Notes from:
11/9/2000
Notes: November 9, 2000
***NOTE: Accent marks are not on the letters. ***
Ang prase ng sa ngayong araw: (The phrase of the day:)
Array ko! (Ouch!)
Bokabularyo: (Vocabulary:) COMMON EXPRESSIONS
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UM and MAG- VERBS
UM and MAG- verbs are the equivalent to action verbs in English. These describe what someone or something is DOING. They are used to emphasize to doer of the action or act itself. These verbs can be used in sentences with objects and predicates, but it is not necessary to get the meaning across. (EXAMPLE: Kumakain - Someone or something is eating. To clarify you can add objects and predicates: Kumakain si Juan ng kanin. - Juan is eating rice.)
Some verb roots only occur with um or only with mag-. However, when both forms are present, the mag- form is used to show the frequency and intensity of the action.
The conjugations are slightly different when the root begins with a vowel as opposed to a consonant so both will be shown....
UM CONJUGATION
With vowel-initial root (using alis as a root...umalis = to leave) **UM is used as a prefix**
| Tense | Verb Conjugation | Rule | Example |
| Infinitive | umalis | um + root (um + alis) | --- |
| Imperative | umalis | prefix + root (um + alis) | Umalis ka na! (Leave now!) |
| Past | umalis | prefix + root (um + alis) | Umalis na sila! (They have left!) |
| Present | umaalis | prefix + 1st syllable duplicated (um + a + alis) | Umaalis na si Lizza. (Lizza is leaving.) |
| Future | aalis | 1st syllable of root is duplicated (a + alis) | Aalis na ako. (I am going to be leaving.) |
With consonant-nitial root (using luto as a sulat...sumulat = to write) **UM is used as an infix**
| Tense | Verb Conjugation | Rule | Example |
| Infinitive | sumulat | first letter + infix + rest of root (s + um + ulat) | --- |
| Imperative | sumulat | first letter + infix + rest of root (s + um + ulat) | Sumulat ka sa ninang mo! (Write to your godmother!) |
| Past | sumulat | first letter + infix + rest of root (s + um + ulat) | Sumulat na ako sa ninang ko. (I already wrote to my godmother.) |
| Present | sumusulat | first letter + infix + repeat 1st syllable of root + drop first vowel + rest of root (s + um + su + lat) | Sumusulat si Debbie. (Debbie is writing.) |
| Future | susulat | 1st syllable repeated + root (su + sulat) | Susulat ako ng libro. (I will write a book.) |
MAG- CONJUGATION
With vowel-initial root (using aral as a root...mag-aral = to study) **MAG is used as an prefix**
| Tense | Verb Conjugation | Rule | Example |
| Infinitive | mag-aral | prefix + hyphen + root (mag + - + aral) | --- |
| Imperative | mag-aral | prefix + hyphen + root (mag + - + aral) | Mag-aral ka na para sa examen mo! (Go study for your exam!) |
| Past | nag-aral | change mag- to nag- + hyphen + root (nag + - + aral) | Nag-aral si Kevin ng biyolohiya. (Kevin studied biology.) |
| Present | nag-aaral | change mag- to nag- + hyphen + repeat 1st syllable + root (nag + - + a + aral) | Nag-aaral si Brandon ng Calculus. (Brandon is studying Calculus.) |
| Future | mag-aaral | prefix + hyphen + repeat 1st syllable + root (mag + - + a+ aral) | Mag-aaral ako ng istorya. (I will study history.) |
With consonant-initial root (using luto as a root...magluto = to cook) **MAG is used as an prefix**
| Tense | Verb Conjugation | Rule | Example |
| Infinitive | magluto | prefix + root | --- |
| Imperative | magluto | prefix + root | Magluto ka ng kanin! (Cook some rice!) |
| Past | nagluto | change mag- to nag- + root (nag + luto) | Nagluto na ako ng kanin. (I already cooked rice.) |
| Present | nagluluto | change mag- to nag- + repeat 1st syllable + root (nag + lu + luto) | Nagluluto ang ina ko. (My mother is cooking.) |
| Future | magluluto | prefix + repeat 1st syllable + root (mag + lu + luto) | Magluluto ako ng kanin mamaya. (I will cook rice later.) |
***If there are any corrections to be made to this page, please email me.
Last Updated: Saturday, December 16, 2000 04:01:25 AM