The Bright Eruption Theory
Revised and Enlarged Eleventh Edition (last updated on 19th September 2002).
Conception :
A Black Hole is described as a 'bottomless pit'. Similarly, a 'Bright Eruption' (term coined jointly by Aditya Narayan Roychoudhuri and me) may be described as a 'topless mountain' i.e. it is just symmetrically opposite to a Black Hole.
We know, a Black Hole, due to its extremely strong gravitational field, sucks up matter and energy within its surroundings. It is a 'hole/inlet' where all these 'falls'. But if we see from another point of view, then there must be an 'outlet' from where all these energies will be released. This outlet is nothing but the 'Bright Eruption'.
The Bright Eruptions can again be described from two different point of views. The Type-I & II are described below in details. The proposition of the Type-I has been completely our work. The Type-II is a development of a similar idea which has been already under research by the astrophysicists for the last few years.
Type-I
A, B, C and D are four Black Holes with extremely strong gravitational fields. Let 'X' be the point of common event horizon of these black holes. The two dimensional straight line joining A and B is 'AB' and the line joining C and D is 'CD'. Now is A, B, C, and D are non-coplaner, then two planes are imagined through AB and CD. These two planes will intersect each other at a straight line X. All the points in this line have a probability of containing a Bright Eruption, but the magnitude of the probability will not be the same everywhere on this straight line. The point X, which has the least distance from all these four Black Holes, will have the highest probability.
Now, let us discuss the Characterisics of Bright Eruption:
(1) As the highly strong gravitational forces of A, B, C and D jointly act on it, it will go on producing Particle-Antiparticle pairs. The particles and antipartiles will be distributed among these four according to their gravitational potential. Accordingly, combining with the particles and antiparticles, the black holes will either lose mass or gain it.
(2) A high amount of positive and negative energy will be produced and from the breaking of the Particle-Antiparticle pairs. So, the region will be infinitely hot and almost like the temperature at Singularity. Huge amounts of photonic energy will be emitted and will be reflected by the Particles and Antiparticles. But these photons will again be absorbed by the four black holes. Only to an observer, lying in one of the event horizons of the four black holes, the Bright Eruption (consisting of blinding light and infinite heat) will be 'visible'. But there will be hardly any effect on the regions outside the event horizons, other than some heat that may somehow 'leak' out from the gravitational fields of the four black holes and, of course, a huge amount of Hawking Radiation.
(3) The black holes will continuosly lose mass and will be destroyed one by one due to the influence of negative energy. Only the least strong black hole will remain. Immediately after the third black hole gets destroyed, the 'X' region will lose all its characteristics and will transform into a normal space as in the event horizon of a black hole.
This Bright Eruption can exist between two or more black holes. X will be the region of Fourth Dimensional or of higher dimensional circumstances.
Idea of Bright Eruption developed jointly by Aditya Narayan Roychoudhury and Vivek Panda.
Type-II
Analysing the characteristics of a Bright Eruption, we find an astonishing but clearly distinct relationship among a Black Hole, a Bright Eruption & the Universe.
1.BIG BANG: Positive and Negative Universes
We know that a complete vacuum can never be created. The spontaneous creation of the particle-antiparticle pairs and their annihilations are always occuring in space. Our universe was also created out of these positive and negative energy pairs.
At the beginning of time i.e. at the instant of the Big Bang, an unimaginable number of these massless energy pairs had been broken and were separated from each other due to the tremendous impulse of the explosion. Thus two universes (one positive and the other negative) were created simultaneously at this instant of singularity and gradually shifted from each other
2. RELATION BETWEEN BLACK HOLES AND BRIGHT ERUPTIONS :
We know that a Black Hole i.e. it is indeed a 'bottom-less pit'. It curves the space-time to such an extent that the slope of this curve becomes undefined. This Black Hole intersects the other universe at a point/region. And, can you guess what that point/region means to that universe? That is nothing but the Bright Eruption !!
As all the particles or energy are sucked up in the Black Holeof a universe, and all the matter bodies are transformed into energy, the total energy is then transmitted and released through the Bright Eruption in the other universe. Thus, as Professor Stephen Hawking said, a Black Hole can indeed take a particle (deformed to the energy state) from an universe to the other.
3. END OF THE TIME THROUGH COMPLETE ANNIHILATION OF ENERGY :
We can also define this gravitational energy of a Black Hole from another point of view.
As anything (body/particle/energy) of dissimilar charges attract each other, particles which come within the event horizon, are attracted/pulled by the opposite universe. These would fall into the Black Hole and travel through this loop into the other universe.
Note: This inter-universal travel can only be possible through the Black Hole, as only a Black Hole has an attractive property. It 'sucks up' energy, but a Bright Eruption 'erupts' the energy. Thus, the flow of energy is unidirectional.
But. just at the instant the body reaches the opposite universe, the oppositely charged energy reacts with it and the 'visitor positive energy' is completely annihilated by an equal amout of the 'host negative energy'. Thus an equal amount of energy is lost from both the universes and the eqilibrium is maintained. In a closed-type of universe, at the time of the Big Crunch, all of these positive and negative energieswould combine with each other and complete annihilation will take place. Thus no energy/particle/body/matter will be left. Time hence will come to an end. In case of a parallel or expanding type of universe, time can only come to an end when all the energy of the universe and its corresponding negative universe is gradually exchanged and completely annihilates themselves. This exchange of energy takes place through (from) the Black Hole and (to) the Bright Eruption. Otherwise, time and matter continues to exist. But, finally, if left for an infinite amount of time, these universes should 'evaporate' after some time, due to the gradual transmission of energy between a Black Hole and a Bright Eruption.
LIST OF DIAGRAMMES :
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS :
All these hard work and thinking would have been a complete failure without the invaluable contribution of my colleague Aditya Narayan Roy Choudhury. The complete idea of the Bright Eruption Theory grew out from two of our minds. No help was taken from any text or Websites. However, terms like 'negative energy' and 'evaporation of universes' were actually established by famous scientists in the past. Again, many thanks to Professor Stephen Hawking.
Compiled and Written by : Vivek Panda
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© & ® Vivek Panda : July 2002
