. Technical terms, lists of data and detailed explanations of scientific reasoning should be avoided.
d.d.2 The summary should cover all main issues discussed in the EIA/EMP Report and should contain at least a brief description of the project and the environment, an account of the main mitigation measures to be undertaken by the developer, and a description of any significant residual impacts. A brief explanation of the methods by which these data were obtained, and an indication of the confidence, which can be placed in them, should also be included.

Of the sub-categories some are very important and all such sub-category points must be satisfactorily covered in the EIA/EMP report.

All EIA reports must give adequate description of the proposed project activities. The project site details must also be properly described.

Similarly in order to establish the environmental soundness of the proposed development all of the following points must also be adequately dealt with:
* Method of working to be adopted.
* Resource requirement during construction, operation, closure and post closure phase of the project
* Site details.
* Pre-project, during project and post-project land uses.
* Waste generation, handling and treatment.
* Environmental setting.
* Pre-project baseline situation on the important environmental parameters.
*Likely changes in the environmental parameters if the project under consideration is not undertaken.
* Data adequacy to enable impact prediction with minimal error.

If all of the above points are satisfactorily covered it is indicated that a sound EIA process has been followed.