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On the Planetary Origin of the Human Race and Human Equality and Diversity

Drafted on July 11, 2002. Last update on November 21, 2004

ABSTRACT

From the state of knowledge on human evolution, it is concluded that humans are distinguished from other animals in their all-round physical, mental and social characteristics, rather than single criterion such as brain size or the ability to walk on two legs. Humans differed from animals in the two most important abilities of clearing the forest permanently and growing food on it. These served the dual purposes beneficial to the existence of humans: the elimination of plants and animals and the growth of human population. Later on or at the same time, the human race developed the unique technology of writing, so that knowledge could be passed on across great space and down the generations. Experts have concluded that the best evidences for the understanding of human evolution are cultural objects.

A writing of any kind is a direct or indirect reflection of reality in the writer's brain, although the language and the style of the writing may be different. Genesis, the first book of the Christian bible, described vividly God's creation in six days of air and water, land, plants, sun and moon, water and flying animals, and beasts and humans. The generation naming convention,YI LING GONG PU, stated plainly that humans came from a distant planet. The two writings combined represents another revolution in thinking. The life evolution on the planet earth is merely a part of that in the solar system. Writing and geological evidences were used to show how humans might have arrived at the planet earth from other planets of the solar system. Racial characteristics, language features and food production methods were used to show how humans might have migrated to different parts of the earth.

The earth was a firy place like today's Venus. In the evolution of the planets of the solar system, the Sun's energy decreased, the planets in the solar system experienced catastrophic changes, and the earth cooled off. The earth used to have its special self-rotation mode. Its Northern (or possibly the Eastern) Hemisphere faced the Sun all the time and it was firy hot; its Southern (or possibly the Western) Hemisphere was hidden from the Sun all the time and it was ice. In the last catastrophic event on the planets of the solar system, the moon arrived at the earth. The earth changed its orbit around the Sun, self-rotation axis and mode to the present state. This led to the distinction of day and night in about equal duration, and the day plus night is about 24 hours. This also let to the distinction of spring, summer, autumn and winter in yearly cycles of about 365 days. The resulting great global disaster destroyed life on the earth.

The author used the planet Mars as an example to reason how life arrived on earth from another planet. But the emphasis of the article is on the human culture propagation on the planet earth. Martians landed on earth either actively or passively. In an active landing, Martians likely engineered the global changes of the earth; and they chose the right time and place to land on earth. It was likely that only a handful of Astronauts escaped from the death on Mars. The technologies that the Martians used to escape likely also led to the destruction of life on Mars. We could imagine that Martians arrived on the moon first. The moon was energized to move towards the earth, or it did so on its own because of a catastrophic change of the solar system. It touched the surface of the earth and then entered the moon orbit as we know it today. At that approach, the instantaneous impact, the gravity pull of the moon and its reflected sunlight caused the catastrophe and damatic change of the the earth as described above. The diametric side of the Hymalayas on earth is the Chile basin that is located on the west side of the country Chile in the south Pacific ocean. Chile basin is a steep ocean basin with depth below 4000 m. The moon has a diameter about a quarter of the earth's diameter. If the moon touched down at the place of today's Chile basin, the impact would have not only caused the formation of the Hymalayas mountains and the dark atmosphere, but also the earth's present self-rotation and tilted axis as well as the appearance of the American continent. During the touch down, the Martians, their fertilized eggs or their DNA were carried by huge meteorites that landed in the ocean ice. It is also possible that there was life on the moon before it arrived on earth, such life eventually evolved into humans on earth. Furthermore, it is possible that human or life DNA was carried to earth by the comets that came across the earth's orbit.

The first humans emerged on the KunLun Mountains to the north of the Himalayas, the highest lands on earth. They likely lived in caves on the then ocean shores. Humans continuously multiplied and migrated to east, west, south and north along streams, in rivers, on lakes, on sea coast, or along trails. Today, there are two major language systems in the world, imitated characters and phoneticized alphabetical spelling words. The Chinese characters are three dimensional, i.e., two-dimensional characters plus pronounciation, and they are rich in meanings. The western pelling words are one dimensional codes that sound and look the same, and they are easily ordered and searched. The two language systems are complementary.

The rest of the inner planets of the solar system: Venus and Mercury, have no satellites. They will not be able to support life in the remote future, unless another catastrophic event would happen in the solar system that would cause the dislocation of planets and moons. The effect of the sun, moon and other planets of the solar system on the weather of Marin county is demonstrated by using the computer software Planet Finder from the Jet Propulsion Laboratory. The unique coupling of the moon and the earth made possible the diversity of the plant and life forms on earth. The moon keeps the earth warm during the night, which is essential for the water, plants and animals to exist. The blue and green earth prevents the moon from overheating that may lead to drying and self-disintegration due to soft earthlight on the moon. It is unlikely that such coupling would reoccur in the solar system if it is dissolved.

Our sustainable existence and development on earth will depend on the use of the most abundant natural sources such as sun light and moon light, wind and water, heat and cold. The increases of population and manufactured products have caused increasing environmental pollution. Like drug and poison, the concentration in time and space (volume) are the conditions for destroying living things or breeding disease. Therefore, we should make use of the most abundant natural resource - Time, as well as distributed ways of living and production.

It is assumed in the present article that the sun's radiation energy is decreasing with astronomical time line. This led to the deduction that life in the solar system migrated from the outer planet Mars to the Earth. On the contrary, if the sun's energy is increasing, then life should have migrated from the Venus to the Earth. In both cases, the conclusions reached in the article are correct.

1. State of Knowledge on Human Evolution

Charles Darwin (born in 1809) published the work "The Descent of Man, and Selection in Relation to Sex" in 1871. He concluded that man, like animals, is descended from an earlier form of life. He reasoned that Africa probably was formerly inhabited by extinct apes allied to the gorilla and the chimpanzee, and it is somewhat more probable that man's early forerunners inhabited the African continent. (Farrington 1966).

In 1900, radioactive Uranium dating was employed to fix the age of the earth at 4,500 million years, much older than it was thought before. In 1929, Peking Man was unearthed from a collapsed cave in Northern China. His skull was found to be between that of an ape and that of a modern man in terms of skull shape, brain size and teeth palate, but he was more like a modern man. Stone tools and fire remains were also found. Franz Weidenreich (born in 1873) pointed out that neither the absolute nor the relative size of the brain can be used to measure the degree of mental ability in animal or human. He cited the following data. Elephant has a brain weight of 5,000 grams, and a whale has a brain weight 10,000 grams but only a specific weight of 1 gram per 8500 grams of body. Modern man has a specific brain weight of 1 gram per 44 grams of body, that is, a brain weight of about 2,700 grams. Capuchin monkey has a specific brain weight of 1 gram per 17.5 body weight. In other words, humans or apes stand somewhere between elephant and monkey in terms of absolute and specific brain weight. Dr. Weidenreich also pointed out that cultural objects are the only guide as far as spiritual life is concerned. They may be fallacious guides too, but we are completely lost if these objects are missing.

Sherwood L. Washburn (born in 1911) found that the apes, with their long slanting pelvis, can take only a few steps upright and must use the hands for locomotion. Man, because of his shorter pelvis, can stand and walk - he is biped. His hand are then no longer needed for locomotion. The fossil men, Java Man, Peking Man, Neanderthal Man, all have human pelves and limb bones. They were remarkably human in these features. Washburn also pointed out that the development of body parts towards modern human preceded the brain. Willard F. Libby (born in 1908) discovered the radioactive carbon-14 dating technology. He found that the last ice age was 10,800 years ago in Germany, and 11,000 years ago in Wisconsin, USA. He found that the Tepexpan Man of Mexico lived 11,300 years ago, and the Folsom Man at Lubbock, Texas who used arrows to kill bison lived 9,883 years ago. The Inca mound of Peru went back 4,257 years, and the first Egyptian empire went back 5000 years ago. Above paragraphs are based on the book by Ruth Moore (1961).

In summary, it is possible that the last ice age in the northern hemisphere occurred about 11,000 years ago, and the last boom of civilization with the technology of writing occurred about 5,000 years ago. It must be pointed out that cultural objects could be carried with people from one place to another. Taking walking as an example, a person walking at 25 km per day can cover a distance of 5000 kilometers in 200 days. That is to say, with more than a year, a person who started from XinJiang of China could walk to the Mediterranean Europe in the western direction or the Korea Pennisula in the eastern direction. The Korea Strait is only 90 km wide. It was easy to reach Japan. Modern computer technology has demonstrated that the physical size of the CPU and the Memory are not the definitive measure of computing power. Computers have become smaller but more powerful than ever before. To say that "biped" is only characteristic of humans is incorrect, because birds walk on two legs. To say that the use of stone, bone or wood stick as tools is only characteristic of humans is incorrect either, because today's TV has shown that monkeys occasionally use such tools to crack nuts. Therefore, humans are distinguished from other animals in their all-round physical, mental and social characteristics. It is probably true that humans differed from animals in the two abilities of clearing the forest and growing food. These served the dual purposes beneficial to the existence of humans: the elimination of plants and animals and the growth of human population. The fact that humans and apes coexist in Africa today may indicate that Africa is a relatively new fronteer for humans, and the humans have learned by prior experience that the animals are beneficial to humans. The Darwin's theory of evolution through natural selection and adaption is essentially true except that the evolution on earth is merely part of that in the solar system. The changes that animals and humans made to the natural environment are part of their own evolution. If humans evolved from apes, then apes likely had an extraterrestrial origin.

Prior to humans establishing themselves as the sole dictative power on earth, there were more diversity in both plants and animals as evidenced by fossils. There were probably more diversity of humans themselves. The fossil Ape Men might be variations of humans. The birds were clearly superior to humans in the sky, forest and water; The fish was superior to humans in the water; the monkeys and the apes were superior to humans in the steep mountains; and of course humans were superior to all other animals on clear and plain ground. In addition to farming, humans depended on plants and animals for shelter, food, clothes and shoes. Even for farming itself, water from forest mountains was necessary for irrigation and fertilization. It was not easy to bring up children and human resource was highly valued. Smart humans likely lived happily at this point in time. At some places, all plants and animals were eliminated, humans were faced up with a harsh environment and they found enemies among themselves. From this point on, human life became more and more miserable.

A writing of any kind is a direct or indirect reflection of reality in the writer's brain, although the language and the style of the writing may be different. The fact that it is difficult to read the writings that were thousands of years old is merely an indication of our lack of relevent knowledge. It is astonishing to find that the Genesis of the Christian Bible and the Nation-Family Books in China have similar contents. A Family Book in China was generally co-authored by a group of elders. It documented the Nation-Family history in concise terms, the name, bibliography, life span and family relations for each person as well as local geography, history and statements of good and bad. It also includes a concise Generation PU that is used to name persons from generation to generation (such as the YI LING GONG PU). This way, the knowledge of Good and Bad has been passed down the generations securely and continuously.

The change from natural life, that is, eating fruits from forest and orchard as animals do, to farming life, was indicated in the Christian Bible (Genesis 3:22-24). The shortening of human life span (Genesis 6:3) and massive death (Genesis 7:6) were clearly documented in the Bible. The change marked the beginning of a new human age when humans not only adapted to the natural environment but also changed it one little at a time. As the power of the human race gradually increased, the natural environment was gradually destroyed. Although individuals still find themselves adapting to their environment sometimes today, the human race as a whole can decide how their relations with the natural environment and with themselves are. In other words, the human race now lives in its own environment created accoding to his own thinking.

