VIOLENCE IN CHIAPAS CONTINUES

"We are here like bees without a hive, dying of hunger and bullets..."
-Indigenous Refugee in Chiapas

The December 22 massacre of 45 indigenous people, mostly women and children, by a paramilitary group in Chiapas, Mexico was the 25th such massacre in this southernmost state since 1994, according to Bishop Samuel Ruiz. Although many people have been arrested as a result of this assault, no one has yet been tried or convicted. On January 12, an indigenous woman was killed, and her three-year-old daughter and a young man were wounded, when state police fired directly into protesters in Ocosingo. Reportedly, the police refused to transport her to the nearest hospital. Transportation was finally provided by the television crew that filmed the shooting. Later in the month, an indigenous leader was murdered, shot twice in the back outside his home. In a report from the Mexican Attorney General's office, Jacinto Arias Cruz, the mayor of the municipality where the December 22 massacre ocurred, was charged with supplying the automatic weapons used in the attack. He has been accused of sending the weapons to the paramilitary group in a municipal car and trying to cover up the massacre. Both Ariasand the Interior Secretary of Mexico have been dismissed by President Ernesto Zedillo. Currently, more than 40% of the Mexican military occupies Chiapas. Amnesty International and other human rights groups have reported illegal searches and daily acts of aggression in the communities of La Realidad and Morelia. Both villages sympathize with the Zapatista rebels. The Mexican army is using U.S. military aid, such as humvees, armored personnel carriers, and Blackhawk helicopters, to carry out this intimidation. There are no reports of attempts to locate or disarm paramilitary forces. The complicity of the U.S. is both military and economic. It includes the training of military personnel in Chiapas (at Fort Bragg and the notorious School of the Americas) and the sale and donation of equipment ostensibly to be used in the "drug war." U.S. and corporate economic imperialism is perhaps more clearly illustrated by the infamous Chase Manhattan memo of January 1995 that provoked world outrage by stating that the Mexican "government will need to eliminate the Zapatistas to demonstrate their effective control of the national territory and of security policy."READ THIS MEMO In recent testimony before the Human Rights Caucus of the U.S. House of Representatives, Reverend Lucius Walker, director of the International Federation for Community Organizing (IFCO), quoted directly from the refugees who have survived the attacks:

The government has wanted to destroy our rights to justice and freedom of democracy... During the last six months, we have experienced a great deal of tension due to the low-intensity warfare inflicted by the paramilitary White Guards. Even our coffee crop was stolen. Whatever was left was burnt, destroyed, and our farm animals shot. Those who did not have time to leave were shot, and their bodies destroyed.

Survivors of the massacre at Acteal have testified:

I have an older sister who was shot in Acteal. She was pregnant. When she died, I personally saw how they opened her stomach to cut out the baby. They also shot my sister in law and took her body into the ravine...

When we left our houses, the shooting started. we fled into the mountains. I show you here the skin of my little boy, which is burned from the bullets. I had another boy who died today from the cold and illnesses that are common here in the mountains. We covered our children's mouths with cloth so the soldiers, state police and military groups couldn't hear us. Now we are displaced from our community. we have nothing to eat and no clothing..."

Meanwhile, peace talks have been suspended since 1996, when President Zedillo refused to implement the first set of agreements reached by government-appointed negotiators on "Indigenous Rights and Culture." Those talks took place in San Andres, where at least twice in the past peace talks between indigenous people and the Mexican government have ended in betrayal and death for the Indians. Considering this dismal history, along with President Zedillo's failure to accept recent agreements, there is no reason to believe the Mexican government will negotiate in good faith. Rather than working toward a just and peaceful resolution, Zedillo's government issues proclamations bent on alarming the public in the U.S. and Mexico. Charges are continually made that the indigenous Zapatistas seek "separatism" and "independence." What these courageous people actually demand is to be recognized as part of the Mexican nation and to be treated with justice and human dignity.

-Gloria Still

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