Wasatch Pony Club

Rating Prep – C1

Turn-out/Tack

Standard: Attire to be correctly formal or informal, or as designated by D.C. Pony to be well-groomed, reflecting regular care. Tack to be safe, clean, and well-adjusted, reflecting regular care.

Fill in the blank:

1. Braiding is or is not allowed at rallies, etc. [C Standard p.4]

2. A smooth snaffle bit is required for all flat work. [C Standard p.4]

3. A full cheek snaffle must have keepers. [C Standard p.4]

4. A good turn out is important for safety and for the comfort of your pony. [C Manual, p. 181]

5. A dropped noseband must be carefully fitted to avoid cutting off your pony’s air. [D Manual, p. 274 – 275]

6. Other styles of noseband which are used for similar purpose as the dropped noseband are the flash and the figure eight nosebands. [D Manual, p. 275-276]

7. A flash noseband is a cavesson to which a drop has been added. [D Manual, p. 275]

8. For formal attire, the coat must be a dark uniform color. [C Standard, p. 4]

9. A white stock tie with a horizontal pin is part of formal attire. [C Standard, p. 4]

10. Is a choker, necktie or turtleneck required at formal inspection? Yes. [C Standard, p. 4]

11. When examining D’s at an inspection, the emphasis should be on safety. [C Manual p. 302-303]

Conditioning

Standard: Discuss what is meant by conditioning and how to condition for a particular Pony Club activity of your choice.

1. What is meant by conditioning? The process of getting a pony fit. [C Manual, p. 233]

2. Describe basic conditioning for ordinary riding for an unfit pony. Answer should express the principle of “long, slow distance work” and should include these details:

· Start at a walk

· Increase length of conditioning sessions rather than speed

· Allow 4 to 6 weeks to condition pony for ordinary riding. [C Manual, p. 241-245]

3. Choose one special activity (ie, Eventing) and describe a conditioning program for that activity. Answer should include consultation with instructor or other “expert” who will help tailor program specifically for the pony’s needs. [C Manual, p. 243]

Nutrition

Standard: Describe how feeds are measured and weighed. Know amount and type of feed for own pony. Describe characteristics of good and pad feed, watering and pasture.

1. Feed should always be measured in pounds. [C Manual, p. 199]

2. Concentrates are high in energy. [C Manual, p 200-201]

3. Why do you need to know the weights of the hay and grain you feed your pony? Nutritional recommendations are given in pounds. [C Manual, p. 199]

4. Which is heavier, a quart of oats or a quart of corn? A quart of corn. [C Manual, p. 199]

5. What determines the amount of feed a pony needs? Size, type, condition, workload, stabling, behavior, age and health. [C Manual, p. 201]

6. Describe poor quality concentrates. Grain may have mold or bugs, and smells bad. [C Manual, p. 196-197]

7. Describe poor quality hay. It may be dusty, moldy, smell bad, and be gray or white. [C Manual, p. 196]

8. Describe poor quality pasture. Weeds; swamps; sparse or course, tough grass; overgrazed; toxic plants [C Manual, p. 198]

9. Describe a good watering arrangement. A clean-flowing, constant supply [C Manual, p. 199]

10. Describe your pony’s feeding schedule: My pony eats lb. of hay per day, which equals

flakes. My pony gets _______ hours of pasture grazing per day. My pasture’s grass is poor, fair,

average, good, very good (pick one). Pony gets _______lb. of type grain per day, which

equals measures. [C Manual, p. 203]

Stable Management

Standard: Discuss types of bedding appropriate for your area. Discuss types and causes of stable vices. Describe and give reasons for three types of clipping. Describe conditions which foster internal and external parasites, procedure for parasite control in pasture and stall management, ways to control flies, bot eggs.