2. Hints on the Extraterrestrial Origin of the Human Race in the YI LING GONG PU

Genesis, the first book of the Christian bible, described vividly God's creation in six days of air and water, land, plants, sun and moon, water and flying animals, and beasts and humans. This chapter was written in 1513 BCE in the wilderness in-between Egypt and Israel. It is not difficult to see that this was a documentation of folk tales in the middle east with the advent of the alphabetical language and the technology of writing. The rest of the Christian bible gave detailed and variable explanations and witnesses of the concept of God.

In the traditional Chinese culture, there were many descriptions of heavenly angels and the Thunder God, but there was no systematic belief of God. In modern science, it is generally accepted that living things and humans evolved from lower forms to higher forms in the long natural history, although no definitive conclusion has been made. This view is in agreement with the belief that the planet earth is the only special planet. It is also in agreement with the belief that "the universe started in a big bang, and then expanded geometrically". However, the YI LING GONG PU indicated that the human race came from the planet Mars, the outer neighbor of our planet Earth. This declaration actually indicated that the human evolution on the planet earth is a part of the migration of life in the solar system. Exploration of outer space today is verifying the sentence from the YI LING GONG PU "Ancestors had Air, Pollen, Water and distant Planet." .

Please find the YI LING GONG PU and its English interpretation is shown in Appendix 1. The first four sentences was started by Yi ZhenXiu - Gui YiLang (1400-1474), the first Yi settler of MaiYuan-Pulsehead village about 600 years ago. It was in the beginning of the YongLe (Hapiness Forever) Period of the Ming (Enlightenment) Dynasty (about year 1400 AD) (YI Family-Nation Book). The first and fourth sentence of the PU indicated that our ancestors came from a distant planet where there was air, water, plants, light and enlightenment. The planet would have to be our outer neighbor, planet Mars. The character Zhen (Administration) of Yi ZhenXiu came from the earlier YI LING GONG PU of TaiHe-GreatPeace (Appendix 2). At the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty (about year 1279 AD), the first Chu person named after this earlier pU moved from TaiHe-GreatPeace county, JiAn prefecture, JiangXi province to YangQing village, ShaoYang county, Hunan province. Clearly, Yi ZhenXiu of MaiYuan came up with a more accurate and direct expression of Yi's wisdom based on the earlier PU. The last eight sentences of the PU, that of DongAn-EastPeace was finalized in 1930 and they were accepted by all Yi families in the DongAn-EastPeace county of Hunan province. These statements on person to person relations, people to government relations and the natural environment are one of the most complete, concise and advanced in the world.

The first sentence pointed out that human thinking and culture are as important as the planets in the sky. The author's grandfather's grandfather was Yi YouSen (has forest). His second name was Zhao Xin (the forecasting star) and his third name was HeQing (clear river). His elder brother YouYu (has prediction) had seven sons whose names had “?” as the third character, such as JinXin and GengXin. This demonstrates that the character “?”contains the meaning of "planet". The 4th sentence may imply that the human race came from a far away planet where there was air, pollen, water and light. This far away planet likely refers to Mars. Mars is the outer neighbor of Earth, and Venus is the inner neighbor. Mars has a diameter that is half the earth at the present time. It has an atmosphere that is 95% carbon dioxide (gas product from the burning of fuels)(Kerrod 2000, Space Encyclopedia 1999). It may imply that with the energy reduction from the Sun, life migrated from outer planets to inner planets in the Solar System.

Yi ZhenXiu - Gui YiLang, the first Yi settler of MaiYuan was buried on a small slope at the very head of MaiYuan village. The head of the tomb points to the Saucer Rock that is situated to the west of the Comet Hill. The limestone Saucer Rock looks very much like an alien spacecraft Saucer. It is possible that the Saucer Rock is a fossil of an alien spacecraft. It is likely that the Yi ancesters used it to remind next generations that our ancesters came from another planet, or they used to live in caves. The name for the Comet Hill comes from the Comet, implying that the comets have to do with human origin on the planet earth. The following poem from the tombstone of Yi YouSen (the forest, the forecasting star) reflected the human search for the ideal natural environment: "Clean Water, Green Mountain and Quiet Cave in Perpetual Memorial. Autumn Partaking, Spring Offering and Panbean in Harmonious Fragrance ". This poem is in agreement with the YI LING GONG PU.

Figure 2. MaiYuan Saucer Rock.

3. The Christian Bible stated Earthly Creation by God and implied the Extraterrestrial Origin of the Human Race

The above steps for the creation of the world by God imply that a certain super human race recorded the evolution of the planet earth. These steps may be summarized in scientific terms as follows: (1) The earth's hemisphere on the opposite side of the Sun was covered with water, and it was dark all the time. Then the earth began its self-rotation about its own axis; the sunshine penetrated the vapour to reach the water surface; day and night alternates. (2) The earth cooled off and vapour turned into water and air; water and heaven were separated. (3) Volcano created the first land above water and plants appeared on the land. (4) On the land, the shape of the Sun could be seen as well as the stars, and the moon could be seen in the nightly sky. (5) Animals appeared in water and flying creatures appeared in the sky. (5) Animals appeared on the land and then humans appeared.

It may be conjectured that the earth's self-rotation about its own axis in the first step was a result of a major planetary change in the solar system such as the moon leaving Mars to arrive at Earth. The super humans who used to live on Mars recorded the evolution of the planet Earth. The (3) point above stated that Volcanoes produced lands can still be verified by geological evidences. For examples, Hawaii Islands came from volcano remains. On the mountains of more than 1000 m elevation on the west coast of the United States, there are many remains of past volcanoes (such as Mount Shasta at 4316 m elevation, circular in shape with permanent ice on top) and volcano fly rocks are commonly seen on mountains (see Figs. 3 and 4). Lake Tahoe (24 km x 8 km at elevation 1800 m) on the California-Nevada plateau might be a result of large meteorite impact in the geological past (Fig. 4). In DongAn-EastPeace county, Hunan Province of China, the water falls at 500 m elevation in the Yellow Mud Hollow forest park ocurred on a dark gabbro rock, one kind of intrusive-metamorphic rock (see Fig. 5); the water falls at about 1000 m elevation on the King Shun National forest park occurred on a grey granite rock, also an intrusive- metamorphic rock (see Fig. 6); whereas the rocks on the hills in the valleys are all limestone, a water-phase sedimentary-metamorphic rock, eg., the Ghost Cliff of LuMaQiao township and the King Shun Cave in the King Shun National forest park. Today's small rivers and seas are only miniature of past large rivers and oceans. For example, the Tiger Cave of LuMaQiao township is located in the limestone rockmass on a hill at an elevation of about 200 m (see Fig. 7). From the hill surface, the cave goes downward at an angle of about 20 degrees and it extends for about 60 m. The cave was likely formed underwater. The MaiYuan village is located on a small hill at about 150 m elevation. Limestone fossils for an underwater animal, Stone Swallow, were found there. This indicates that the Gold River and the New Market River used to be parts of the same large river.

Figure 4. Highway cut of a hill found on the plateau of California,USA.

Figure 5. Gabbro Rockmass in Yellow Mud Hollow Forest Park.

Figure 6. Granite Rockmass in King Shun National Forest Park.

Figure 7. Tiger Cave in the Limestone Rockmass.

The above details from the Book of Genesis of the Christian bible was likely a written extension of the fourth sentence of the YI LING GONG PU. The extension was likely a recording of folk tales at that time, and it was made possible because of new technologies in writing and advancement of the written language.

The book of Genesis of the Christian bible wrote about a great flood that destroyed all life in Noah's time. As far as the writer of Genesis was concerned, Noah was the tenth generation decendent of the first human Adam. Chapter 7 verse 11 wrote: In the six hundreth year of Noah's life, in the second month, on the seventeenth day of the month, on this day all the springs of the vast watery deep were broken open and floodgates of the heavens were opened. Verse 19 wrote: And the waters overwhelmed the earth so greatly that all the tall mountains that were under the whole heavens came to be covered. Verse 23 wrote: Thus He wiped out every existing thing that was on the surface of the ground, from man to beast, to moving animal and to flying creature of the heavens, and they were wiped off the earth. Chapter 8 verse 18 and 19 wrote: At that Noah went out, and also his sons and his wife and his sons' wives with him. Every living creature, every moving animal and every flying creature, everything that moves on the earth, according to their families they went out of the ark.

The above paragraph implies that, after the earth changed its mode of rotation, the ice in the hemisphere that used to be hidden from the Sun gradually thawed. A great cloud and flood occurred suddenly at a point in time. NOAH was a genius in family living. His family was prepared for it and escaped from death after enduring hardship.

4. The American MaYa culture implied the Extraterrestrial Origin of the Human Race

The MAYA language used three digits to construct all numbers in the base-20 system (see Fig. 8). "__" represents "5", "o" represents "1", and the crescent moon shape represents zero. "__" symbolizes the horizon, "o" the sun, and the crescent moon shape the moon or human eyes (Coe and Kerr 1998). This may imply that the the moon was closely related to human origin and survival. Notice the letter "IL" on the character for number "1". It may represent the word "YI LING", "YEAR", or the "ILI" river in XinJiang Province of China.

5. The Influence of the Sun and the Moon

The planets in the vicinity of the earth are compared in terms of size and mass in the following table. The sun is a fire ball that provide energy and light to the earth. The moon is between a quarter and a third of the earth in diameter. The Jupiter is the largest planet of the solar system. Its brightness on earth is next to Venus. (MITTON 1977).

July 10 and 11, 2002 are very hot days in California. Standing on the balcony of my apartment in San Rafael, I watched the bright Venus descending down the Western sky after sunset and asked the same questions that our distant ancestors asked thousands of years ago: "where did we come from and where are we going?". In these couple of days, Mercury, Mars, Saturn, Jupiter and the Moon clustered tightly around the Sun in the daytime sky (Please look up the planets on website www.lightandmatter.com). Although they can not be seen by the naked eyes under the intense sunlight, they may together exert an extra concentrated beam of light and heat and a concentrated gravity pull on the Earth. I learned that the Moon's gravity pull causes the rise of earth surfaces both facing and opposite the Moon as well as the phenomenon of ocean tide. California has natural air conditioning due to the vast Pacific Ocean on the west side. On the eastern side of California lie the semi-desert plateau of Nevada and Utah. The morning Sun beams up little cloud from these area. So, until late afternoon, there is little cloud in the sky and the Sun's radiation is intense on the land of California. In late afternoon, the Sun is above the pacific ocean and beams up vast cloud of moisture from the ocean with invisible waves and blow it into California. The cool wind and cloud are like air conditioning that is turned on automatically when it gets too hot. As soon as the Sun sets, the outdoor air becomes really cool (Fig. 9). On the other hand, in New York or Shanghai, the morning Sun rises from the eastern ocean and it beams up a lot of moisture from the ocean. The cloud gets warmed up and it may trap the heat from the sunshine all day long. It can get so hot in the summer during the night that artificial air conditioning is required in the apartment buildings.

