WILSON OGG

An essential feature of matter is its color. From the time of Newton, we have regarded the color of a body arising from its reflection of the Sun`s spectrum. This view ignores the essence of things. As we know, the electrical system of matter oscillates within a polychromatic alternating field under which matter reveals its characteristic properties to us. This revelation is a testament to the unique individuality of the being of matter, an individuality that cannot be described in words or by numbers. Wavelengths are only measured in numbers, and science can state nothing more about a color other than its numerical value. The physical evidence of light is said to establishe its wave length and intensity. It takes the human eye to translate these numerical values into the miraculous experience of color.

Along with the recognition of light`s being an active force, the synchronous folds of the Enfolding Universe give rise to the underlying basis for the perception of color: It is various combinations and interrelations between forces that give rise to the perception of color. These forces necessarily include as essential features the retina of the eye and the human brain. The perception of the color of an object and its being registered in the brain, thereby giving rise to vision, is instantaneous and synchronous, even though the ramification of the object being observed would require time for the mental acceptance and appreciation of the observed object. The perception of the color of the body is a part of the synchronous field within which the body is manifested. What scientists treat as the wave length of a color is not the color itself. The wave length is necessarily a product of color as an active force and that which arises as a result of color as an active force should not be confused with color itself.

There is no evidence that the colors we ordinarily perceive are Newtonian prismatic colors. The results of experiments of Dr. Land is consistent with the the Enfolding Universe based upon synchronous folds, with only the relations among centrifigal and centripetal forces giving to the perception of colors. See the discussion later on in this article on the experiments of Dr. Land.

People differ substantially in their sense of color perception. It is more generally recognized that persons differ in their taste of food or in their hearing of the tones of music. Some persons seem unaware of colors; and the full perception of the feel and taste of colors probably requires not only innate ability but also training and the dedication of the artist.

Goethe established the autonomy of the color experience in his color wheel in which the spectrum was arranged as a ring, thereby demonstrating that the two former ends, exhibiting totally different wave lengths, were visually close together, with purple that has no wave length serving as the same fluid transition as other colors do. The color wheel has neither beginning nor end.

Goethe not recognizing that color perception was a result of active force was puzzled by his realization that the wheel closes between red and violet in purple, the only color that lacks a specific wave length and that thereby arises only in the eye. However, all colors arise only in the eye, with the eye being an essential part of the phenomenology of color perception. No color is a result of wave length.

Instead of recognizing color perception as a factor of the interrelations among centripetal and centrifugal forces, contemporary science treat color perception as being associated with the various wavelengths on the visible portion of the electromagnetic spectrum. Thus, although color is clearly not wavelength, color is identified with wavelength, with analyses being based upon wavelength.

Color specification today uses a technique termed colorimetry under which scientific measurements are based on the wavelengths of three addictive primary colors, red, blue, and green. White light is said to be composed of wavelengths that are evenly distributed from 35 to 75 millionths of a centimeter (or about 14 to 30 millionths of an inch). When the intensity of these vibrations is strong, the light is white, when the intensity is less, the light is grey, and when the intensity is zero, the light is nonexistent or black. What scientists treat as wavelength specification and intensity is actually a feature of the number of interelated forces and their intensity.

Light composed of vibrations of a single wavelength in the visible portion of the spectrum is treated as being qualitatively different from light of another wavelength. These qualitative differences are not really a function of wavelength but of the numerical value of patterns of interrelated forces. Light with a wavelength of 0.000075 cm (or 0.000030 in) is said to be perceived as red, and light of 0.000035 cm (or 0.000014 in) is said to be perceived as violet. The word said is used for the reason that experiments in color perception by Dr. Edwin Herbert Land, who inventor of the Polaroid Land camera, cast doubt on the presupposition that that the color we see correspond to the theoretical assumptions underlying color perception as being based on Spectral wavelength. Under these theoretical presuppositions, the quality of intermediate wavelengths is perceived as blue, green, yellow, or orange, going from the wavelength of violet to that of red.