1. Describe types of bedding appropriate for your area. Choose from straw, shavings, sawdust, shredded paper, rubber stall mats, sand or dirt [C Manual, p. 159]

2. Describe these stable vices (name, description, cause):

· Cribbing Horse sets teeth on a stationary object and sucks air boredom or nervousness

· Wood Chewing Horse chews wood, but does not suck air boredom or nervousness

· Weaving Horse sways from side to side boredom or nervousness

· Stall kicking Horse kicks the stall walls anxious to eat or upset

· Pawing Horse digs holes with forefoot excited or wants food

[D Manual, p. 180-182]

3. What are some reasons for clipping? Enables a horse to carry out fast work without undo stress; prevents chills that a wet, heavy coat may cause; conserves condition by avoiding heavy sweating;

facilitates faster drying and cooling out after work; prevents disease

4. Describe some different types of clipping:

· Full Clip: the entire coat is removed. Allows quick drying, used on show horses.

· Hunter clip: hair is left on legs to elbow and thighs, and in the saddle area. Used on field hunters to protect legs and back from injury or sores.

· Trace clip: hair is removed from neck, part of the shoulders, chest and belly. Removes hair from the areas where the heaviest sweating occurs.

· Strip clip: Hair is removed from underside of neck and belly. A minimal clip that protects backs from sores and rain. [C Manual, p 160-162]

5. Describe conditions which foster internal and external parasites. Poor manure disposal, feeding on the floor, overstocking pastures, not mowing pastures, poor fly control, not removing bot eggs.

[C Manual, p. 170-171]

6. Describe parasite control for pasture management. Rotate pastures to prevent overgrazing; mow to 2”; harrow; let cattle graze there [C Manual, p. 171]

7. Describe parasite control for stall management. Dispose of manure properly, keep stall clean, occasionally dig up stall floor. [C Manual, p. 160]

8. Describe ways to control flies. Keep horses in by day and turn out at night; use fly spray, fly bait and spraying; keep barn clean; provide shade [C Manual, p. 160, 171-172]

9. Describe ways to control bot eggs. Remove eggs from horse with a bot knife or block daily. [C Manual, p. 176]

q Pony Parts, Conformation and Lameness

Standard: Identify good and bad points of basic leg conformation Describe five common unsoundnesses as to location and outward appearance.

1. Describe good foreleg conformation, from the side and front of the horse. In the front and side views, a plumb line, dropped from the point of the shoulder or center of shoulder blade, will divide a

good leg so that ½ is on either side of the line. [C Manual, p 316-318]

2. Describe these foreleg conformation faults when viewed from the side:

a. Standing under: the leg is set too far back; most of the leg is behind the plumb line

b. Camped out in front: the leg is set too far forward; most of the leg is in front of the plumb line

c. Over at the knee: the knee is slightly bent, putting the lower leg too far back.

d. Back at the knee (calf knee): the knee has a slight backwards bend, with the cannon bones sloping forward

3. Describe these foreleg conformation faults when viewed from the front:

a. Base narrow: the legs are closer together at the feet than at the chest

b. Base wide: the legs are farther apart at the feet than at the chest

c. Knock knees: the knees bend inward so they are inside the plumb line

d. Bowed knees: the knees bend outward so they are outside the plumb line

e. Bench knees (offset knees): the cannon bones do not line up exactly with the center of the knees, but are set slightly to the outside

f. Toeing out (splay footed): the toe points outwards from the plumb line

g. Toeing in (pigeon footed): the toe points inward from the plumb line [C Manual, p. 316-319]

4. Describe good hind leg conformation, from the side and rear of the horse: From the side, the cannon bones should be vertical, and a plumb line should run from the point of the buttock down the back of the hock and leg to the fetlock joint. From the rear, the stifles should point out a little, the hocks and lower legs should parallel and vertical, and neither too close nor too far apart.