On July 12, 2002, cloud showed up in the sky from risen water vapor in the Pacific Ocean as a result of the hot weather and the sun-driven west to east wind. On July 16, the weather began to cool down due to a combination of cloud accumulation and the separation of the planetary stars. The ancient Chinese culture has its roots in Astronomy. For example, the book "I Ching", written 5000 years ago, started with the fundamental bifurcation of "Tai Chi" ("TaiJi", Invisible Harmonious Energy) into "Tai Yang" (the Sun or Positive) and "Xiao Yang" (the Moon or Negative) (Shi and Qiu 1994). Bifurcation has been the general rule for biological evolution. A human body is built on cells that multiply by splitting into two. Humans were divided into two kinds, men and women, and all the important human organs come in two's such as eyes, nostrils, hands and feet, etc.. The Chinese character for Day is also the same as the Sun (?) and for Month is Moon (?). In a month, the day and night when the moon is full is often the warmest and brightest night. Women's monthly menstruation may have developed as a result of monthly moon face changes in the remote past of human evolution. Positive and Negative are the basis of modern sciences. Furthermore, the ancient art of "Feng Shui" (Wind and Water) involved evaluating a certain location in terms of sun and moon, hill and water, wind and vegetation, etc.. This art was also closely related to Astronomy. The two Chinese characters for Tai (?) and Xiao (?) look like primitive men and small feet women. It should be pointed out that the Chinese traditional character for "YAN (?)" is composed of "ear" and "YI". It symbolizes a God. The Chinese traditional character for "YIN (?)" is composed of "ear" and "thunder, lightning and cloud". It symbolises another God. However, the simplified Chinese for "YAN (?)" and "YIN (?)" symbolizes "ear and sun" and "ear and moon", respectively. They also imply "men" and "women", a relatively new idea of our civilization.

It should be mentioned that the philosophy of bifurcation was the earliest and most simple system of thought of human culture. It is a simplification of reality and was directly linked to the paired organs of the human body and other animals. The natural environment is diversified in reality. Given that the philosophy of bifurcation is deeply rooted in human society, the idea of looping may be incorporated into the philosophy to be more realistic or true. Looping means that a bifurcated branch joins the other branch at a point further ahead (Yi Xiaoping 1987 and 2004).

The Lunar Calendar was likely developed in China and spread to west Asia and the middle east. Farmers of China continues to use the Lunar Calendar as the main calendar today. The western calendar is branded as the Solar Calendar and uses the mysterious date of birth of Jesus Christ as the beginning point. Many people including scientists may think the Solar Calendar is better and more accurate than the Lunar calendar because the Sun is the center of our solar system and our earth revolves around the Sun together with our Moon. However, observation and reasoning demonstrate that the Lunar Calendar is more meaningful, practical, accurate and scientific than the Solar Calendar. The following points may be listed: (i) the Lunar Calendar has the solar calendar embed in it because it has the yearly cycles and seasons; (ii) the Lunar Calendar accurately describes the phases of the Moon on a monthly basis, which has dictated the life cycles of animals and human ancesters; and (iii) The Moon light help reduce temperature changes between day and night, which was crucial for the survival of all living things on the planet earth.

March 6 to 8, 2004 were warm days in San Rafael, California in the middle of the winter. The temperature reached 70s Fahrenheit (22 Celcius). There were little wind. It was like summer and people wore T shirts. This was in contrast to the cool rainy days before. March 5 was a full moon night (February 15 on the Lunar Calendar and Awakening Term). The Sun set at about 18:00 in the West. The Moon traveled on approximate the same path in the sky but was situated about 12 hours (180 degrees) behind in the East. Due to the reflection of sunlight and gravity pull by the moon, the moon effectively negated the usual energy flow from the Sun. The otherwise West to East wind caused by such enery flow ceased and there was no cloud coming from the Pacific Ocean in the evening. In addition, the ground was heated by sunlight during the day and by moonlight during the night. So, days became warmer and warmer in these days when such pattern prevailed, see Fig. 10A, B. Such phenomenon of "Moon in opposition of Sun" lasted only a few days. Later, the Moon not only became narrower, but also lags behind the Sun too far such that they do not share the same sky.

Figure 10B. Solar planets in the night sky of San Francisco at 19:30 on March 6, 2004. The Moon is rising in the East and the Venus in the West is very bright. (from www.lightandmatter.com).

The days were neither too warm nor too cool between March 14 to 22, 2004. But, one march 23, it was distinctively cool and windy. At 18:00, my 3 year daughter and I went kite flying in San Rafael High School. There was strong but unsteady wind. The kite flew up high but plunged down to the ground suddenly. The strong and persisting wind was caused by the Sun, Moon, Venus, Mercury being close together. This type of wind blew apart the usual cloud that rose from the Pacific Ocean and pushed the moisture to the ground in California. This is more evident in the nightly sky at 21:00. The bright Venus and the crescent Moon were clearly visible together in the western sky, with strong westernly cool wind. See Fig. 10C,D. Heavy cloud from the Pacific Ocean, that otherwise was unable to climb up the Mt. Tamalpais, now appeared, see Fig. 11. On March 25, at 12:00 noon, the cloud was pushed down to the ground to make rain by the Sun, Moon and the planets. The foggy rain turned into shower but the rain stopped at 17:00. At this later time, the cloud was blown away to the eastern high mountains by the western wind induced by the planets. When the Sun, Moon and planets are in close vicinity, two extreme results may follow: hot or rain. If there is a lot of cloud, there is rain.

Figure 10D. Solar planets in the night sky of San Rafael at 21:00 on March 23, 2004. The Moon is rising in the East and the Venus in the West is very bright. (from www.lightandmatter.com).

Figure 11. Watching cloud on Mt. Tamalpais from Pacific Ocean in San Rafael at 18:05 on March 24, 2004. The Sun just set in the western hills.

When the moon is close to the Sun in the sky, the Moon looks like a sickle and it is not that bright. But, because it is heated by the sun, it sends invisible heat waves to the earth to have a significant effect on the earth. For example, during the days around Feb. 24, the moon followed the path of the sun but lagged behind 90 degrees in the sky, and it is close to the bright venus. The weather was hot without wind, and the cloud that rose from the pacific ocean in the evening was much less. The best protection on the earth against such outside influence would be forest and water. The best protection on the earth against such outside influence would be forest and water. The earth in the night sky of the moon looks at least four times as large as the moon here on earth. But, the heat and light might turn out to be similar because of the gree and blue earth. Hence, the earth and the moon depends on each other. The influence of the relative positions of the Sun, Moon, and the planets on the weather of earth explains why the weather for the same day of each year is different. For example, I went to buy redwood seedlings on April 23, 2003 and the weather was windy and cool. I wore a jacket (see Fig. 12). But, on April 23, 2004, the weather was hot without wind (Table 2). This difference was caused by the planetary positions (see Fig. 13A and B)

Table 2. Comparison of Weather between April 23, 2003 and 2004 for Two Places to the North and South of San Rafael with Data available from www.wunderground.com.

Date and Time	Place	Temperature(Celcius)	Wind Direction	Wind Speed (km/h)	Gust Wind	Note
2003-04-23 15:54	Napa County	13.9	SSW	18.5	none	Hills Landscape
2004-04-23 15:54	Napa County	26.7	W	25.9	35.2	Hills Landscape
2003-04-23 15:56	San Francisco	15.6	SSW	24.1	none	Pennisula
2004-04-23 15:56	San Francisco	20.6	W	31.5	none	Pennisula

Figure 12. Author's photograph with redwood tree seedlings in a tree nursary on April 23, 2003. It was windy and cool.

Figure 13A. Positions of planets in the sky on April 23, 2003. It was windy and cool.

Figure 13B. Positions of planets in the sky on April 23, 2004. It was hot without wind.

The ocean tide, cloud and wind are closely related to the Sun, Moon, and the planets in the solar system. The author did observations San Rafael, California during June of 2004. The daily occurrence times of the tides were posted on the Marin Independent Journal. The tide was observed in the San Rafael Canal of the city of San Rafael. San Rafael is a pennisula. The San Francisco bay is on the east side, and the pacific ocean is on the west to south-west side. The city of San Francisco is on the south side across the Golden Gate Bridge.

Observations indicated that the Sun's radiation and heat are the main energy to cause wind; the Moon provides the main energy to cause ocean tide; and the rising cloud from the ocean is caused by wind, heat and microwave, and tidal waves. The Moon's energy may counter-act or co-act that of the Sun at one time or the other. It is this changing interaction of the Sun, the Moon and the Earth that caused the weather changes (see Figs. 14 to 22). In a similar fashion, some planets of the solar system have significant effects on the weather of the earth. The above are problems to investigated in details.

Fig. 14. Photograph of western horizon of San Rafael downtown at 20:00 on June 5, 2004. Strong wind and the fog from the Pacific refracted some light.

Fig. 15. Tidal water in the San Rafael Canal at 2nd st. in San Rafael at 17:00 on June 6, 2004. The photograph was taken half hour after the second high tide of the day at the Golden Gate Bridge (2004-06-06 16:29). The sky was full of cloud at that time.

Fig. 16. San Rafael sky at 01:51 on June 6, 2004. This highest tide of the day occurred at the Golden Gate Bridge when the Moon is at an acute angle to the horizon.

Fig. 17. San Rafael sky at 16:29 on June 6, 2004. The second high tide of the day . The Moon was eight hours ahead of the Sun (above Indonesia).

Fig. 18. Cloud from the Pacific on Mount Tamalpais (south west of San Rafael) at 20:30 on June 16. It was at sunset and the SUN AND Moon were close together. It was seven and half hours after the second high tide at 13:07 (4.4) and two and half hours before the highest tide at 23:09 (6).

Fig. 19. Sky of San Rafael for the second high tide of the day at 13:07 (4.4) on June 16, 2004 at the Golden Gate Bridge. The Sun and Moon were close together.

Fig. 20. Sky of San Rafael at 20:00 on June 16, 2004. The Sun and the Moon together caused wind and cloud from the Pacific.

Fig. 21. Low tide in San Rafael Canal at 2nd st. in San Rafael at 08:50 on June 17, 2004. About three hours after the low tide at Golden Gate Bridge at 6:08 (-0.7). It was full cloud in sky.

Fig. 22. Sky of San Rafael for low tide (-0.7) at Golden Gate Bridge at 06:08 on June 17, 2004.

The beautiful metropolitan Vancouver of Canada is an excellent place to study an ecosystem or "Feng Shui". Vancouver is shielded in the North and East with sharply rising mountains. It is also partially shielded in the South by sharply rising mountains in the Olympic National Park at Port Angeles of the United States. The Vancouver Island is about the size of the island of Taiwan that has the population of Canada. It apparently separated from the mainland in the geological past. I spent three months in Vancouver between August and October 2001. It was essentially three days of sunshine followed by three days of rain every week. In a sunny morning, one could clearly see white clouds rising from the trees into the sky. As cloud rose up and was blown over the mountains by the wind from the Pacific Ocean, they cooled down and fell as snow in the high mountains and rain in the lower mountains. I hiked the mountains and touched snow, but I was still far away from the snowy mountains in term of hiking distance. As the rain stopped, the sky became clear of clouds and the sun shined on Vancouver. A new cycle started. It appeared that low temperature was only one of the two conditions for cloud to turn into rain or snow. The other condition was a direct connection between the cloud and the earth via mountain peaks and/or forest. This connection likely made the electrical discharge from the cloud possible. It may be suggested that the amount of rain is equal to, or at least proportional to, the amount of water stored on the ground on the earth surface, lakes, rivers and the sea. It may also be suggested that forests, trees and mountain peaks make rain to occur locally. In other word, the cloud may find a more favorable place elsewhere to turn into rain if the local area is cleared of forests. Unfortunately, residential buildings and houses are eating away the beautiful forest in the lower mainland area of British Columbia.

