物理 太玄
化學 什麼東西
數學 抽象
學 study
思 thought, idea, opinion
天 sky
地 ground
海 sea
頂天立地
匪夷所思
一 one 二三四五六七八九十
起 rise, stand up; go up; begin
書者幾何度量衡制度單位知
左 乎 右 乎
有無沒出處
世 丕 且 丘 主 主 乍 乏 以 付 仔 仕 他 仗 令 仙
仞 充 兄 冉 冊 冬 凹 出 凸 刊 仟 半 卉 卡 佔 卯 卮 去 可 卮 右 召 叮 叩 叨 叼 司
叵 叫 另 只 史 叱 臺 句 叭分
大夫播種物理化學了
師失獅實時石始史世事市式識士
司思絲
生聲升浮符負正毛澤東岸青新宇
一二三四五六七八九十零
甲乙丙丁戊己庚辛癸壬
子丑寅卯辰巳午未申酉戌亥
尺度丈量物質衡量重力加速度
重力 電磁場 科學
原理 定律 定理 道可道 非常道
一、 變易維新，与時俱進
地球有人的歷史就有民族史，為什么有些民族中途夭折無史可循，而中華民族
能夠長壽不衰，獲得古老的美名。鄙人認為：中華民族的古老是因為她精神時
新，中華民族時時都是全新的民族，所以壽命不可限量，上下五千年，不過是
中華民族壽命海洋里的一束浪花。因此，“變易維新，与時俱進”應居中華民
族精神之首。
“變易維新，与時俱進”在中華文化典籍中無處不在。《易》經在第一卦乾卦
中說：“乾元用九，天下治也。見龍在田，天下文明。終日乾乾，与時偕行。”
易的意思就是變，“与時俱進”就語出《易》經。乾的意思也是行与變動。与
“与時俱進”相反的是“堅”与“持”，《道德經》說：“堅強者死之徒，柔
弱者生之徒。”“持而盈之，不如其已；揣而銳之，不可長保。”變易則生，
“堅”、“持”則死。“与時俱進”必須革故鼎新。“湯武革命，順乎天而應
乎人，革之時義大矣哉！”（《易》），“周雖舊邦，其命維新”，“苟日新，
日日新，又日新。”“作新民”（《中庸》）中華民族要革掉新舊教條主義的
禍害，弘揚民族精神，還有許多事情要做。革故鼎新就是認祖歸宗，不存在背
叛之談，“堅”、“持”才是叛族害民。
二、 天人合一，自然玄同
民族精神同時也是民族理想和民族求生處世之方法。如前所述，道教以天地設
喻，与万物求同，天人合一是其最大理想；“齊有無，齊生死，齊善惡，齊万
物”，“天下一指，万物一馬”，自然玄同、肯定再肯定是中華民族立身處世
之基本方法。道德經第一章就把世上最基本的兩個命題“無、有”等同起來，
指出“自然玄同、肯定再肯定”是認識世界的基本方法，是推動世界發展的
“眾妙之門”：“此兩者，同出而异名，同謂之玄；玄之又玄，眾妙之門。”
玄的意思就是同。中華民族越做越強的加法——“自然玄同、肯定再肯定”与
西方現代哲學越做越弱的減法——“唯物辨證，否定之否定”不相同吧？
三、 自由自強，威武不屈
“天行健，君子以自強不息”，中華民族的自由自強精神浸透每一個人的靈魂，
由此民才成族，由此族才建國，由此國才統領世界，成為大國。自強不息的精
神就是一种最徹底的自由主義精神，對于一個已經齊了生死的民族來說，絕對
沒有什么東西能夠征服她，使其屈服。“吾所以有大患者，為吾有身。及吾無
身，吾有何患？”（《道德經》），真可謂一針見血。“民不畏死，奈何以死
懼之？”，正因為每一個中國人都有“富貴不能淫，貧賤不能移，威武不能屈”
的民族气節，中華民族才拋棄了對內對外的全部暴力行為，最后以文化征服征
服者，得以長存。再次告誡世人，任何暴力侵略中國，暴力統治中國的幻想，
都會在中華民族面前碰得頭破血流。
四、 侯王處下，民為國本，人為神本
“邦畿千里，惟民所止。”新中國一建立，絲毫不用任何說教，“為人民服務”
的思想就傳遍大江南北，為什么？因為中華民族早在几千年前就理順了民与國
的關系，并且把它深化為民与王的關系。《道德經》云：“貴以賤為本，高以
下為基；是以侯王自謂孤、寡、不谷。”侯王處上必亂，必失其王位；而一心
為民服務解亂，受國之不詳者，必王。“受國之垢，是謂社稷主；受國之不祥，
是為天下王。”稍加說明，它就比當代最先進的憲政理念還要先進。侯王處上，
搶功耍權，作威作福，國之賊；侯王處下，為民服務，万眾一心，國之福。世
界很多動亂都是國与民、王侯与民眾的關系倒置，上層表功、邀功、搶功，要
去運動民眾、指揮民眾、教育民眾、管理民眾、領導民眾所致。
与民本思想處理國家難題類似的，還有人本思想處理宗教、哲學、科學難題，
正如我國學者指出，在古代“重人輕神的人本主義思潮，重民輕君的民本主義
思潮，反對分裂、崇尚統一的愛國主義思潮，反對戰爭、倡導和平的人道主義
思潮”是中華民族精神的体現 。中國有宗教，但中國宗教的目的不是要人去崇
拜神，而是以道率神，讓神為人服務。神為人之使者，甚至人自身也可以肉体
成圣成神的傳說在中國最為常見。“以道蒞天下，其鬼不神；非其鬼不神，其
神不傷人”，這里的神，可以看作一切不熟悉的力量。只要以人為本，各循其
道，一切未知力量、理論、技術都不會害人。
五、 道佐人主，愛好和平
