DISCLAIMER: YOU ARE USING THESE METHODS AT YOUR OWN RISK!  IF YOU
DAMAGE YOUR RECEIVER/ACCESS CARDS, NOBODY IS LIABLE FOR IT BUT YOU.
-------------------------------------------------------------------
RCA 1st Gen Soft-Reboot
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Pull out the Access Card. Hold down the Power button and the
Down Arrow button on the receiver at the same time. Hold for 15 
seconds. Turn on the receiver. Press Select button twice. Re-Insert
Access Card when prompted. If it says card has expired, reinsert 
it. The receiver should now be turned on. It may be necessary to do
this over again. You may also try it with the card in instead of
removed. 
-------------------------------------------------------------------
RCA 1st Gen Hard-Reboot (DRD102RA VERIFIED)
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Pull out the Access Card. Hold down the Power button and the
Down Arrow button on the receiver at the same time. Hold for 15 
seconds. Unplug the receiver from the wall while holding down the
buttons. Hold for 15 seconds. Plug the receiver back in while still
holding down the two buttons. Hold for 15 seconds. Turn on the
receiver. Press Select button twice. Re-Insert Access Card when
prompted. If it says card has expired, reinsert it. The receiver
should now be turned on. It may be necessary to do this over again.
You may also try it with the card in instead of removed. 
-------------------------------------------------------------------
RCA 1st Gen Modification (DRD102RA VERIFIED)
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Cut trace going to Pin7 of U3151 (27C16/27E16 EEPROM).  Jumper from
Pin 7 to Pin 8 of U3151.  When Receiver goes into invalid/745 state
you have to remove power, reapply power, and you will be back to
normal.
-------------------------------------------------------------------
RCA 2nd Gen Soft-Reboot
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Pull out the Access Card. Hold down the Power button and the
Down Arrow button on the receiver at the same time. Hold for 15 
seconds. Turn on the receiver. Press Select button twice. Re-Insert
Access Card when prompted. If it says card has expired, reinsert 
it. The receiver should now be turned on. It may be necessary to do
this over again. You may also try it with the card in instead of
removed. 
-------------------------------------------------------------------
RCA 2nd Gen Hard-Reboot 
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Turn receiver power off. Remove the access card. Unplug the
receiver. Allow unit to sit overnight (approx. 6 hours) Insert the
access card, reconnect to AC power, and turn receiver power on.

*OR*

It has been found that by pushing the TV/DSS and Down Arrow on the
front of the receiver and then navigating to the TEST button on
screen and then pushing select. The test will run for a minute or
two and then give you option to select STOP on screen. Select STOP.
At this point the receiver will do a hard reboot.
-------------------------------------------------------------------
RCA 3rd Gen Soft Reboot (DRD303RA VERIFIED)
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Remove plastic from receiver.  On the receiver, press the Power
and the Down arrow, the screen should flicker and when it powers up
it will be reset back.
-------------------------------------------------------------------
RCA 4th Gen Soft Reboot (DRD222RD) (3 buttons on top of unit)
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Leave plastic inserted.  Go to any channel.  Press CH \/ and CH /\
at the same time.  A el-cheapo test pattern will appear.  Press
the power button as well (keeping your fingers on both the CH as
well).  Audio should kick in for about 10-15 seconds.  The system
will go black, reboot, search for satellite and you are done.
-------------------------------------------------------------------
RCA 4th Gen Hidden Menu Procedure
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Press CH \/ and CH /\ on receiver at same time for 10-15 seconds.
You will be brought to a hidden menu that could be useful for diags
and other interesting tidbits.
-------------------------------------------------------------------
RCA 5th Gen Soft Reboot
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Press the Info Button and the Right Arrow button for 5 seconds
until system resets itself.
-------------------------------------------------------------------
RCA 5th Gen Hard Reboot
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Pull access card.  Power reset ( power & down button at same time )
Keep holding buttons, Pull the Power cord. Keep holding buttons on
the actual receiver.  Plug back in and unplug while holding power
and down (a total of 4 to 5 in and outs)  Now put back in card unit
if possible with a diff card (plugged in at this point).  Hopefully
the problem should be gone. 