The ecosystem in Northern California is much larger than that of Vancouver. But, a keen observer can observe similar weather patterns. The high rocky mountains on the East side capture the clouds blown over from the Pacific Ocean and turn it into rain or snow which, in turn, turn into running water in the rivers flowing into the ocean. In Marin county, there is seldom rain in the summer. But, we observe changes between clear hot days and cool foggy days. The rising fog from the Pacific Ocean under the afternoon sun is spectacular. In valley areas, such as the Muir Woods, it is foggy most of the time and the tallest trees grow. The trees depend on the fog to grow. And in turn, they capture the fog and keep its moisture.

In the city of Reno, Nevada, in the semi-desert area, one could experience the "double sun" phenomenon. When the Sun rises in the East, the barren and brown hills located in the West of the city reflect the sunlight back to the East. The result to the city is as if the Sun rises from both East and West. If the hills were covered with vegetation, they would absorb the sunshine and make nutrition for the ground. By the same law of Nature, a beautiful lake with blue water and forest slopes would gradually turn into a desert if the slopes are cleared and turned into barren hills (e.g., Death Valley of California, 105 km x 13 km, minimum elevation -85.95 m). On the Chinese lunar calendar, September 9th is the Double Sun Festival. The is a saying in northern China: "Bright Sunny Days during 99 ". .

The Chinese has used 10 Heavenly Stems, i.e., (甲 jia 乙 ye 丙 bing 丁 ding 戊 wu 己 ji 庚 geng 辛 xin 壬 ren 癸 gui) since ancient times well before all the 10 solar stems (9 planets: Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, Pluto plus the Sun) of the solar system had been discovered in the Western civilization. In fact, the last one, Pluto was discovered as recent as 1930 by American astronomer Clyde Tombaugh. It is possible that the human race knew all about the solar system in the ancient past, but this knowledge was later lost. The Chinese also used 12 Earthly Branches, i.e., (子 zi 丑 chou 寅 yin 卯 mao 辰 chen 巳 si 午 wu 未 wei 申 shen 酉 you 戌 xu 亥 hai) to represent 12 months in a year or 12 divisions of a day well before the West found that the earth orbits around the Sun. The pronunciation of the the above 22 chinese character, plus that of the following 8 common characters for: Wind, Space, Bright, Horse, Fear, Steam, Big, Wave, included the pronunciation of all 26 English letters. This indicates that the western alphabets are audio abstractions of early Chinese characters. The beginning three characters of the first sentence of the YI LING GONG PU used the inner most 3 Heavenly Stems, Sun, Venus and Mercury to indicate a turning point in human history or the solar system evolution. It indicates the emergence of new thinking and culture at a time when Earth was heading to becoming like the Mars. It may also indicate that thinking and culture are as important as the planets. It points to the firy Venus and Mercury for comparison with the beautiful planet Earth. The poetry used 12 sentences to comply with the 12 Earthly Branches or 12 months in a year. The poetry has 52 characters for 52 generations of people and this number coincides with the 52 weeks in a year.

The very construction of the above ten Chinese characters may indicate the super-human history on a planet. They are explained as follows:

Figure 23. 10 heavenly stems and 12 earthly branches.

(1) Character JIA is made of the character for "plantation field", indicating the beginning of agriculture.
(2) Character JE3 is made of a sickle for harvesting crops, indicating the making of tools.
(3) Character BING3 shows a person in a house with ceiling and walls, indicating permanent residence.
(4) Character DING shows piles driven into the ground to mark boundaries, indicating ownership of property. It also means young men working as border guards.
(5) Character WU4 shows a weapon for self-protection.
(6) Character JI3 shows a winding river or stream, indicating irrigation of plantation fields, and migration and expansion along rivers.
(7) Character GENG shows a prosperous tree with roots, indicating advanced trees and fruits agriculture. It sounds the same as the character for "ploughing". It may also indicates reworking of the land to achieve cyclic harvest.
(8) Character XIN is made of the characters for "stake" and "cross", indicating burials as a result of wars and diseases.
(9) Character REN2 is actually the character for "king", indicating unifications into kingdoms.
(10) Character GUI shows weapons of war (characters for "knife" and "weapon") above "heaven", indicating military activities in the sky and heaven is subdued and can hardly be seen.

The Greek letters also have profound and interesting meanings. For examples:

Figure 24. First seven Greek letters.

(1) The first couple of letters, alpha, represent the shape of a volcano and its mouth.
(2) The second couple of letters, beta, represent lakes and ponds inland.
(3) The third couple of letters, gama, represent rivers.
(4) The fourth couple of letters, delta, represent river delta or island at the entrance of river to sea.
(5) The fifth couple of letters, epsilon, represent the coast line.
(6) The sixth couple of letters, zeta, represent the zig zag mountain trails.
(7) The seventh couple of letters, eta, represent a person carrying wood with a pole or bare shoulders.

The above may be a description by humans of their living environment.

The basic eleven chinese numbers in EastPeace dialect (see picture below) have profound and interesting meanings. They may be the eleven most important reminders for a new immigrant:

Figure 25. Eleven digits in the Chinese language and the pronounciation in the EastPeace dialect.

Number LIN (zero) sounds the same as Chinese word for Trees and Forest. It looks like the Sun.
Number YI (one) sounds the same as the Chinese word for cloth. It sounds like the Chinese word for shade and cloud. It implies clothing, shade and cloud. It also indicates horizon or surface of still water, or a ray of the sun.
Number LEI (two) sounds like the Chinese word for Thunder. Another pronunciation is "NIAN" that sounds the same as the Chinese word for "Grinding". The standard Chinese pronunciation is ER that is the same as the Chinese word for son.
Number SAN (three) sounds the same the Chinese word for mountain, like the Chinese word for Spectrum and Lightning. It implies mountain, rainbow or lightning, and thunder storm. It also sounds like the Chinese word for "Funeral".
Number SI (four) sounds the same as the Chinese word for Death. It also sounds like the Chinese word for "Thread".
Number WU(five) sounds the same as the Chinese word for House. It implies shelter.
Number LU (six) sounds the same as the Chinese word for Road. It implies clearing of trees for road and open space.
Number CHI (seven) sounds the same as the Chinese word for Eat. It implies food.
Number BA (eight) sounds the same as the Chinese word for shit. It implies a cave or pit for stool or storage for food and things. It also sounds like the Chinese word for father.
Number JIU (nine) sounds the same as the Chinese word for wine used for pleasure and food sterilization.
Number SHI (ten) sounds like "XI" (water stream and wash). In DongAn dialect, it also implies marriage and birth. Its roman numeral representation is 10 that is the combination of YI and LING or YIN and YANG). It implies the end and beginning of the decimal cycle.

6. Unusual Things Do Occur

On the night of December 15 to 16, 2002, fierce south to north winds invaded Marin County California. Our apartment building is on a hill facing South. Solar water panels made of brass frames and tubes and a glass cover, measuring 10 ft x 4 ft x 4" (3 m x 1.2 m x 0.1 m) and weighing about 300 lb (140 kg), which were uninstalled and stacked on the roof of my neighbor's apartment building were all blown off. One of them appeared in the west edge of our small swimming pool. My visual inspection of the circumstances indicated that it was an extraordinary occurrence. The neighbor's apartment building is on the lower slope at 22 Valencia Avenue. The roof is about 5.5 m above the top of the swimming pool, and 63 ft (19.2 m) horizontal distance away from the south edge of the swimming pool. The 63 ft of space between them is a small fruit garden and there is also a small one storey 3 m tall hut on the east edge of the garden. A 1.7 m tall vegetated wall hedge separates the garden and the swimming pool. I estimated that one panel was lifted off the roof and blown uphill towards our apartment. The panel first landed on the roof of the hut with only one corner or one edge touching the roof, and it was immediately blown over the hedge and it landed in the east side of the swimming pool. Glass fragments were seen on the bottom of the swimming pool at the east edge. The floating brass panel was then carried by water to the west edge of the swimming pool.

A round table existed on the east side of the swimming pool. A large umbrella was installed through the middle hole of the table. The umbrella was shielded on the North side by our two-storey apartment building and on the South side by thick brush trees. The post of the umbrella was secured to a small concrete block (75-80 lb in weight and 0.37 m diameter x 0.15 m height). On the morning of December 16, the umbrella with its concrete block and table appeared at the bottom of the swimming pool on the west edge.

Another miracle happened on December 18, 2002 at about 15:10. I brought my 17 months daughter to the school to pick up my 9 year old son. As usual, she practised walking happily. She walked back and forth on a wheelchair way to the small Resource Center cabin at the school playground. The wheelchair way is constructed of steel bars with a sheet steel floor. There are open spaces between the bars. At the cabin entrance, the wheelchair way is two feet above the concrete ground. Jenny got excited in walking and started running. She walked right through the space between the steel bars at the cabin entrance and fell off. She was lying on the ground crying before I realized what happened. Fortunately, she turned 270 degrees from the upright position to land with her upper back on the concrete ground. Her feet tripped on a steel rod located a couple of inches above the floor of the wheelchair way. It helped her to rotate. Her instint to stretch her hands up and forward, as she always did in walking and falling, helped her a lot this time. My experience in gymnastics told me that she did not suffer injury. I did back flip 270 to 360 degrees in a small swimming pool the whole past summer. My judgement saved me an unpleasant trip to the hospital emergency. Time proved that my judgement was correct. If she did land on her head or face, it would have been a very serious injury. I heard again in my head the Chinese saying that "life and death are only a breath apart". When I was young, my father told this to me many times.

Above examples indicate that extraordinary events do happen occasionally.

7. Martian Origin of the Human Race: Facts and Hypotheses

The Martian Origin of the Human Race considers human life on Earth as part of the evolution of species in the Solar System. Scientists believe that the Sun is a huge nuclear reactor with gaseous matter as fuel. The outer planets of the Solar System receive little energy from the Sun and they are cold planets consisting of mainly gaseous and liquid substances. The nearer the planet is from the Sun, the hotter it is. It is reasonable to believe that the Sun's energy radiation decreases with time. A planet that is hot and firy today will cool down in the distant future. It is also reasonable to believe that the relative positions or the orbits of the planets in space depend on one another. The disintegration of one planet would cause changes in the orbits of all other planets. Such change in orbit would cause global catastrophic change to the planet (Weed 2002). Scientists believe that changes or energy flows occur within the earth constantly. Volcano eruptions and earthquakes are apparent manifestations of such changes. The earth's magnetism is a result of the constant energy flows that is occurring deep in the earth's mantle. Occasionally, such changes within a planet cause local catastrophes on the planet.

