Western Heritage (WH) Page numbers in italics are for the newer edition

Chapter 6: pp. 244-245; 229-230; pp. 251-254, 234-237 (Carolingian Manor, Feudal Society)

Chapter 7: pp. 263-273, 245-253 (The Investiture Struggle & The Crusades)

Chapter 8: pp. 294-302, 272-279 (Medieval Society)

Chapter 9: pp. 329-350, 309-329 (Hundred Years War, Black Death, Avignon Papacy and the Great Schism)

Questions – After reading the above selections from Western Heritage, respond to the following questions in one of two ways:

1. Choose any four questions to answer in writing, using proper spelling, grammar, and paragraph structure. You should incorporate the accompanying terms into your responses.
2. Respond to the remaining four questions by creating a graphic representation that effectively communicates your understanding of the topic. A graphic representation is a creative combination of text and images, and it may take many forms, including diagrams, cartoons, maps, dioramas, etc. Use your imagination!

1. Explain the mutual obligations that lords and their vassals owed to each other under feudalism. (Feudalism, Vassal, Benefice/Fief, Fealty, Scutage, Liege Lord)
2. Explain the mutual obligations that lords and their serfs owed to each other under manorialism. (Manorialism, Manor, Demesne, Lord, Freeman, Serf, 3-Field System, Fallow, Banalities)
3. Analyze the original purposes of the crusades, their outcomes, and their ultimate effects on European history. (Pope Urban II, plenary indulgence, Pope Innocent III, Albigensian Crusade, Fourth Crusade)
4. Explain the functions played by the clergy that gave them such a prominent role in medieval society. (Monk, Asceticism, Regular Clergy, Secular Clergy)
5. Analyze the causes, outcome, and effects of the Hundred Years War. (Edward III, Estates General, longbow, Jacquerie, Henry V, Burgundians, Joan of Arc)
6. Describe the causes of the Black Death and its impact on European history. (Bubonic Plague)
7. Explain the criticisms that John Wycliffe and John Huss leveled against the Catholic Church and the changes they sought to make in religious practices. (John Wycliffe, the Lollards, John Huss, heresy)
8. Discuss the conflict caused within the Catholic Church by the Avignon Papacy (or "Babylonian Conspiracy") and the Great Schism, and the conciliar movement’s attempts to resolve it. (Avignon, Babylonian Conspiracy, the Great Schism, the Council of Constance)

Study a map (or maps) of contemporary Europe and the Mediterranean basin and learn the locations of the following countries, cities, landforms, and bodies of water. It might seem overwhelming at first glance, but you are likely already familiar with most of these. Be prepared for a geography test during our first week of class.