-------------------------------------------------------------------
RCA DRD221/DRD222 Gen Reboot
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Hold Power+Down, pull card from ird, unplug ird and leave it
unpluged for 15 secs (still holding buttons).  Plug card back in
and plug ird back in and release buttons.
Modding an RCA DRD303RB:

-------------------------------------------------------------------
RCA DRD303RB Reset Sequence
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Go to any channel number.  Turn power off (leave it plugged in) on
receiver.  On the face of the IRD, hold down the Channel Up and
Channel Down buttons simultaneously.  While holding down the
buttons, press the power button.  The static on the TV screen goes 
black. Continue holding the buttons down for 5-6 seconds more. Then
the static comes back.  Release the buttons and turn the IRD on. It
will come on in setup mode, once you exit, you should be able to 
view again.

-------------------------------------------------------------------
Sony Receivers
-------------------------------------------------------------------
If you still have the box it came in on the outside will be a model
number. If you don't have the box look on the metal plate on the
back of the receiver. If the model number goes something like:
SAS-BS1 (note the 1 in the series) then you have a first Generation
unit. If the model number goes something like: SAS-BS2 (note the 2)
then you have a Second Generation unit.
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Sony 1st Gen Soft-Reboot
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Push and hold the Exit and Down Arrow button on the receiver at
the same time. Receiver will soft-reboot at this point and restart.
Power off and then back on.
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Sony 1st Gen Hard-Reboot, Sony 2nd Gen Soft/Hard-Reboot
-------------------------------------------------------------------
To do a hard reboot on a second generation Sony push and hold the
TV/DSS and Down Arrow at the same time. A Menu will come up at this
point and you want to select TEST on the screen. Once the test is
complete select STOP on the screen and the system will do a hard
reboot and restart.
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Sony 4th Gen Soft-Reboot
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Hold down the down and the menu buttons for 15 secondss screen will 
turn blank then look for signal.
I have tried resetting A50d through its data port.

-------------------------------------------------------------------
Sony Reset EEPROM Procedure
-------------------------------------------------------------------
This is the procedure to reset the EEPROM on SONY IRDs by shorting
pin 4 to pin 6 on the EEPROM chip that is located inside of all
SONY IRDs.  Please be VERY CAREFUL when doing this.

Zimmy has had 100% success with resetting the EEPROM on all SONY IRDs.
If it doesn't work for you, then you are doing something wrong,
because everyone that has followed these instructions has been
100% successful in fixing their IRD.

      |   |   |   |
   .-----------------.
   |  8   7   6   5  |
   |                 |
   |)   ST24x32      |    This is when you are looking at the chip
   |                 |    from above, make sure the dot is on the
   |. 1   2   3   4  |    left hand side or corner designating the
   `-----------------'    first pin on the IC.
      |   |   |   | 

-------------------------------------------------------------------
Sony SAT-A1, SAT-B1, SAT-A2 & SAT-B2 IRDs with EEPROM Short Method
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Hit TV/DSS + DOWN, Hit Test, When test completes, move the
highlight to STOP.  Short pin 4 to pin 6 on IC104(24c32 EEPROM).
While holding short, select STOP from the menu. (At this point, you
should see some wavy lines on the screen.)  Continue holding the
short in place for 20 seconds. (If while you're holding the short,
the system boots back up, you've messed up.) (The system should
continue with the wavy lines until you remove the short.), Remove
the short.  System will boot up, and your receiver will have reset
the eeprom.

-------------------------------------------------------------------
Sony SAT-A3, SAT-B3 & SAT-A4 IRDs with EEPROM Short Method
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Short pin 4 to pin 6 on IC104.  While holding short, hit Guide +
Down on IRD. (At thit point, you should see some wavy lines on the
screen.)  Continue holding the short in place for 20 seconds. (If
while you're holding the short, the system boots back up, you've
messed up.) (The system should continue with the wavy lines until
you remove the short.)  Remove the short.  System will boot up, and
your receiver will have reset the eeprom.

-------------------------------------------------------------------
Sony SAT-A50 and SAT-B50 IRDs with EEPROM Short Method
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Short pin 4 to pin 6 on IC104.  While holding short, hit Guide +
Down on IRD. (At this point, the screen should go blank, and the
power light should bein to blink.  This blinking should be
continuous.)  Continue holding the short in place for 20 seconds.
(If while you're holding the short, the system boots back up,
you've messed up.) (The system should continue with power light
blinking the entire time you are holding the short, and continue
to blink after you remove the short.)  Remove the short.  Remove
power from the IRD.  Connect power to IRD.  System will boot up,
and your receiver will have reset the eeprom.