The planet Mars is the only planet in the solar system that could fit the description "where there was sound, deep water, fragrance and light". Sound indicates the existence of air, fragrance indicates pollen, vegetation and air, and light indicates an atmosphere like the earth's to allow sun light to come in. It may also indicate beams of light coming through the trees to reach the ground, and even electricity. It also indicates enlightenment or an advanced state of knowledge. Planet Mars used to be very much like the planet earth. The following descriptions are adapted from published books (MARS, ENCYCLOPEDIA):

Planet Mars is bright-reddish-orange in color. It is the fourth planet going from the Sun and is the outer neighbor of Earth. It takes 687 days, nearly two earth years, to go around the Sun. Its day is very much like on earth, 24 hours and 37 minutes. Martian surface is very much like Earth with what appear to be dried up river-beds and mountains. Its diameter is approximately half the Earth. Surface gravity is about 1/3 of earth (Moon's surface gravity is about 1/6 of earth). Its atmosphere is now 95% carbon dioxide. Martian surface temperature varies from -140 to 22 Celcius, which indicates that it now receives much less energy from the Sun than the Earth. Mars has two tiny moons. If the Moon of the Earth were the size of a basketball, the moons of Mars would be the size of a ball-pen tip. This means that Mars does not have significant light from the moon to warm up the planet during the night.

Venus is the inner neighbor of Earth. It is close to Earth in diameter and has a surface gravity 9/10 of Earth. Its atmosphere is fiery and too thick for the sunlight to penetrate at the present time. The average distance from Mars to Earth is about twice the distance from Earth to Venus, but the Mars orbit is unusually elliptical. At the closest approach, Earth could have shown up as a bright watery star for Martians as we see Venus today.

Chapter 1 Genesis of the Christian bible gives a concise description of the creation of earth and people by God in 6 days. Martians in the geological past could have observed and documented the evolution of Earth, just as we observe and explore Venus today. The bible stated that there were angels from heaven who married earthly women. This could be an ancient story about Martian landing. The bible documented a great deluge in Noah's time. This could be a folk memory of one of many catastrophes that happened to the Earth itself. Geological science has indeed revealed many catastrophic changes in the Earth's crust that destroyed part of life on Earth.

One could imagine that there used to be advanced civilizations on Mars. But, one way or another, the ecological balance was lost suddenly and the ecosystem went downhill exponentially in time. Oxygen in the atmosphere was replaced with carbon dioxide, and it could not be replenished by photo-synthesis from vegetation. Plants could have died out suddenly in a global dark cloud or gradually due to decreased energy from the Sun. Meteorite impact from outer space could have caused the catastrophe, but Martian nuclear wars could also have caused it. One could also speculate that industrialization depleted the minerals of Mars until its kinetic energy field weakened significantly such that it was unable to protect it against meteorites from outer space. One could also imagine that Mars used to be one of the moons of the Jupiter.

There is an asteroid belt outside the Mars orbit. One could further speculate that in the catastrophic event for the planets in the solar system, such as the collision of two moons of the jupiter, a large asteroid impacting the Mars or the disintegration of a planet. The debris of the collision flew into the above asteroid belt. If Mars and the Moon was the moons of the Jupiter, then Mars became an independent planet after the catastrophe, but the Moon became the moon of the Earth. If the Moon was a moon of Mars, then the Moon left Mars for the Earth after the catastrophe. This caused a fundamental change on Earth. The Earth's global climate changed for the better. Today, the Earth is carrying the Moon with her in a space dance, it might be the same for Mars before hand.

It is reasonable to suggest that the Northern (or possibly the Eastern) Hemisphere used to be facing the Sun all the time; and the Northern (or possibly the Western) Hemisphere used to be in the dark all the time in the remote astronomical past (Tolman earth model). The above catastrophic change on the planets of the solar system likely caused (i) a change of earth's orbit, (ii) the tilting of the earth's rotation axis and/or (iii) change of the rotation mode and speed of the earth itself. In simple terms as written in the Christian bible, one might state that there came to be day and night, summer and winter with the above changes. Such a change likely caused the gradual thawing of ice and frozen landmass in the Southern (or possibly the Western) Hemisphere and slowdown of volcanic activities in the Northern (or possibly the Eastern) Hemisphere. The entire earth was covered with water and vapor.

Heavier matter tend to move north as a result of the earth's rotation on the North-South axis, global warming, and the gravity pull by a star or stars outside the solar system, such as the North Star Formation or an unknown black hole. This is like the hydro-cyclone used in mineral processing. Today, most of land areas of the earth lie to the North of the earth's equator. With further global warming, the frozen land in the northern hemisphere will continue to thaw.

Humans could have arrived from Mars to Earth in four different ways: (i) Human DNA, human fertilized eggs or human beings stationed in underground tunnels of huge meteorite plunged into ice on earth via meteorite showers that resulted from a catastrophe on Mars or Jupiter (For example, the Sudbury basin of Ontario province of Canada was caused by such impact); (ii) Human DNA arrived via the Haley comet that used to pass over the earth; (iii) Martians possessed a space technology that was equivalent to our own and they traveled from Mars to Moon, and then after the Moon was captured by Earth, from Moon to Earth; and (iv) Martians possessed inter-planetary travel technology and they traveled directly from Mars to Earth. There may be many reasons why our distant ancestors lost their advanced technology. Two possible reasons are: (i) Martian spacecraft plunged into the frozen ocean and remained frozen until thawed much later; (ii) Martians lost all their luggage on landing on earth when they parachuted and their spacecraft burned and/or crashed. They learned a lesson on Mars and decided to start a new civilization centered on Nature protection and preservation. If Martians possessed inter-planetary travel technology, then they might arrived on earth at different year times.

Geologists have developed theories that there was one continent in the ages of the dinosaurs. The Himalayas is the highest land on earth. This and the area around it could be the first land, in the form of volcano remains, to rise from under water during the young ages of the earth. There came out plants on land and animals in the sea. With the further retreat of water, thick forest and land animals appeared in the valleys. Humans appeared where there were caves and fresh water. Caves are most common in the limestone rocks. Furthermore, existing caves in limestone could be enlarged by burning it for an extended period of time. It is reasonable to suggest that the first nation on earth was created on the highest limestone plateau. The human race here on earth may have started out from this place and prospered and migrated outward in all directions. At a much later time of the earth's evolution, the western coast of the land of America emerged from under water. Evidences of under water volcanoes and sedimentation can be seen on the high mountains of California-Nevada plateau today. Humans arrived at the western coast from the Orient across the Bering Strait on ice. The Bering Strait was likely solid frozen land at that time when the earth was cooler. Sea soldiers in the United States of America are call Marines. Ship dock bays are called Marina and activities on the ocean are called Marine. These words may have to do with faint memories of the Martian landing in human history. They could also be extensions of the Chinese word "Ma (Horse). It could be hypothesized that the earth was divided into a cold Hemisphere (Southern or Western) and a hot Hemisphere (Northern or Eastern) in the astronomical past, animals and humans might have first or appeared in the intermediate areas where it is neither too hot nor cold. If it were a cold Western and hot Eastern hemisphere divide, the shallow bay between the Korea Peninsula and China at the mouth of the Yellow River of China would be a warm place for life to thrive.

The worlds's highest land Hymalayas and the mountains below have great rivers flowing to East, South, West and North directions. This indicates that they are the earliest land on earth that have been subjected to hammering of the energy in the solar system. Such energy may include sunshine, wind and rain and underground lava. The great rivers and mountains in America are oriented approximately in the North-South direction such as the Mississippi River and the Rocky Mountain Divide. We can suggest that the formation of the American Continent was controlled by the Earth's self-rotation from east to west. But, the formation of the Hymalayas was not subjected to such rotational stresses. Therefore, it can be assumed that America was a new land that was formed under the present earth rotation mode, whereas the Hymalayas was old land that was formed under a certain different earth movement mode. The earth's north-south axis has a fixed orientation in the solar system as it rotates around the sun. This indicates that, in addition to the binary east-west rotation, the earth is subject to a slight pulling force from outside the solar system in the northern direction. This is the reason why all of the earth's continents are slowly drifting towards the north pole, causing friction between the continents. Such theory of "Gradual Change of the Earth" could be correct alone. It could also be a supplement to the above "Moon Impact" theory. A Chinese folklore says that the Chinese people are the offspring of dinosaurs. This could mean that after the disappearance of dinosaurs due to certain reasons. Then humans appeared and gradually prospered. One possible reason would be the change of the earth rotation mode.

The Christian bible described that Moses, the prophet for Israel, was an abandoned baby in an ark on the Nile river (Exodus 2, 1500 BC). The Martian arrival might be similar. Whether they were adults, babies, fetuses, or fertilized eggs; they had nothing but bare hands and legs. They had to struggle to survive in the animal world. God talked to Moses in the form of lightning, thunder and rain (Exodus 3, 9:29). Moses could be translated into Chinese by pronounciation as "Mao Choose West", and Jesus Christ in Swedish sounds like "JI(YI) Choose West - Anti-Thunder Master".

The fourth sentence of the YI LING GONG PU expressed that ancesters lived in beautiful natural environment. It also implied that the human kind originated from another planet. The twelve sentence compared offsprings to the post KunLun mountains. The KunLun Mountains are high mountains situated to the north of the worlds highest mountains - Hymalayas. The KunLun mountains were likely the place where humans originated on earth. It could also be the place where YI LING GONG PU was first authored. The Tarim Basin desert and other deserts were likely seas in the ancient past. The province name "QingHai-Deep Blue Sea" likely came out of this. With the gradual exhaustion of natural resources and the dried-up of the seas, humans migrated to the east and to the west, south and north. Since the KunLun Mountains are the origin of many great rivers, outward migration was relatively easy. The nations to the west of China are called "YIN" or "YI", and the nations to the east of China are called "YAN" or Sun. For examples, India means in Chinese "YIN Land"; Iran sounds like "YI Land"; Iraq sounds like "YI NaKe (Where will YI go?)"; Yisrael sounds like "YI SiRei", meaning "Yi remembers the thunder"; Jordan sounds like "Jo Di" meaning "at the foot or bottom" in DongAn-EastPeace dialect. Egypt sounds like "YI JiPu" meaning "YI continue with the PU"; Ethyopia sounds like "Yi SiE" meaning "Yi remember the geese". Italy sounds like "YI DaLi" meaning "Yi's great benefit". Spain sounds like "Si Pa In" meaning "we are afraid of YIN". France sounds like "Fu Luan Xi" meaning "Wealth caused Unrest in West". Vatican sounds like "Fan Ti Gang" meaning "Meal Replace Steel". England sounds like "YIN Land". Russia sounds like "LuXi" meaning "road to the west". To the east of China are Korea meaning "Face Sun" in Chinese and Japan meaning "Sun Land" in Chinese. The Islam religion might have come from "YI Si Lan" meaning "YI Remember the Blue" and Muslim religion from "Shephard (Ma) Remember the Forest", Christianity from "Moses, Jesus-Christ" meaning "Mao Choose West, JI(YI) Choose West - Anti-Thunder Master". Greece may be a dialect for "Anti-Profit (Thunder) Master (Christ)", but, it may also have to do with a fuel grease for light. Greek Capital "Athens" may mean "A sun's (Children' s)". Europe sounds like the Chinese "You Lu Pu (Oil Road PU)". The spanish explore Christopher Columbus who discovered America sounds in Chinese like "Ke Li(Rei) Si Tou Fu - Ku Ling Bu Si" meaning "The Anti-Profit (Thunder) Master went for happiness - Cried that the forest should not have died".

