22. Reversibility of the Radiation Leaving the Universe, Optical Lensing and Hypernova

Abstract

In accordance with my [1] Dynamics of the Universe Under the Influence of Gravitational and Electromagnetic Fields, all the processes of the Universe are reversible except the radiation leaving the Universe, more specifically from stars. The reversibility of the radiation can be explained as follows. Since the photons behave also as particles having an associated mass, according to wave particle duality, the photons leaving the Universe will be attracted by the mass of the Universe gravitationally and return back. In that process they can travel to extremely long distance as the energy of the photons and consequently the mass of the photons goes on decreasing. Since every celestial object possesses net charge in its oblate ionosphere, this ionosphere behaves as an optical lens bending the light passing through it near the object just as the terrestrial ionosphere reflects the radio waves. Similar to Nova and Supernova the collision between two large scale structures like galaxies can be termed a Hyper nova. I had included this aspect in the above paper when I communicated it first in 1993 to Phys. Rev. D. but deleted it later since it was not accepted even after revised communication later.

References

[1] Discoveries and Inventions, Vol. 1, P-4.1