Evolution of Lipids and Related Substances from the Atomic Nuclear Structures

 

Abstract

 

                The structures of fatty acids evolve from the atomic nuclear structures like any other biological structures on the basis of my Nuclear Model with Gravitational and Electromagnetic Fields and the Evolution of Biological Structures from the Atomic Nuclear Structure due to the stable even-even nuclei.  The lipids also consequently evolve from the same nuclear structures.  The normal lipids evolve from the Hydrogen end and the membrane lipids evolve from the higher atomic number like Uranium end towards the stable Cr.  The other related substances also evolve from the Atomic Nuclear Structures with sufficient evolution times because they are natural substances. 

 

1.Introduction

 

            From my nuclear model with gravitational and electromagnetic fields [1] it was seen that the biological structures evolve [2] from the atomic nuclear structures.  Similarly the fatty acids also evolve from the same like any other biological structures.  Due to high stability of even atomic numbered and even mass numbered nuclei with Alpha particles forming chains like Hydrocarbon chains each Alpha particle making 5 bonds one more than the number of particles in it.  Due to this the binding energy per particle is high for even-even nuclei.  Since the lipids are the esters of fatty acids with Alcohol and the fatty acids are the concentrated energy storage substances just as the protons are the energy storage substances in the thermonuclear energy.  Since these related substances are natural products they evolve like any other biological structures with sufficient evolution times.

 

2. Evolution of Normal Lipids

 

            The evolution of normal lipids starts at the fusion reaction towards the most stable Cr with highest binding energy.   It then migrates to the chemical form with the Hydrogen releasing highest energy by oxidation.  Hence the structure replicates with the protons in the nuclei forming the Hydrogen atoms in the Hydrocarbon chains of fatty acids.  That is why the fatty acids contain the even number of Hydrogen atoms up to 24 which is the atomic number of Cr, a magic numbered nucleus with neutron number of 28.  The high binding energy is required for stability during the energy storage and retrieval processes to prevent the breakdown of the chains, which can cause chemical changes otherwise.  The bonds between the Carbon atoms correspond to the bonds between the Alpha particles in the nuclei since C atoms give slightly smaller energy by oxidation similar to smaller binding energy of the inter Alpha particle bonds in the nuclei.

 

3. Evolution of the membrane lipids

 

            The membrane lipids evolve from the higher atomic number side of the periodic table like Uranium towards Cr.  Due to the multiply closed shell structures of these nuclei they form membrane like structures.  Since there are positrons at the centers of both proton and neutron these substances have a hydrophobic head.  Since there is one extra positron in proton and no net charge in neutron these positrons are shared slightly between protons ad neutrons in the nucleus when they form bonds.  This sharing of positrons by polarization evolves to hydrophilic tails.  These large numbers of alternate positron-electron shells evolve through the large number protons in the heavier elements towards membrane lipids with large number of Hydrogen atoms.

 

4. Conclusions

 

            Thus the lipids and the related substances evolve from the atomic nuclear structures.  Even though we have discussed some aspects of the evolution of these substances it can be concluded that all the aspects evolve from the same since the evolution times are sufficiently long.

 

References

 

[1] Discoveries and Inventions – V. Narsimha Reddy, BS Publications, 4-4-309, Giriraj Lane, Sultan Bazar, Hyderabad – 500095, India, Ph: 0091-40-24756638, 24758216, 2002, P-1.1.

 

[2] Discoveries and Inventions – V. Narisimha Reddy …, P8. 1