The book of Genesis of the Christian Bible wrote that GOD created the first human in the "Garden of Eden". Since "EDEN" sounds like "YI DE" . The "Garden of Eden" likely came from "YI Land". Since "YI" sounds the same as number "ONE" in Chinese, "Garden of Eden", "YI Land" and "First Land" refer to the same thing. The relations between Chinese and Western cultures are described in more details elsewhere.

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8. An Explanation of Human Races

The British scientist Darwin published his observational research work entitled "On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life" (1859). The main idea was that all existing forms of life have evolved out of earlier and simpler biological forms in the earth's geological history. Before his time, the theories of creation and adaptation had been developed. The theory of creation probably had its roots in the Christian bible that stated that God created the Earth, species and human beings. It should be born in mind that the bible is mainly about written human history, which is very short compared to the geological history of the earth. The main idea of the theory of adaptation is that species developed specialized features to adapt to the changed earth environment. To demonstrate the theories simply, here is the question "why does a woodpecker have long beak?". A creationist would answer "God created the woodpecker with its long beak". The adaptationist would answer "A woodpecker gradually developed its long beak because it acted as a tool for the bird to peck holes on the trees in order to store food for the winter; the long beak gives the bird an advantage to survive and prosper". An evolutionist would answer "the woodpecker's ancestors had offsprings with short and long beaks. Those with short beaks died of starvation or did not have as many offsprings. The woodpeckers with long beaks survived and prospered. It is fair to say that the most recent theory of evolution contained elements of creation and adaptation. For example, scientists have claimed that humans evolved from apes, but they have not identified the simplest and earliest organisms that eventually evolved into apes.

Darwin's theory drew from the belief that the universe started in a Big Bang and it has been expanding geometrically like an expanding ball. This lead to his conclusion that favored races have been preserved in Natural Selection and the rest suffered extinction. The geometric expansion view of the universe is clearly incomplete. Celestial bodies follow cyclic movements as we observe today, such as the yearly occurrences of summer and winter on earth. By examining the planets (such as Jupiter) and their moons of the solar system, it is reasonable to suggest that our solar system may revolve around an outside star or stars (such as the North Star Formation), or a black hole. Considering the cyclic changes of Nature, any favored race is so only temporarily. The unfavored race would become favored when the favorable Nature returns.

Human racial differences and similarities were mainly a result of firstly the power and selection of the different natural environments, secondly the selection of different human societies and thirdly genetic variation. Natural selection dictated that humans tended to adopt the color of the environment because of both coloring by food, water, wet air, smoke and solutions as well as camouflage againt enemy animals and humans. Fresh water from the mountains carry black ingredients from forest fire ash and plant decompose. The air that rises from such water stream contains fine particles of such matter. Sea water contains chloride that has a little blue color. The white people with yellow hair were indications of adaptation to the cold, dry and white snow environment in the winter, dry weather and yellow grass and crop hay environment in the summer. Curled hair is an indication of dry air and infrequent washing. In the cold climate, the skin pores contracts to keep out the cold air; whereas in hot climate, the skin pores expand to allow for evaporation. Open pores may also be filled with color material and algae, resulting skin color change. In warm climate, people worked and lived outside all year long and received the energy of the sun, such that the skin gradually turned black. Whereas in cold climate, people had half a year to live and work indoors, such that the skin gradually turned white. Black hair in the dry and intense sunny air would look a little gold-yellowish. Wet hair would look a little dark. The black people with black air were indications of adaptation to the hot, humid and dark rain forest around the equator. Black skin and hair were also caused by burning firewood for cooking and heating. Social selection dictates that the race that adapted to the natural environment best became the dominant class that gradually increased in population, whereas the minority race gradually diminished due to slow birth rate, marital mixing or mutual killing with the dominant race. Social selection also means that different races of humans modified and created their own living and working environments that ensured their own advantage. For example, the European people use a lot of white soap, dye and paint. The white material comes mainly from limestone and other minerals. The people to the west of the Hymalayas have used alphabetical languages and dry land agriculture; and people to the east of the Hymalayas and to the south of the Yellow River have used character-drawing languages and water agriculture of rice paddies and fish ponds. Genetic variation means that odd physical features showed up in individuals who resemble ancesters at an ancient time and/or in a far away land when/where the environment was drastically different. Today's science and technology has unlocked the mystery of colors. Color printers uses the main three colors "RED-YELLOW-GREEN" to mix out numerous different colors. The author studied in Sweden at ages 21 to 24, studied and worked in Canada at ages 26 to 36. The two countries are cold and dry. When I was 40 years old, one third of my hair changed from black to white. This is unusual in my family. When I was at ages 34 to 36, I worked at a mine in Marathon, Ontario, Canada. I saw the Sun very little and my skin became clearly whiter. It should be pointed out that today many people color their hair into any color.

The facial shape, nose height, and eye color are closely related to the living environment and habit. People living close to the North Pole or those in deep valleys and trees are subject to short exposure to the Sun. The sleep for longer hours and the face and the nose tend to become longer. People who sleep on the back of the head tend to grow wider and flatter face than those who sleep on the sides of the head. Head shape also has to do whether a pillow is used. Those who live in cold and dry climate have more difficulty breathing, and the nostrils tend to become larger and the nose tip become longer. Like the hair color, the eye color changes with age. My three year child has black eye balls, myself brown and my 77 year old father had grey-brown eyeballs. Like skin color, eye color gradually adopts the color of the surrounding. In cold snow weather and sea water environment, the eyes would gradually lose the black color ingredient. The pattern of the teeth affect the shape of the face. In the west, children generally adopt the dental procedure to align the teeth in order to eliminate opening and overlapping. In fact, some overlapping of the teeth prevents opening just like the tiles on the roof of a house.

Many land animals do not need salt and many sea animals do not need fresh water to survive. Many species of animals need both fresh water and seawater to survive and propagate. For example, the Salmon fish seedlings grow up in fresh running water; they spend their adult life in the sea and return to the fresh running water where they were born to spawn. Lakes Superior, Michigan, Huron, Erie and Ontario are the largest fresh and cold water reserves on the planet. Fish swim up small streams to spawn or stay in shallow waters of calm bays to spawn at the perimeter of the lake. This indicate that fish can not propagate in the constant waves of the great lakes or seas. This may also indicate that fish not only need fresh water but also nutritious fresh water from the forest to propagate. All humans need a small amount of salt and large amount of fresh water to survive. This indicates that the first humans on Earth likely showed up on the border between fresh water and seawater. Large amounts of persistent fresh water existed only if there was land that was constantly above the sea, although small amount of fresh water was likely available on small coral islands which were likely either built on past volcanos or floating in the ocean.

Fresh water sources were available in river and stream mouths, lagoons as well as caves on shorelines. Constant waves on the endless sea and ocean shorelines prohibit the accumulation of fresh water. For the first humans to survive against odds among all the animals, they likely lived in caves. There is a sea lions' cave on the western coast of Oregon. Sea lions hunt and play in the ocean but rest in the cave. The cave was created by the sea waves on a geological fault zone of fractured rocks. Fresh water is available in the caves as ground water drops in dry days and running water in rainy days. The water brings with it the minerals required for human growth, such as Calcium. Caves exist in many parts of the world. Beautiful limestone caves in Guilin and DongAn of South-Central China are well known. These caves were more than 600 kilometers from the South China Sea. In MaiYuan Village of DongAn, people heated the dark limestone rocks (Calcium Carbonate) in insulated caves to turn it into the white powder Calcium Oxide. This white powder was sprayed in rice fields to not only combat pests and insects but also soften the fresh water from the mountains. The alkaline solution could be used to agitate out and kill fish such as eel, loach and bass to supplement the diet. The solution (Calcium Hydroxide) was occasionally added to eggs to be cooked in steam as food to supplement Calcium. This limestone metallurgy technology was likely accidentally discovered in the cave age of the human kind.

Human conception occurs in a woman's body at about 37 degrees Celsius. Modern technology has made it possible to achieve conception with sperms and eggs stored in cold temperatures. It was possible that sperms and eggs of extra-terrestrial origin existed in frozen water. Such extra-terrestrial origin has been discussed in the previous section. Eruption of volcanoes likely warmed up the water locally. In the area at a safe distance from the volcanoes, constant temperature at about 37 degrees Celsius likely existed and nutrition developed in the warm water. Babies likely emerged from the warm and nutritious water.

Racial differences of humans can be readily explained. Suppose the first humans appeared at a certain distance from the Himalayas. They lived under extremely hostile conditions in terms of shelter, food and enemy animals. They multiplied slowly and hesitated to migrate. Migration on foot was likely dangerous because of its slowness and lack of protection. They likely lived as nocturnal food finders and leave the bright day to large animals such as dinosaurs to enjoy. With the increase of population, they likely used fire (from forest fires and volcanoes) regularly, used stone tools to make wooden bars as weapon, hunted in groups, and formed their first kingdom on the land where they appeared on earth and developed communication methods combining voices, gestures and markings.

With further increase of population and the retreat of water, humans migrated towards the East (such as East and South of China), West (present day Afghanistan and Pakistan), South (today's India etc.) and North (the high lands of Mongolia etc.). Migration to the North likely lagged behind because of the cold weather. Chinese believed that there was heaven in the West, and ancient Chinese literature described west-ward migration. The ancient Chinese strategist SunZi stated the importance of occuying the east slope of a hill in wars. Because the Sun rises from the East, it is more advantageous to migrate from East to West than the reverse. Walking was the mode of migration that resulted in population increase mainly by mating of humans living close to each other. Because there were large animals in rivers, lakes and the ocean as well as the inability to make boats, it was dangerous to migrate on water. Occasional migration on rivers and the ocean, and wars lead to mixing of races. The initial skin differences between human individuals were likely due to exposure to different amount of sunshine and the intake of different amount and types of food. Racial differences were augmented with each generation due to mating of couples living in the same environment and adaptation to the specific natural environment. For example, two slightly white couple gave birth to slightly whiter children, and two slightly dark couple gave birth to slightly darker children. Whiter skin reflects more and absorbs less sun light than darker skin. Therefore, darker skin tends to get darker if the living habits remain unchanged. The same goes with the eye color and shape. Nocturnal humans likely developed large eyes to increase its sensitivity to moon light whereas day light humans developed small and brown eyes to block out some of the sunlight. Blue eyes may be developed in the sea water environment where the the water contains certain blue chloride. Brown eyes may be developed in the mountain water environment where the fresh water contains black fire ash and plant decompose. Those pioneers who live in forests of deep valleys likely slept for longer nights due to shorter days and developed whiter skin, narrower and longer noses, and lightly colored eyes. Furthermore, in the Northern hemisphere, white snow lasts for nearly half a year. Humans tend to adapt to the color of its environment. Humans drink ice water that contain little color algae. Humans who live close to the sea drank water of higher salt content that contained less algae. Humans with light color tend to be more efficient hunters and fighters in the camouflage of the snow. The same goes with dark people in the Southern hemisphere. Like skin color, the hair color depends on the air temperature and humidity, water temperature, mineral and microorganism contents, color ingredient, as well as the types of food. A relevent example is that all types of wood and food turn into black carbon in high temperature environment.