民不可無力气，國不可無武器。清朝不懂這一點，所以招致禍患；但是，力气
与武器都只是道之花，關鍵還是道。“以道佐人主者，不以兵強天下。”外國
不了解這一點，害怕中國強大，完全是一种誤解。道教与基督教、中國文化和
美國文化、自然民本与自由民主、中華民族与英美民族是一樣的底蘊，越強大
越是世界穩定和進步的力量，絕對不會象德俄法意日一樣謀取霸權，危害世界。
六、 戰胜哀處，恬淡為上
對于戰爭，德俄文化以胜利為榮，以戰敗為恥，戰俘回家受“貪生怕死”指責、
遭審查是家常便飯。中華文化与英美文化不一樣，“胜敗乃兵家常事”，“戰
俘回家是英雄，而胜者亦不武”才是正宗的中國人与英美人。理由何在？“夫
兵者，不祥之器，物或惡之，故有道者不處。君子居則貴左，用兵則貴右。兵
者不祥之器，非君子之器，不得已而用之，恬淡為上，胜而不美。而美之者，
是樂殺人；夫樂殺人者，不可以得志于天下矣。吉事尚左，凶事尚右；偏將軍
居左，上將軍居右；言以喪禮處之。殺人之眾，以悲哀蒞之，戰胜以喪禮處
之。”
不以胜為武的民族是不可戰胜的。他們的士兵最勇敢，因為士兵不為胜而戰，
為去戰而戰；不為財而戰，為自由民主而戰；不為霸而戰，為正義而戰。世界
戰爭史上，其他國家逢中美必敗，而中美遭遇戰最慘烈 ，最后只能講和，原因
也在于此。現在有些中國人受德俄哲學的影響，處上而忘卻死者，長期宣揚軍
功，對歸隊戰俘橫加指責，少有人性，完全不象中國人了。
七、 海納百川，厚德載物
“君子善人，故無棄人；善物，故無棄物。”道家思想，修身則身泰，齊家則
家旺，治國則國盛，施于天下則可得天下一統，万世太平。“地道坤，君子以
厚德載物”，“大道泛兮，其可左右”。任何与中華民族交往的民族最后都會
被其齊天下，等善惡，海納百川，厚德載物的磅礡气勢所感染。
八、 万物并作，吾以觀复
施道必得繁盛，如何處理万物并作又是一個難題。“其行足以亂國，其言足以
惑眾”，儒家与德俄哲學主張殺，“否定之否定”；道家主張觀，“肯定再肯
定”，“万物并作，吾以觀复”。故道家的繁盛沒有終點，儒家的殺法衰于絕
人者必自絕。民富了，有人要吃千万元一頓的飯，隨他去，總會各取所需、自
生自滅，不會頓頓如此、人人這樣。有人又要搞同性戀，當變性人，隨他去，
總會各得其所、相得益彰，不會人人如此、個個這樣。至于人為指責，用殺法，
那簡直是違背天道，越俎代庖，自傷手足。“常有司殺者殺：夫代司殺者殺，
是謂代大匠斫，夫代大匠斫者，希有不傷其手矣。”這就是真正的中華民族子
孫對待异己事件的態度。
九、 絕學無懮，身上天下
道家思想与中華民族精神，最難理解的部分是絕學無懮，但歷史恰恰證明絕學
無懮是正确的。中世紀的黑暗起于神學，中國王朝的衰落始于儒術，法西斯主
義、軍國主義、國家計划經濟体制起于黑格爾學說与現代哲學、現代經濟學。
英美文化不求形而上之學，沒有理論家、思想家，所以免于災難。因此，老子
的“絕學”其實就是反教條，反對從故紙堆里找教條，反對排斥异己，反對壓
制自由。
那么，不翻故紙堆，不循教條，如何体天道，求發展呢？英美文化說，怎么實
用怎么搞。中華文化說：“不出戶，知天下；不窺牖，見天道。”天道自在人
心，体己則可了物。“貴以身治天下，可以寄天下，愛以身治天下，所以託天
下矣。”以己身之欲求至于人，可知“從欲而治，天下風動”之真理；可知
“執大象，天下往；往而不害，安平泰。樂与餌，過客止”之天法。九九歸一，
排除教條還是變；“白貓黑貓，抓到老鼠就是好貓”，實用就是真理，中美還
是一致的。
unthinkable; outrageous ideas; bizarre thoughts
It had been assumed earlier that the new baryons from doublets like the nucleons
and that the K-mesons form triplets like the pi-mesons. Gell-Mann made the
fundamental
new assumption that the new baryons instead form a singlet, a triplet and a doublet,
the latter being different from the nucleon doublet, and that the new mesons form two
kinds of doublets, one consisting of the antiparticles of the other. Gell-Mann assumed
further that the principle of charge-independence was generally valid for strong
interactions. He could thereby explain the mysterious properties of the new particles.
