A challenge to the "Geocentric" in Italian Renaissance says that man is not the center of the universe. Euclid found the "Ellipse", which says the sun is not going around the earth with a perfect circle.
Francis Bacon died in a cold weather while experiencing the relation between a body temperature and the ice.
Des Da Carde died in a cold weather while visiting the grant daughter of Christopher Catherine in Swiss. Later, Catherine went to Italy and converted herself into Catholic, by which decision she ends herself with malreputation.
Galili Galileo found the "Sun Spots" and was offended by Pope that his discovery was assert and mutual, he died in prison in 1642, the same year Isaac Newton was born.
Isaac Newton wrote the complexity of Physics: the law of movement, the law of gravity, the amount of atoms changes not. He wisely honored his knowledge were the copies from the scientists that I have listed above. Edison who created the bubble light honored Isaac Newton that Newton is his teacher.
Philosophe in the 18th Century
John Locke was a physician in the king's house by a time the Levi's pamphlets had circulated in the English society for a while. Charles II was resigned. In 1685, when a Catholic king, James II, came to the throne, James II was suspected to be a hatful tyrant; and he was resigned and died out side of England, known as the Glorious Revolution in 1688. A time when the power of the absolute monarch reached to a high in France. The circulation of Levi's pamphlet mainly was target at Louis XIV, a fear that the kings of England will obtain the absolute power and tyranny over the civilians in English society. Based on such a feeling of anti-monarch, John Lock says it is wrong to kill a king, but when the king failed its duty to be a king (as a role of manager or mission), it is the right of the people to abolish his kingship. John Locke also wrote about the rights of life, liberty, and property; and, it later became an important idea in American Declaration of Independence by Thomas Jefferson. A greater influence of John Locke is continued to be an important idea in the late 20th century among the British colonies overseas.
Montesquieu died in 1753 when his book the Law of Spirit was publish. He thinks that the children can not be doing wrong, but the laws were wrongfully made. He wrote the book in a time when several revolts had increasingly rose up in the French society dramatically.
John Encyclopedia wrote Encyclopedia, 35 volumes with topics of various subjects; Encyclopedia circulated in saloons where women had their hair cut, the majority of the readers were the women of the working class, which shows to the public that women were not necessary to be illiteracy at a time background that only the nobility can afford to read the books and most of the books in European were published in Paris.
John Russue upheld the rights of the children. He thinks a protection to the rights of children was very important. He himself does not trust anybody, not even his mommy. He in favor to the rights of the union than to the powers of boss. He made a living by selling music when he was 16-years-old. He fallen in love with an uneducated woman when he was 40-years-old. Despise his mommy's opposing to his woman, he ran away with his woman anyway. The woman gave him 10 children. I think, he is the best philosphe I know in concerning to the human rights in European history.
Other philosphe, talking about the international trades and others, had enlighten the people in France to a way of prosperity; and, unavoidably throughout the civilian disobedience in the late 18th century and the wars and diplomacy in the early 19th century. In short, the enlightenment really comes from the scientists and philosophers in English society: among them, Galili Galileo and John Locke were the chief.