| Chapter 4 Memory is not a box where we store information passively Atkinson and Shiffrin 3-store model Sensory memory => transduction Working memory => limited capacity Long-term memory => information already stored influences present judgments Effects of leading questions: Loftus and Palmer (1974) Memory is integrative Heuristics: rules of thumb that are easy/automatic and work well enough most of the time Algorithms: precise rules that guarantee right answer if followed; controlled and demanding Common events are easier to remember and imagine than are uncommon events Rely on ease of retrieval to make frequency judgments => availability heuristic Effects of media: Usually vivid, salient, emotionally charged information Flashbulb memories Weird coincidences more memorable Personal communication/example more memorable |
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