Life in the 1500's -----

Anne Hathaway was the wife of William Shakespeare. She married at the

age of 26. This is really unusual for the time. Most people married

young, like at the age of 11 or 12. Life was not as romantic as we may

picture it. Here are some examples:

Anne Hathaway's home was a 3 bedroom house with a small parlor, which

was seldom used (only for company), kitchen, and no bathroom. Mother

and Father shared a bedroom. Anne had a queen sized bed, but did not sleep

alone. She also had 2 other sisters and they shared the bed also with

6 servant girls (this is before she married). They didn't sleep like we

do lengthwise, but all laid on the bed crosswise.

At least they had a bed. The other bedroom was shared by her 6

Brothers and 30 field workers. They didn't have a bed. Everyone just wrapped up in

their blanket and slept on the floor. They had no indoor heating so all the

extra bodies kept them warm.

They were also small people, the men only grew to be about 5'6" and the

women were 4'8". So, they had 27 people living in their house.

Most people got married in June. Why? They took their yearly bath in

May, so they were still smelling pretty good by June, although they were

starting to smell, so the brides would carry a bouquet of flowers to hide their

b.o. Like I said, they took their yearly bath in May, but it was just a big tub

That they would fill with hot water. The man of the house would get the privilege

Of the nice clean water. Then all the other sons and men, then the women and

finally the children. Last of all the babies. By then the water was pretty

thick. Thus, the saying, "don't throw the baby out with the bath water-" it was so

Dirty you could actually lose someone in it.

I'll describe their houses a little. You've heard of thatch roofs,

Well that's all they were--thick straw, piled high, with no wood underneath. They were

the only place for the little animals to get warm. So all the pets; dogs,

cats and other small animals, mice, rats, bugs, all lived in the roof. When it

rained it became slippery so sometimes the animals would slip and fall off the

roof. Thus the saying, "it's raining cats and dogs".

Since there was nothing to stop things from falling into the house they

would just try to clean up a lot. But this posed a real problem in the

bedroom where bugs and other droppings from animals could really mess up your nice

clean bed, so they found if they would make beds with big posts and hang a

sheet over the top it would prevent that problem. That's where those

beautiful big 4 poster beds with canopies came from.

When you came into the house you would notice most times that the floor

was dirt. Only the wealthy had something other than dirt, that's where

the saying "dirt poor" came from.

The wealthy would have slate floors. That was fine but in the winter

They would get slippery when they got wet. So they started to spread thresh on the

floor to help keep their footing. As the winter wore on they would just keep

adding it and adding it until when you opened the door it would all start slipping

outside. So they put a piece of wood at the entry way, a "thresh hold".

In the kitchen they would cook over the fire, they had a fireplace in

The kitchen/parlor, that was seldom used and sometimes in the master bedroom.

They had a big kettle that always hung over the fire and every day they

would light the fire and start adding things to the pot. Mostly they ate

vegetables, they didn't get much meat. They would eat the stew for dinner then

leave the leftovers in the pot to get cold overnight and then start over the next

day. Sometimes the stew would have food in it that had been in there for a

month!

Thus the rhyme: "pease porridge hot, pease porridge cold, pease Porridge in the pot

nine days old."

Sometimes they could get a hold on some pork. They really felt special

when that happened and when company came over they even had a rack in

the parlor where they would bring out some bacon and hang it to show it

off.

That was a sign of wealth and that a man "could really bring home the

bacon." They would cut off a little to share with guests and they

would all sit around and "chew the fat."

If you had money your plates were made out of pewter. Sometimes some of

their food had a high acid content and some of the lead would leach out

into the food. They really noticed it happened with tomatoes. So they

stopped eating tomatoes.....for 400 years.

Most people didn't have pewter plates though, they all had trenchers.

That was a piece of wood with the middle scooped out like a bowl. They never

washed their boards and a lot of times worms would get into the wood.

After eating off the trencher with worms they would get "trench mouth."

If you were going traveling and wanted to stay at an Inn they usually

provided the bed but not the board. The bread was divided according to status.

The workers would get the burnt bottom of the loaf, the family would get

The middle and guests would get the top, or the "upper crust".

They also had lead cups and when they would drink their ale or whiskey.

The combination would sometimes knock them out for a couple of days.

They would be walking along the road and here would be someone knocked

out and they thought they were dead. So they would pick them up and

take them home and get them ready to bury. They realized if they were too

slow about it, the person would wake up. Also, maybe not all of the people

they were burying were dead. So they would lay them out on the kitchen

table for a couple of days, the family would gather around and eat and drink and

wait and see if they would wake up. That's where the custom of holding a

"wake" came from.

Since England is so old and small they started running out of places to

bury people. So they started digging up some coffins and would take their

bones to a house and re-use the grave. They started opening these coffins

and found some had scratch marks on the inside. One out of 25 coffins were

that way and they realized they had still been burying people alive. So

they thought they would tie a string on their wrist and lead it through the

coffin and up through the ground and tie it to a bell. Someone would have to sit

out in the graveyard all night to listen for the bell. That is how the saying

"graveyard shift" was made.

If the bell would ring they would know that someone was "saved by the

bell" or he was a "dead ringer".

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