-------------------------------------------------------------------
Sony A50D Resetting with Serial Interface
-------------------------------------------------------------------
You need to connect them as follows to your computer's serial
port (assuming a DB25 connector)

Sony        DB25
 7 ---------  7 (ground)
14 ---------  3 (RxD)
 6 ---------  2 (TxD)

Set your terminal to 9600 bps, 8 data bits, no parity
and hit a few returns on the keyboard.
If all is well, you will get:
DiagPrompt >

1)Connect serial cable from data port to COM1-4 on the PC.
  (no crossovers like with previous models)
2)Fire up your favourite Terminal app (set it to 9600 8-N-1)
3)Press "Enter" a couple of times
4)Now one should get "DiagPrompt >"

The sequence to RESET is:
-------------------------
DiagPrompt > 27
Illegal Command Syntax: e834@^&$#e%&%&~#

Unexpected string at

DiagPrompt > 14
Diag > OK

DiagPrompt >
----------------------

To get help type "?"
----------------------
DiagPrompt > ?
 1   rom - Test ROM Checksum
 2  vram - Test VRAM(SDRAM)
 3  eprm - Test EEPROM
 4  ntsc - Show Color Bars
 5   cam - Read Access Card
 6   mdm - Test Modem
 7   led - Test Front Panel LEDs
 8  butn - Test Front Panel Buttons
 9   rmt - Test Remote Control
10  exit - Exit Diagnostics
11   ser - Set IRD Serial Number
12   ver - Set IRD Model Number
13   dch - Set Default Channel
14   eep - Initialize EEPROM
15 camid - Display CAM ID Number
16  fend - Test Front End
17    rf - Set RF/IR Remote State
18   sec - Set RF Security Code
19  dram - Test DRAM(for ARM)
20  vcrm - Test VCR Mouse
21   ird - Get IRD Type
22 syserror - Display Error Codes
23     ? - Display List of Commands
Syntax: [r rptCnt] {cmdName | cmdNum} [options] [- {cmdName | cmdNum} 
[options]]

rptCnt = 0 means repeat forever (default = 1)
Numeric values default to decimal. Use 0x before numbers for hex 
values.
For help on specific commands, type command name followed by ?
Diag > OK

DiagPrompt >

--------------------------

Normally, 14 (eep) command does not work, but if you preceed it with
27, it will work.
Similarly, one can set model and serial number by the following
sequences:
28
then
ser NUM
to set your receiver serial number to NUM
or 
27
then
ver VER
to set your receiver model number to VER

This has been confirmed to work, however after a couple times doing
it, your audio may disappear, could be a glitch.  If it does so,
there are fixes following this.  

-------------------------------------------------------------------
Sony A50 Audio Fix for Data Port Method
-------------------------------------------------------------------
For those with A50's that lost audio, enter exactly whats shown at
the prompt as follows:

DiagPrompt > a3826@#31!

Check the ird type afterwards, it should be back to basic plus &
your audio should be back to normal.

-------------------------------------------------------------------
Sony B50 Audio Fix for Data Port Method
-------------------------------------------------------------------
For those with B50's that lost audio, enter exactly whats shown at
the prompt as follows:

DiagPrompt > b2742$46$

Check the ird type afterwards, your audio should be back to normal.

-------------------------------------------------------------------
Sony Advanced receiver with PIP Audio Fix for Data Port Method
-------------------------------------------------------------------
For those with the Advanced ird with PIP that lost audio, enter \
exactly whats shown at the prompt as follows:

DiagPrompt > s3940ro55#

Check the ird type afterwards, your audio should be back to normal.

-------------------------------------------------------------------
Sony Data Port Commands, with descriptions for curing misc problems
-------------------------------------------------------------------
24  b2742*$46$ - set IRD Type to BASIC
25  a3826@#31! - set IRD Type to BASIC PLUS (restores audio on A50)
26  s3940ro55# - set IRD Type to ADVANCED
27  e834@^&$#e%&%&~# - Allow command 14 (eep) to initialize eeprom
28 s872$@#%%T6tre6# - Allow command 11 (ser) to write serial number
                      to eeprom
29 v971@3j$4h&!d8(# - Allow command 12 (ver) to set version in 
                      eeprom

-------------------------------------------------------------------
Sony EEPROM Receiver Shorting Method
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Find IC104 listed on printed circuit board. On the Sony A-2 pins 
4;5; and 8 are marked.  Short out with alligator clip pins 4 and 6
(clip may overlap adjacent pins). Do not clip pins 1 or 8.  Do soft
or hard reboot (DSS/TV and down) choose test...after test choose 
the stop option.  Hit power switch OFF.  Remove alligator clip from
IC.  Reinsert plastic.  Hit power switch ON.  It should have reset
and you can now watch tv again hopefully.
 

      |   |   |   |
   .-----------------.
   |  8   7   6   5  |
   |                 |
   |    ST24x32      |    This is when you are looking at the chip
   |                 |    from above, make sure the dot is on the
   |. 1   2   3   4  |    left hand side or corner designating the
   `-----------------'    first pin on the IC.
      |   |   |   | 

Technote:  what you are really doing is shorting Ground (pin4) to
the SCL (serial clock) line on pin6.  

