This is part 9 of a number
of facts associated with THANKSGIVING. This is an all American holiday. Although the US
and Canada celebrate the day on different dates, the purpose is the same. |
Part 9Establishing The Date:
President Washington again proclaimed
a National Thanksgiving
in 1795. John Adams declared Thanksgivings in 1798 and 1799, while James Madison declared
the holiday twice in 1815; none of these were celebrated in the autumn. After 1815, there
were no further national Thanksgivings until the Civil War.
The New England states continued to declare annual
Thanksgivings (usually in November, although not always on the same day), and eventually
most of the other states also had independent observations of the holiday. New Englanders
during the great westward migration took 'their' holiday with them everywhere they
settled. Thanksgiving was adopted first in the Northeast and in the Northwest Territory,
then by the middle and western states. In 1817 New York State adopted Thanksgiving Day as
an annual custom. By the middle of the 19th century many other states, including the
southern states, had done the same.
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Lincoln declared the first of our modern series of annual Thanksgiving holidays for
the last Thursday in November, 1863. Lincoln had previously declared national
Thanksgivings for April, 1862, and again for August 6, 1863. The southern states had
independently declared a Thanksgivings of their own. His declaration appears below.
It is the duty of nations as well as of men to
own their dependence upon the overruling power of God; to confess their sins and
transgressions in humble sorrow, yet with assured hope that genuine repentance will lead
to mercy and pardon; and to recognize the sublime truth, announced in the Holy Scriptures
and proven by all history, that those nations are blessed whose God is the Lord.
We know that by His divine law, nations, like individuals, are subjected to punishments
and chastisements in this world. May we not justly fear that the awful calamity of civil
war which now desolates the land may be a punishment inflicted upon us for our
presumptuous sins, to the needful end of our national reformation as a whole people?
We have been the recipients of the choicest bounties of heaven; we have been preserved
these many years in peace and prosperity; we have grown in numbers, wealth and power as no
other nation has ever grown.
But we have forgotten God. We have forgotten the gracious hand which preserved us in peace
and multiplied and enriched and strengthened us, and we have vainly imagined, in the
deceitfulness of our hearts, that all these blessings were produced by some superior
wisdom and virtue of our own. Intoxicated with unbroken success, we have become too
self-sufficient to feel the necessity of redeeming and preserving grace, too proud to pray
to the God that made us.
It has seemed to me fit and proper that God should be solemnly, reverently and gratefully
acknowledged, as with one heart and one voice, by the whole American people. I do
therefore invite my fellow citizens in every part of the the United States, and also those
who are at sea and those who are sojourning in foreign lands, to set apart and observe the
last Thursday of November as a day of Thanksgiving and praise to our beneficent Father who
dwelleth in the heavens.
--Abraham Lincoln - October 3, 1863
Thanksgiving Proclamation of Abraham Lincoln October 3, 1863
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