VIRGO
The Virgin
(Vir)

Generalities: it is a zodiacal constellation mastering the celestial equator; it has great extension and contains quite bright stars besides the homonymous cluster of galaxies. The Sun remains there from half September to the end of October. In the Virgo the equinox of autumn (northern) takes place. This constellation transits at midnight in April.
Origins and mythology: there are several traditions concerning this constellation. The first one identifies it with a reaper (from here the name of the brightest star, Spica). According to another interpretation it represents Ceres, the goddess of the harvest, or Astrea, the goddess of justice.
Stars: the Virgo has Spica as its brightest star, of magnitude 0. 98, 16th star of the whole sky for brightness. The color of this star is blue and it is 275 light-years far. Other two stars have magnitude inferior to 3 (Vindemiatrix, 2.83 and Porrima 2.75). Other six stars have magnitude inferior to 4.
Table of stars brighter than magnitude
3.5
| Star | Proper name | Magnitude | Spectrum | Colour | Distance (light-years) | Notes |
| Alpha | Spica | 0.98 | B1 | blue | 258 | Variable between 0.90 and 1.01 |
| Gamma | Porrima | 2.75 | F0+F0 | white-yellow | 36 | Narrow visual double star |
| Epsilon | Vindemiatrix | 2.83 | G9 | yellow-orange | 104 | |
| Zeta | Heze | 3.37 | A3 | white | 1100 | |
| Delta | Minelauva | 3.38 | M3 | red | 147 |
Other objects: the Virgin is characterized by the presence of a great number of weak galaxies, which constitute the homonymous cluster. The brightest are seven catalogued by Messier and they are M49, M58, M59, M60, M61 M84, M87, M89, M90 and M104, the famous Sombrero Galaxy. A lot of other weak galaxies serve as background to this constellation.