He introduced a new fundamental characteristic of a multiplet called its hypercharge.
This is defined as twice the mean value of the charges in the multiplet. Gell-Mann's
proposed the new rule: Elementary particles can be transformed in others by the strong
and the electromagnetic interactions only if the total hypercharge is conserved. This
rule reminds of the law of conservation of the electric charge. It should be remarked
that Gell-Mann initially used instead of the hypercharge a closely related number called
the strangeness.
This discovery by Gell-Mann was admirable considering in particular the very meagre
experimental material available to him. In the predicted baryon multiplets there occurred
empty places. Gell-Mann could on this ground predict two new baryons. One of them
was
soon discovered but the other not until six years later.
This classification of the elementary particles and their interaction discovered by
Gell-Mann has turned out to applicable to all strongly interacting particles found later
and these are practically all particles discovered after 1953. His discovery is therefore
fundamental in elementary particle physics.
It should be added that two Japanese physicists, Nakano and Nishijima, published a
similar
classification some months later than Gell-Mann.
Many theoretical physicists tried during the following years to find new symmetries
which
should give relations between the particle multiplets. Initiated by Sakata a series of
papers were published in particular by Japanese physicists. They indicated that a
certain
kind of symmetry could be of interest. Gell-Mann showed in a new fundamentally
important
paper of 1961 that this symmetry which had since long been studied in pure
mathematics
could be used for the classification of all strongly interacting particles. Assuming
the validity of the new symmetry which includes the symmetry corresponding to charge-
independence, Gell-Mann found that his earlier multiplets could be brought together
into
larger groups called supermultiplets each containing all baryons or all mesons which
have
the same spin and the same parity, i. e. have the same measure for their rotation
around
their axes and are transformed in the same way by reflections. Gell-Mann called this
classification "The Eightfold Way". The nucleons were found to belong to a
supermultiplet
of eight particles i.e. an octet. For the mesons an octet was proposed were the pi- and
K-mesons filled seven places. Because one place was empty a new meson was
predicted. Its
existence had been suspected already by some of the Japanese physicists mentioned
above.
It was soon discovered which meant that Gell-Mann's theory was strongly supported.
Still
more famous is Gell-Mann's prediction in 1962 of a new baryon called omega minus.
A similar classification was proposed by Y. N𤐵man somewhat later than Gell-Mann.
Gell-Mann has also found that "The Eightfold Way" can be described very simply by
assuming
that all particles which interact strongly with each other are composed of only three
kinds
of particles which he called quarks and of the corresponding antiparticles. The quarks
are
peculiar in particular because their charges are fractions of the proton charge which
according to all experience up to now is the indivisible elementary charge. It has not yet
been possible to find individual quarks although they have been eagerly looked for.
Gell-Mann's idea is none the less of great heuristic value.
And interesting application of "The Eightfold Way" is the so-called current algebra which
was founded by Gell-Mann. It has e.g. made evident that there are important
connections
between the different kinds of elementary particle interactions.
Gell-Mann has given many fundamental contributions to the theory of ele mentary
particles
besides those which have been mentioned here. He has during more than a decade
been
considered as the leading scientist in this field.
Professor Gell-Mann. You have given fundamental contributions to our knowledge of
mesons
and baryons and their interactions. You have developed new algebraic methods which
have
led to a far-reaching classification of these particles according to their symmetry
properties. The methods introduced by you are among the most powerful tools for
further
research in particle physics.
Hi, Same Study wise people,
As I read some lectures, I get to know
the light speed is not constant.
Please let me know it.
Any hint to investigae (𤐵) (finish)澈
My Hotmail sometimes get virus. so I do not use
hotmail account. I will spend some summer holiday
enjoy life!
-more later-
Best Regards,
little brother, wuhow
2005 8/29 14:05 PDT
Daniel Yu :
Regarding gravitational force, only the weight counts.
Any findings and comments?
Daniel
這 好 那 好 烹(pang) 煮(ju) 炒 (chau) 燉(dong) 煎(fry) 蒸(steam) 好!