A pure spectral color or hue is said to be the color of a single band or a small band of wavelengths. These pure colors are said to be fully saturated and are seldon seen outside of the laboratory, with the exception of light from sodium vapor lamps used on some highways that is almost fully saturated spectral yellow. The colors we see every day, however, are said to be mixtures of colors of various wavelengths. But the colors we see every day might not be spectral colors at all. In experiments by Edwin Land, when images within the frequency of the color green were projected upon a screen, nearly all colors were seen, including colors within the frequency of red, blue, green, and yellow. This result would be anticipated by the Unified Theory. As long as a given relationship exists among centripetal and centrifugal forces all colors should be experienced. There is no reason to identify a particular color with particular composite of centripetal and centrifugal forces.

The contemporary theory of color perception recognizes that the human eye is not a machine and that the same color perception can be produced by different physical stimuli. For example, a mixture of red and green light of the proper intensities would be perceived exactly the same as spectral yellow, although it does not contain light of the wavelength of yellow. It is recognized that any color sensation can be effectuated by mixing various quantities of red, blue, and green, which are known as additive primary colors. If light from these primary colors are added together in equal intensities, the sensation of white light is produced. There are also pairs of pure spectral colors, known as complementary colors, that if mixed additively together will produce the sensation of white light. Spectral colors are highly organized patterns of centripetal and centrifugal forces whose manifestation is dependent upon their particular arrangement together. In ordinary experience, as shown by the experiments of Dr. Land, the colors we see are probably not spectral colors or even mixtures of spectral colors, but are colors seen when forces are within a particular range from one another.

Colors that are said to absorb light of the additive colors are known as subtractive primary colors. These colors are red, which is said to absorb green, yellow, which is said to absorb blue, and blue, which is said to absorb red. The absorption theory is apparent only and is a result the presupposition that light is a form of radiant energy and not an active force. It is true that if a green light is shown on a red pigment, the eye will perceive black. Black is perceived as a result of the interference between forces that results in negating their operation as forces.

Another name for subtractive primary colors is pigment primaries. Nearly any hue can be reached by mixing together in varying anounts the pigment primary colors. If all three are mixed together in about equal amounts, they will produce black. Subtractive primaries are used effectively in magazines where red, yellow, black, and bkue inks are used successively to create natural colors.

Edwin Herbert Land, the American physicist and inventor of the Poloroid Land camera, showed that color vision depends upon upon what he treated as a balance between longer and shorter wavelengths of light. The actual balance was between centripetal and centrifugal forces that were identified with varying wavelengths. Dr. Land photographed the same scene on two pieces of black-and-white film under red ilumination for long wavelengths and under green illumination for short wavelengths. When both transparencies were projected upon the same screen, within the frequency range of green, with a redlight in one projector and a green light in the other, a full-color reproduction appeared. When white light was used in one of the projectors, the same phenomenon occurred. When the color lights in the projectors were reversed, the same scene appeared in complementary colors.

Although contemporary theory treat most color perception as being based upon absorption, scientists do recognize that color perception is produced in ways other than by absrption. The colors of soap bubbles and of mother-of-pearl are said to be caused by interference. The different colors of crystals when light is passed through them at different angles is a phenomenon known as pleochroism. Some substances show different colors by transmitted and so=called reflected light. By transmitted light a very thin sheet of gold appears green.The brilliance of some gems, such as the diamond, arises from the dispersion of white light into its component spectral hues, as in a prism. When illuminated by light of one hue, some substances are said to absorb this light and radiate light of a different hue, always of a different wavelength. All of these color sensations are a result of active forces arises from the interrelation of forces that include substances, the retina of the eye, and the brain as essential ingredients. Color sensation does not arise from wavelengths of radiate energy, and wavelengths associated with forces should not be confused with the forces themselves.

©Wilson Ogg