| Chapter 11: Thinking Algorithms: lead to right answer but time and resource consumming Heuristics: economical rule of thumb that works well enough often enough Representativeness heuristic: infer that an object shares the characteristics of its category Basis for stereotypes Ignore base rates: gambler's fallacy Ignore sample size: law of small numbers: incorrectly assume that small sample is as representative as a large one Useful for categorization and implicit learning. Simulation heuristic: how easy it is to imagine an alternative outcome to an event Undoing heuristic: mainly based on downhill changes that normalize the story Focus rule Hindsight bias: what just happened is perceived as predictable, very likely to have happened Easiest to imagine Makes other outcome seem less likely |