   
Allspice - Kofte Bahari
Flavor is reminiscent of cloves, cinnamon and nutmeg; available ground or as dried berries to grind.
Cinnamon - Tarcin
Sweet, warm, nutty, pleasantly scented; in sticks or ground.
Cloves - Karanfil
Medicinal, pungent in ground form or whole.
Cumin - Kimyon
Strong aroma of the spice is a perfect for many vegetable dishes and salads. Hot, slightly bitter; ground or as whole seeds.
Fennel Seed - Anason Tohumu
Warm, sweet, licorice-like; seeds can be used whole or ground.
Ginger - Zencefil
Spicy-sweet, hot; available fresh, ground or in crystallized chunks.
Garlic - Sarimsak
Garlic is used throughout the Middle East, and valued for its health properties as well as flavor.
Nutmeg
Sweet, warm; whole or ground.
Paprika - Paprika
Rich, earthy flavor; ground in hot, mild and sweet varieties. Although it is often associated with Eastern Europe it’s widely used in the Middle East in soups, meat dishes, salad dressings, mezes and garnishes.
Peppercorns- Karabiber
Hot, biting; best when freshly ground.
Red Pepper Flakes - Kirmizi Pul Biber
Spicy, warm; may be mild or intense; also may be called crushed red pepper.
Saffron - Safran
This really expensive spice derived from the a type of orchid plant. It adds a nice color and flavor to the dishes.
Basil - Feslegen
Taste offers hints of mint, cloves, anise; dried is more pungent than fresh.
Bay Leaf - Defne Yapragi
Slightly bitter, aromatic; intensifies when dried.
Dill - Dereotu
Light, mild, lemony; fresh offers more punch than dried.
Mint - Nane
Cool, refreshing; significantly more flavorful fresh.
Oregano
Strong, peppery; usually used in conjunction with other seasonings; stronger dried then fresh.
Parsley - Maydanoz
Grassy, aromatic; fresh available with curly or flat leaves; flat-leaf is more flavorful then curly, both more then so dried.
Sage
Smoky, woodsy, vaguely bitter; taste strengthens when dried.
Sumac - Sumak
These dried edible berries crushed to a powder and are delicious sprinkled on kebabs.
Tarragon
Sharp with a hint of vanilla, licorice-like; fresh more flavorful than dried.
Thyme - Bir cesit Kekik
Sweet, lemony- minty; fresh more pungent, but dried retains flavor well.
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