[C Manual, p. 319- 321]

5. Describe these hind leg conformation faults when viewed from the side:

a. Camped out behind: The hind leg is too far back, so that it is behind the plumb line

b. Standing under (sickle hocked): The hock is slightly bent, with the lower leg angled forward

c. Too straight (post leg): The leg is too straight through the hock and stifle joints

6. Describe these hind leg conformation faults when viewed from the rear:

a. Cow hocks: The hocks point inwards towards each other, with the cannon bones sloping outward

b. Bowed hocks: The hocks point outward, so the cannon bones slope inwards

c. Too wide: The hind legs are placed too far apart, making it difficult for the horse to reach well forward

d. Too narrow: The hind legs are too close together, and often lack muscle development [C

Manual, p. 320-322]

7. Describe good lower leg and joint conformation:

a. Clean – free from thickness and swelling.

b. Cannon bones – they should be fairly short with clean, strong and well-developed tendons

c. Knees and hocks – they should be wide, flat and clean, with clearly defined bones [C Manual, p 322)

8. Describe these lower leg and joint conformation faults:

a. Tendons “tied in”: small, narrow tendons that look as if they are squeezed in just below the knee

b. Pasterns too long and sloping: They are weak and easily injured

c. Pasterns too short and steep: They do not absorb shock well, making the gait rough, and transmit more concussion to the foot and leg. [C Manual, p. 323]

9. Describe good foot conformation: The foot should be large and strong, with wide, well-developed heels and bars. The frog should be large and touch the ground. The soles should be arched, not flat,

and the horse’s weight should be carried on the wall, not the sole. The walls should be strong and smooth, without cracks or rings. [C Manual, p. 323]

10. Describe 5 common unsoundnesses as to their location and outward appearance:

· Splints: Hard lumps that appear between the splint bones and the cannon bones

· Bowed tendon: A swelling or thickening in the tendon along the back of the cannon bone. It can be high or low, depending upon its placement along the tendon.

· Navicular disease: A problem deep within the foot. It is usually detected through symptoms oflameness.

· Ringbone: A pony lump on the pastern bones. High ringbone is arthritis between the two pasternbones. Low ringbone occurs between the short pastern and the coffin bone within the hoof and is usually

more serious.

· Sidebone: The collateral cartilages of the coffin bone (which are shaped like wings and form the bulbsof the heel) turn to bone.

· Curb: A sprain to the plantar ligament, which runs down the back of the hock. It results in a thickening in the lower end of the hock joint.

· Bone spavin: Arthritis in the small bones of the hock. It usually produces a hard swelling low down on the inside of the hock joint.

· Bog spavin: A soft swelling on the front of the hock, it is usually considered a blemish and not an unsoundness, but it indicates the horse’s hocks have been under stress.

· Thoroughpin: A soft, cool swelling on the upper part of the hock that usually does not cause lameness.

[C Manual, p. 325-331]

Travel Safety

Standard: Discuss basic equipment needed for mount’s safety and comfort during trailer travel. Know trailer safety checklist

1. Catalog the trailer safety checklist. (see attached checklist) [B Manual, p. 415-417]

2. List equipment needed for pony’s safety and comfort during travel.

a. Hay net with fresh hay

b. Water bucket

c. At least 5 gallons clean water in a container with lid

d. Horse first aid kit

e. Tool kit

f. Extra tie rope and lead shank

g. Muck bucket, shovel, rake, broom and manure disposal bags

h. Pony should be outfitted in shipping boots or properly applied shipping bandages.

i. Some ponies may need to wear a head bumper or a sheet.

j. Halters should be well-fitted and leather, or nylon with a breakaway strap.

[C Manual, p. 263]

Health Care and Veterinary Knowledge, and Record Keeping

Standard: Describe how to treat minor wounds. Discuss regular worming control for own mount; how and why to

deworm new mounts in barn. Know health care schedule for own mount including dates of inoculations (tetanus,

encephalomyelitis, etc.), deworming, floating of teeth, shoeing.

1. What are the steps for treating a minor wound?

a. Stop the bleeding

b. Hose the wound

c. Clean the wound

d. Dry the wound

e. Apply antibiotic powder

f. Bandage the wound [C Manual, p. 230-231]