• Chain of Human Resources That Form EMS
• How the Public Activates the EMS System
• Roles & Responsibilities of the EMT-B
• Process of EMS Quality Improvement

• 1790 French Army
• From Battlefields to Doctors
• American Civil War
• Clara Barton
• American Red Cross
• Wars Advance Emergency Care

• National Highway Safety Act – 1966
• U.S. DOT
• Developed Standards
• Assists States
• 1970’s National Registry of EMT’s

• States are in Control
• Their EMS System
• Feds Provide Guidance
• Technical Assistance Program
• Set of Standards

• Regulation & Policy
• Laws that allow EMS
• Lead EMS Agency
• Funding Mechanism
• Regulation
• Policies/Procedures

• Human Resources
• EMT’s in Ambulance
• Minimum
• Standard Curriculum
• Qualified Instructors

• Resource Management
• Equal Access to Personnel & Equip.
• Facilities
• Timely Manner
• Closest Appropriate

• Transportation
• Safety/Reliability
• Ambulance
• Helicopter
• Air Plane
• Communications
• 911 Access
• Radio

• Public Education
• Role
• Access
• Prevention
• Medical Direction
• Physician
• Accountable for the EMT
• Delegates Medical Practice to the EMT

• Trauma Systems
• Legislation to Develop Trauma Systems
• Trauma Centers
• Triage/Transfer Guideline
• Rehab
• Data Collection
• Autopsies
• Quality Assurance

• Evaluation of EMS
• State Evaluation
• Improve Effectiveness
• Quality Improvement
• Quality Assurance
• Total Quality Management (TQM)

COMPONENTS of EMS

• Prehospital Care
• This Will Be You
• Emergency Departments
• Doctors
• Nurses
• Other Healthcare Professionals
• Ancillary Personnel

COMPONENTS of EMS

• Specialty Facilities
• Trauma centers
• Burn centers
• Pediatric centers
• Poison control centers
• Other specialty centers

ACCESSING the EMS SYSTEM

• 911
• Easy to Remember
• Easy to Feel (Sight Impaired)
• Westmoreland County
• Enhanced Capabilities
• Prearrival Instruction
• Communities Without 911

LIASON WITH PUBLIC SAFETY

• Police
• Local, State, Federal
• Fire / Rescue
• Paramedic Response Units
• Plant Security
• Haz-Mat Teams
• Utility Company Officials

LEVELS of EMS TRAINING

• First Responder
• EMT – Basic
• EMT – Intermediate (not in PA)
• EMT – Paramedic
• PA Certification Required
• This Class is NOT a National Registry Class
• Paramedics are National Registry and PA Certified

ROLES & RESPONSIBILITIES of the EMT

• Personal safety
• Safety of crew, patient, and bystanders
• Patient assessment
• Patient care

• Lifting and moving patients safely
• Transport/transfer of care
• Record-keeping/ data collection
• Patient advocacy

PROFESSIONAL ATTRIBUTES

• Appearance
• Keeps knowledge and skills up to date
• Puts patient’s needs as a priority without endangering self

• Maintains current knowledge of local, state, and national issues affecting EMS

• A system of internal/external reviews and audits of all aspects of an EMS system so as to identify those aspects needing improvement to assure that the public receives the highest quality of prehospital care.

• Documentation
• Trip Reports
• Incident Reports
• Reviews & Audits
• Times
• Meds
• Type of Complaint

• Feedback
• Doctors
• Nurses
• Patients
• Con – Ed
• Skills Lab / Review

• Routine Maintenance
• Vehicle
• Equipment
• Rig Checks
• Insure Equipment is Present & Working

• Physician
• Responsible for Clinical & Patient Care Aspects
• Every EMS System Must Have MD Director
• Responsible for Reviewing QA/QI

• Medical Direction

• On Line
• Radio
• Telephone
• Off Line
• Standing Orders
• Protocols

• Designated agent of the physician.
• Care rendered is considered an extension of the medical director’s authority (varies by state law).