Chapter 3: Sensation and Perception Kinesthesia: information about the relative position of body parts, based on receptors in joints and muscles. Vestibular sense: information about balance. Methods in psychophysics:      Method of limits: alternate series of ascending trials and descending trials to find thresholds; take the average one.           Errors of habituation: sensory adaptation.           Errors of anticipation: effect of expectation.      Staircase method: alternate ascending and descending trials based on participant's responses.      Method of constant stimuli: random presentation of intensities; take average based on responses. Subliminal perception: has been shown only under very strict laboratory conditions. Placebo effect: beliefs about the effect of a drug can have powerful effects on our physiology.