Datasheet info on the eeprom is located at for further reference:
  http://ai.mtron.ru/doc/seeprom/24c32.pdf 

-------------------------------------------------------------------
Hughes IRD Reset Procedure (Models H-0, E-1 & E-2)
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Start off by removing your access card.  Select Menu.  Select Setup.
Select Installation.  Select system test.  Right arrow to "begin
test". When test is complete, USING THE REMOTE, Press the
 key three times rapidly, followed by pressing
 twice. (you must do this quickly)  A new screen
labeled SECRET SYSTEM TEST will appear.  This screen on my
HIRD-D1 has a button labled "RESET" Pressing this button  clears
the eprom to factory settings and hard boots the receiver.
Then insert your card, and you are ready to go.   (Note- not all
Hughes receivers have a "reset" button.  You might go to this
screen and find "DONE" and "Video" keys.  This procedure is
confirmed to work on the H0, E1, and E2 models. Hughes IRDs D2 and
B2 do not work with this FIX...

-------------------------------------------------------------------
Hughes IRD Reset Procedure (Models D-1, D-4, Some E-1 & E-2)
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Remove your access card from the receiver.  From the Main Menu go
to .  Go to  option on the menu.  Go to the
 on the menu.  Now press  three times.  Now
press  two times.  A "Secret Menu" will appear, hit .
Your receiver will now have reset the eeprom back to original
'unused' state.

-------------------------------------------------------------------
Hughes D-2 Reset Procedure (With temporary push reset switch)
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Lift pin 8 off of board on EEPROM.  Solder a wire to pin 8.
Solder another wire to pin 8 trace on board.  Solder other end of 
the wires to a momentary "ON" push button (Radio shack #275-1547)
Mount push button.  Remove Access Card.  Unplug IRD for 5 seconds. 
Plug IRD back in. Unplug IRD for 5 seconds.  Press and Hold the
newly installed Push Button Switch.  Plug IRD back in.  Wait for
"Requesting New Guide" message to appear on TV (this takes about 
5 seconds) and then release Push Button Switch. (You may only get
the "Please Stand By" message, in this case just wait 5 seconds and
release button.)  Wait for the "Insert Access Card" Message. 
Reinsert Access Card & you are now completed.

-------------------------------------------------------------------
Hughes Gold Reset Procedure
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Lift pin 8 off of board on EEPROM.  Solder a wire to pin 8.
Solder another wire to pin 8 trace on board.  Solder other end of 
the wires to a momentary "ON" push button (Radio shack #275-1547)
Mount push button.  Any time you unplug box now, you must hold down
your new button till box starts up, but it will turn off/on normaly
as long as you dont unplug it.  After you get hit Simply unplug/use
powerbar switch on receiver for 5 seconds. Hold down moment switch
until receiver powers up again. The receiver will function normally
now.  If your box is down already you will have to switch cards
with someone because this mod doesn't reset the eeprom only write
protects it.

-------------------------------------------------------------------
Hughes HIRD-C2 Reset Procedure to work with P2 Series Plastics
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Wire the 10k resistor with 30gauge wire.  Power On then short PIN 8
on 24C32 eeprom.  Unplug IRD.  Plug back in IRD.  Insert P1/P3 card
channel 100. Remove P1/P3 card.  Insert P2 card.  You should now
have reset the system back to normal.

-------------------------------------------------------------------
Toshiba 1st Gen Soft Reboot Procedure (Made by Thompson Electronics)
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Press the Power button down and the down arrow at the same time.
Thompson Electronics made this receiver. (same as RCA)  

-------------------------------------------------------------------
Hitachi HDS100R Reboot Procedure with EEPROM Short Method
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Use a SOIC/DIP Test clip, try jumpering pins 4 & 6 (GND to SCL) if
its a 24e32 EEPROM & unplugging, plugging the receiver in 2 times
with your access card removed.