Review 1

Chapter 1:
1. Describe factors that sparked the emergence of the lifespan perspective, and explain the four assumptions that make up this point of view.
2. Trace historical influences on modern theories of human development, from medieval times through the early twentieth century.
3. Describe three research designs for studying development, citing the strengths and limitations of each.
4. Discuss special ethical concerns in lifespan research.

Chapter 2:
1. Describe the relationship between phenotype and genotype.
2. Describe basic patterns of genetic inheritance.
3. Discuss reproductive options available to prospective parents and the controversies related to them.
4. Describe family functioning from the perspective of ecological systems theory, including direct and indirect influences and the family as a dynamic, changing system.
5. Discuss the impact of socioeconomic status and poverty on family functioning.
6. Summarize the roles of neighborhoods, towns, and cities in lives of children and adults.
7. Explain how cultural values and political and economic conditions affect human development.
8. Describe and evaluate methods researchers use to determine "how much" heredity and environment influence complex human characteristics.
9. Describe concepts that indicate "how" heredity and environment work together to influence complex human characteristics.

Chapter 3:

1. List the three phases of prenatal development, and describe major milestones of each.
2. List agents known or suspected of being teratogens, and discuss evidence supporting the harmful impact of each.
3. List the advantages and disadvantages of giving birth in a hospital, birth center, and home, and describe any benefits and concerns associated with natural childbirth and home delivery.
4. Describe circumstances that justify use of fetal monitoring, labor and delivery medication, and cesarean delivery, and explain any risks associated with each.
5. Discuss risks associated low birth weight, and cite factors that can help infants who survive a traumatic birth develop.
6. Name and describe major newborn reflexes, noting their functions and the importance of assessing them.