With further increase of population and migration, humans likely tamed wild animals and formed separate nations. They migrated via rivers as well as land. Those who migrated to the west had a long way to go. They likely traveled on narrow path along small streams as well as mountain paths on foot and on animals to Pakistan, Iran, Turkey and the Middle East, Eastern and Southern Europe and Egypt. As the oceans or ice retreated further, lower lands became available for settlement. They eventually migrated to Africa, and Western and Northern Europe. The skin and color of different human races today was a result of different living environments like temperature, wind, sun shine, moisture in the air, food, water, etc. Those who migrated to the west likely experienced more intense struggle for life than those who migrated towards the East. The adopted the agricultural technologies that depended on grasslands. Grass lands are at the mercy of the weather and subject to overgrazing. The pressure for migration and expansion was likely constant. The western migrants likely started to develop a written language that was based on alphabets (like today's Arabic and Hebrew).

On the other hand, the eastern migrants and those who stayed in the first kingdom continued to develop a written language that is based on drawing-like characters like Chinese. The advantage for the western alphabet language was indexing for books. However, in the digital age (that might existed either on Mars or on Earth in the distant past), indexing is not necessary. The Chinese language, for example, no longer lacks the indexing advantage. In the early Chinese civilizations, people had only one distinctive character for a name which became the surname for our 3-character names today. In the Christian bible, the people had only one name which became the first name of the three word western names today. It is likely that the common names in the west and the east had the same origin, although people were called mainly by the first names in the west and by the surnames in the east. The names evolved from simple descriptions of things and characteristics. The following relations of English and Chinese names are given as examples: "Adam (A Dan - Beginning, Egg)", "Eve (Yi Fu - Number one, First Wave, Cloth)", "Moses (Mu Shi - Shepherd, Mao Ze Xi - Mao choose west)", "David (DaHuZi -Beard Man, From Big Lake)", "John (Jiang - River)", "Mathews (Ma Shi - Horse Master)", "Mark (Ma Ke - Horse man)", "Peter (Ping Di - Flat Land)", "Luke (Lu Ke - Road Guest)", "Job (Zhou - Circle, Border)", "Jesus (Ji-Yi Ze Xi - Ji-Yi choose west)". Other examples for names are "Don" (Dong-East) , Ann (An-Peace), Jones (Xiong-Bear, Male Lion), Mary (Ma Li - Horse Benefit) , Clinton (Ke Lin Tun - Anti-Forest Village), Reagan (Lei Gen - Thunder Root), Ford (Fu Di - Happiness Land), Edward (Ai De Hua - love, virtue and Beauty). There are also names for places that came from description of the same thing, such as "Changsha" (Long Beach) and "MaLun"(Marin). There are also such personal names like "Chang Zi"(Longman), "HaiLun"(Helen), "Bing"(Ben), "Gou Zai"(Doug), "Jian" (Jane) and "Wei Lian" (William). There are also similar family names such as general Robert E. Lee of the South Confederate Army and Abraham Lin-coln of the North Union Army in the civil war of the United States as well as Young (Yang and Ya in Chinese). The men farmers in southern China has a tradition of keeping a 1.5 m long 0.2 m wide cotton cloth tie around the waist that is used both as a handkerchief and a rope. This evolved into the western tie for suites today. The farmers use a wooden pole of 1.5 m length to carry things on the shoulders. The pole may be used as a weapon for self protection against animals or criminals. The existence of such a light weapon is the reason why generations of chinese farmers can live together. In MaiYuan dialect, the white spider web is called "Bo Si Wang", where the words "Bo Si" is the same as the Chinese words for Persian. Certain Persian people likely had white hairs. This may indicate that ancestors of China likely had interchange with the Persian people in the remote past. In fact, Marco Polo wrote that a certain Persian princess married into the KUBLAI KAHN's family.

There are words that have the same meaning. The english words "NIL" and "NULL" likely came from the Chinese words "Mei You - Na You". "Sing" sounds like the Chinese "sheng (sound)", "Is" like the Chinese "Shi (is)", "Dwell" like the Chinese "De Huo (get well)", "Evolve" like "Yi Fu (cycle)", "Dancing" like "Dan Sheng (birth)".

The first division of agriculture was likely herding and planting (Genesis 4:2). The first plants that humans grew were likely fruit trees and beans that did not need to be processed for food (the Chinese character for capital number one consists of soil and bean). The humans who migrated to the east soon reached the Pacific coast. They likely started the first agricultural revolution that centered on rice (and wheat) planting. Rice was a more advanced plant than the bean kind because it needed to be processed and cooked. With this technology, people did not have to migrate to survive and prosper. Rice planting is renewable on the same land. Rice plants use photosynthesis for food production. Rice roots were left in the field to replenish nutrients. Fish can also be raised in rice fields. Perhaps more importantly, yearly fresh water brings in needed nutrients from the mountains. Suppose there was a forest fire in the mountains, the ashes are mostly black and the soil mixture was basic in terms of chemistry. It was suitable only for grass or other grass-like food plants like millet and barley. Once the vegetation was burned, the soil underneath it could be carried in rain and snow into streams and rivers. When this water entered the rice fields, the nutrients were absorbed into the rice plants and they also settled into the mud. The water in the rice field was shallow and warm, and they easily evaporated into the air. The moisture gathered into clouds and came down as rain and snow that got started in the forest mountains. A new cycle began. The abundance of water and high humidity of the air help reduce temperature changes between day and night. Reduced temperature changes are crucial for vegetation and wild life growth. The nutrients that came with mountain water may also be essential for fish to prosper in rivers. They are also essential for birds and beasts in the forest and trees to prosper. It may be true that underground water is less nutrious than surface water because it is filtered through the pores of the earth.

Deadly temperature changes between day and night are typical of deserts, the Moon and the planet Mars. It is reasonable to suggest that the rice fields, the rain and the forest depended on one another. The ecosystem would be changed forever towards desert if one of them were to be deleted. In southern China, rains are heavy and continuous in the spring when all rice fields are full of water. But, in the summer, when all rice fields are drained out of water to prepare for the harvest, high temperature and sunny days would persist. For planting the second rice crop, farmers would fight for water from the reservoir as well as crying into the sky for rain. The government used cannons to "shoot down" the cloud. After the second crop is planted in the begining of August and the fields are full of water again and thunder storm would occur. Afterwards, cloudy and rainy days would persist for many days. Cloudy days in the valley indicate rainy days in the forest area in the high hills. The connection between the amount of rain and the amount of water storage on the ground is clear. The above facts lead to the suggestion that extreme weather is a result of extreme farming. Forests may regulate the harvest times of rice at different places due to its effect on local temperature and shade, and they may even out extreme weather. Diversity of plants may also reduce the occurrences of extreme weather. One should not forget that the local and regional weather patterns such as the amount of rain and sun per month and per year vary very much from year to year. The resilience of the ecosystem against such changes is important. Such resilience may come as a result of forests, rivers, pools-ponds-lakes.

There are many similarities between rice fields, grasslands and wheat fields, but there are important differences. Rice fields are most resilient because the mud can store a lot of water and soil nutrition. Rice grains can be in storage for the longest period of time because of their husk. Fish can also be raised in rice fields. Rice hay could be used to make ropes, cover house, feed cows, and make paper. Rice field could be used to grow vegetables in the winter. It is suitable to grow in valleys where water and nutrition are abundant. This forces people to protect trees on the hills such that good recycling occurs in the ecosystem. Grassland is least resilient. It is not siutable if there is too much or too little water. It is suitable to grow on hills. This forces people to cut (trees), burn (vegetation) and kill (animals), resulting in permanent destruction of the ecosystem. Dairy products can be stored for the shortest time. In fact, dairy products must be stored in ice or refrigeration that consumes valuable energy. Underground water or well water as a result of rainfall is probably the cleanest but not the richest of all, because the water is first filtered in evaporation and then in the porous soil. Roots of trees act as networks of water conduits and reserviors. Cool air in the forest and large areas of trees is the cleanest of all because it is a result of photosynthesis and moisture. Therefore, fruit trees serve three purposes of producing fruits, purifying the air and filtering the water. Wheat stands somewhere between grassland and rice fields. Grasslands and wheat fields produces its own nutrients through photosynthesis as long as there is regular rainfall. But, if the ecosystem is destroyed and there is no rain, they will become wasted. Spanish explorer Marco Polo (1254-1323) called China "CATHAY". He likely saw "CUT-HAY" everywhere. Here, the HAY likely refered to rice or wheat hay that was different from the grass hay in his own country or Mongolia.

From earth environment point view, the rice plant has still more advantages than wheat and grassland. Since the very survival of life on earth depends on water and humans are on the top of the food chains, birth and population control that is based on water-reliant rice production ensures and sustains all life and plants on our planet. Fish, frogs, birds, ducks can survive in the rice fields and they help control pests. Pigs, chicken, geese and cow can be raised with the by-products of rice plant. Rice hey could be used for the roof of utility huts. Thus, humans are self-reliant giving wildlife a chance to survive. Many people think that water does not have nutrition. In fact, water is rich in Calcium and other minerals that are essential for humans and animals, as well as micro-organisms that are essential for fish and animals. Large amounts of water makes the air rich in moisture and oxygen, leading to reduction in temperature differences between day and night, benefiting plants and wildlife. It should be pointed out that population control by natural river-reliant food does not mean only rice plant is needed but not dry land food. For example, certain land areas that are suitable for rice plant are also suitable for milk cows, trees or fish. Less population can be supported this way, which is in agreement with the "Rice Plant - Mouths" population control dialectics. It should also be pointed out that the practice of building water reserviors to turn dry land into plantation fields doe not fall into the "Rice Plant - Mouths" population control dialectics.

Africa is the largest land that lies across the equator of the earth. Air temperature and humidity are high all year long. The sunlight slowly transforms the human skin into a dark color. Heat transfer from the body to the environment was crucial for the survival and prosperity of humans. The black color for the skin makes such transfer efficient. Further more, black skin absorbs the sunlight efficiently, which makes the black skin even darker. The ancestors of African people lived in deep black-blue rain forest. Black color is a very good to conceal.

In Northern Europe, the air temperature is usually much lower than the body temperature. Heat storage and insulation is crucial for survival and prosperity. Humans in the north tend to have more body weight due to more fat. Fat is efficient for storing heat and keeping heat inside the body. Further more, white skin reflects sunlight, which makes it hard to turn black. Human skin tends to become red in the strong sunlight under clear sky. But, with tall trees, the people in the north are exposed to very little sunlight in a year. They spent less time outdoors in the cold winter. The cold temperature makes it hard for microorganisms to grow. The food and water are much less likely to contain microorganisms. Humans have yellow, brown or white hair color which may be attributed to the white snow, crop and soil color, the water, and dry and cold air. The milk they drink came from cows of similar hair color. Milk cows were likely bred from the Water Buffalo. The descendants of the same Water Buffalo in east Asia are used to plow the rice fields. They adopted the dark color of the mud in the rice fields. Yellow hair is an intermediate color between black and white. It allows heat radiation from the head to air as easily as from air into head.

People in eastern Asia live in warm and humid environment due to geographic location and water-intensive rice fields. In the summer, air temperature usually approaches that of the body and it occasionally exceeds the body temperature. Heat diffusion from the body to the environment is crucial for survival and prosperity. They tend to have less body weight. Skin color varies from dark to white depending on daily exposure to the sunshine. Like the black people in Africa and the dark people in Central and South America, black hair is efficient to diffuse the heat of the head. It is also efficient in absorbing the heat of the air and/or sunlight. Pyramid shaped head cover made of woven bamboo, interlaced with the brown fabric from the Chinese Palm trees, and painted in yellow tung oil are used by farmer to shield against the sun and rain. The black hair color may have to with the color of the mud in the rice field. The color of the mud may have derived from the yearly fresh water that brought nutrients from the mountains (such as ashes of the burnt forest). It is also possible that certain minerals and microorganisms in the water attributed to the black color. It is probable that the black hair color is caused by burning firewood for cooking and charcoal for heating in winter. The effect of water on skin color is the same as a result of bathing. Those who live in cold weather and/or drink distilled water regularly have whiter skin color.

It is usually believed that rocks have permanent color that does not change with time. But, there is contrary evidence on the mouuntains of Yellow Mud Hollow (Fig. 5). The water falls at about 500 m elevation occurs on a hard gabbro rock. On the right hand side, it is intensely jointed rock cliff that has a red-yellow color. However, if the color coating is chipped away, the inside rock is actually greyish black. Because of the running water, the color has not dissipated into the rockmass. However at other places along the road, the rocks have been subject to drying and weathering, and they contain a lot of open fractures. With the continuous work of rain and running water, the rocks have adopted the color of the yellow soil. If rocks can change color, the human skin and hair color can also change.

For a discussion on the origin of the human race, one can not avoid the question of inheritance versus adaptation from one generation to another. Physical characteristics, such as hair color, shape and color of the eyes and stature, are inheritable, adaptable and variable. There is an example of variable inheritence for the eye color in MaiYuan village. Shown below is a photograph of the author and the man. My eye color is typically bown, whereas his eyes are greenish blue. He said that his parents had the common eye color. It becomes complex as for mental characteristics. Borrowing from current knowledge about genetics and computers, it is likely that the physical part of the mental characteristics, such as the amount of memory units in the brain, are inheritable, adaptable and variable. The knowledge and its organization stored in the memory units are most likely only adaptable. In other words, they are built up in the specific environment after conception. The accumulation of knowledge occurs in two different ways:

(I) Knowledge of Experience, that is, the things that are seen, heard and read automatically leave images in the brain. This type of knowlege is temporary, and it appears or disappears with the change of time and place. But, if the same experience is repeated many times, or if it is an extraordinary event, it leaves imprints that will be lasting. It type of knowledge is difficult to be documented.

(II) Knowledge of Logic, that is, the things that are seen, heard and read are analyzed, processed and abstracted. The result is stored in the brain in a certain order. This type of knowledge lasts long and is subject to less distortion. It is easy to be documented.

It is not entirely appropriate to compare the human brain to a computer. But, there is similarities. The computer hardware part may be compared to the physical brain, and the computer software may be compared to knowledge in the brain. The computer system is no use if there is no software, and the software is no use if it is not installed in the computer. The quality of both software and hardware determines how good the computer system is. The hardware and software depends on each other for improvement. Of course, the computer does not work without electricity and an appropriate working environment. The memory in human brain is more like the RAM of the computer than the harddisk. This is the reason why humans have employed writing to relieve the brain of the burden of book keeping.

Nationalities have been mixed through marriage. The MaiYuan village of EastPeace county is a good example. The mothers of fifteen generations in the author's family had the following surnames: Xi, Xia, (Wei, Chen), Xia, Li, (Wu, Xi), Xiao, Tang, Xia, Wang, Hu, Zhang, Xia, Wang, Wang. This indicates that the author is related in blood to many persons by the above surnames. The theory of the martian origin of the human race implies that all humans on earth are related in blood.

The following is a portrait of the 7 members of my own immediate family. We grew up in different social conditions and natural environments that made us different from each other physically and spiritually. We are equal partners in the family and society. Short descriptions of each individual follow the picture.

Table 3. Physical Characteristics for Author's Family.

Relation	Age	Height (m)	Weight (kg)	Profession	Characteristics
Father	77	1.75	60 - 50	Soldier,Farmer,elementary school teacher	Nice Man
Mother	73	1.60	40	Elementary school teacher
Eldest brother	57	1.79	80	Construction worker,farmer	Long Big Fellow
Elder sister	46	1.67	60	Farmer,elementary school teacher	Follower
Elder brother	45	1.67	60 - 55	Farmer,middle school teacher	Medium Size
Myself	40	1.77	60	Professor,engineer,entrepreneur	Thin Man
Younger sister	37	1.60	45	Technician,insurance sales

9. Propagation of Human Culture

MaiYuan-Pulsehead village is located in the border region between Hunan Province and GuangXi Zhuang Autonomous Region. The MaiYuan-Pulsehead elders used to worship "Ga La" (dialect) or "Jia Lao" (standard Chinese), that is, ancesters. "Ga La" and "Jia Lao" sounded like "God" in English or "Jah" in Hebrew, respectively. The English word "Gospel" (meaning definitive truth and teachings) likely came from the Chinese words "Ga Pu (Family Book)".

The earliest ancester for the Yi families of MaiYuan-Pulsehead was YI LING GONG, also called Jiang ZiiYa. The documented path of their migration was TaiYuan-GreatPlain City of ShanXi Province -> JiangSu Province -> TaiHe-GreatPeace county of JiangXi Proviince -> YiJiaWang-YiBay of XiangTang prefecture of Hunan Province -> YiYang City -> XiaZiXian of BaoQing-ShaoYang prefecture -> MaiYuan-Pulsehead village of DangAn-EastPeace county of YongZhou prefecture. The twelve sentences and the fifty two characters in them represent the twelve months and fifty two weeks in a year. If "Jiang Zi Ya" is read backwards, "Ya Zi Jiang", sounds the same as "Yang Zi Jiang" (Yangtz River). The English first name "JOHN" (the Baptizer) and the Chinese family name "JIANG" (meaning river) may have its origin here. "Ya" means the sprout of plant and it also represents the shape "Y" at the merging of two streams or rivers into one. The Chinese character "Jiang" symbolizes "beautiful women". Therefore, "Jiang Zi Ya" refers to the river delta area with lots of produce and beautiful women. The place name "YINing" and the river beside it "YILI River" at the border area in the North-West of XinJiang Province of China is likely the ancient origin for the "YI" and "LI" families. The English letter "Y" looks like a river. The English word "river" starts with "r" that also look like a river. The English place name postfix "SHIRE" (as in YORKSHIRE, YORK was the ruling family of England 1461-1485) and the Chinese administrative unit "Xian (county)" may have the same origin. The English Queen "ELIZABETH" may be related to the above "YILI" river.

The ancient Chinese book "I Ching" sounds and means the same as "YI JING", and "YI JING" means the same as "YI LING". Therefore, "I Ching" originated from "YI LING". "MaiYuan" in China sounds similar to "MaYa" in Central America. The Chinese people and the Native American people have the same hair, eye and skin color. "I Ching" divination used two digits "__" and "_ _" to construct thirty two different characters, each with six layers. "__" symbolizes 1 or YIN and "_ _" symbolizes 0 or YAN. The MAYA language used three digits to construct all numbers in the base-20 system (see Fig. 8). "__" represents "5", "o" represents "1", and the crescent moon shape represents zero. Such language evidences show that "MaiYuan" and "MaYa" likely have the same origin.

The Chinese character for "YI" symbolizes walking and flying creatures (with humans included). "YI" sounds like "Yi (wings of birds)" , "Yi (clothes)" and "YIN". "YI" looks like the traditional Chinese character "Ma (horse)". "YI" means change-movement with time, clothing, amiable, plain, trade, etc.. "YI" constitutes the right half of the traditional character for "Yan (sun)". In the ancient HuangDi times of 5000 years ago, the sun was likely worshiped as the firy God who could hear and see. Thus, "YI" also symbolizes the sun. Hence, "YI" is the unity and balance of "YIN" and "YAN". "YI" also sounds like "YI (different)", implying that we are different from other animals in the world. "LING" means spirit and forest. The word "GOD" contains "GO". "GO" has a meaning that is contained in the Chinese word "YI". GOD is number one in the universe. "YI" is pronunced as the number "1" in Chinese. "GOD" is spirit, i.e. "LING" in Chinese. This indicates that "GOD" and "YI LING" may have the same origin. "GOD" is part of "GOOD", and this is demonstrated in the Christian Bible (see books of "Genesis" and "Exodus"). YI LING GONG PU is all GOOD. This shows the difference between western and eastern cultures. The positive encouragement of the YI LING GONG PU and the negative warning of the Bible are complementary for the benefit of humans. "GOD" included "DOG". Therefore, GOD and "LING" included animals and plants. The book of Genesis of the Christian Bible wrote that GOD created the first human in the "Garden of Eden". Since "EDEN" sounds like "YI DE" . The "Garden of Eden" likely came from "YI Land". Since "YI" sounds the same as number "ONE" in Chinese, "Garden of Eden", "YI Land" and "First Land" refer to the same thing. "Yiddish" is a Hebrew language that was used by Jews in Northern Europe. "Yiddish" likely came from "YI". "GONG" sound like "GONG" (Arch) and looks like a mountain peak. It means stability, public service, support, bridge, strength and greatness. GONG also means "LEI GONG" (i.e., Thunder God). YI LING GONG and the Christian idea that GOD is Son, Holy Spirit and Father in one are in agreement. They have the same origin. "PU" means "universal", "spectrum (diversity)", "charter", "genealogy", "servant" and "poem", etc.. The persons "MOSES" and "JESUS" as pronounced in English and Swedish may be translated into Chinese as "Mao Choose West" (God talked to Moses in Thunder) and "Ji-Yi Choose West - Anti-Thunder Master".

According to a Chinese legend, the great person "YU" defeated flood, and his son founded the first kingdom "XIA" (pronounced as "YA" in MaiYuan dialect) dynasty (2100-1600 BC). "YU" likely transformed from fish "YU", and he was empowered whenever rain "YU" fell. "YI" and "YA" likely originated from the legendary "YU". The Chinese "YIN" and "YANG" and the Western letters "Y", "I" and "A" likely originated from "YI" and "YA". The primitive humans likely relied on fish as food to a large degree (Fig. 28a,b). Words in the English language like "INN", "EASY-YIELDING" and "ENG-LAND" likely originated from "YI". The Hebrew spelling for the name "ISRAEL" is "YISRAEL" ( Shamir and Shaut 1987). It likely came from "YI". The word "ISLAND" in Swedish and English likely came from "YI" as well. The English words "fishy" and "fix" likely represent two opposing attitudes toward the above Chinese legend. The sun's another dialect pronounciation was "SUN" as in the book "SunZi Military Arts". This pronounciation for the sun was adopted in the English language. The nations to the west of China are called "YIN" or "YI", and the nations to the east of China are called "YAN" or Sun. For examples, India means in Chinese "YIN Land"; Iran sounds like "YI Land"; Iraq sounds like "YI NaKe (Where will YI go?)"; Yisrael sounds like "YI SiRei", meaning "Yi remember the thunder"; Jordan sounds like "Jo Di" meaning "at the foot or bottom" in DongAn-EastPeace dialect. Egypt sounds like "YI JiPu" meaning "YI continue with the PU"; Ethyopia sounds like "Yi SiE" meaning "Yi remember the geese". Italy sounds like "YI DaLi" meaning "Yi's great benefit". France sounds like "Fu Luan Xi" meaning "Wealth caused Unrest in West". Vatican sounds like "" meaning "Meal Replace Steel". England sounds like "YIN Land". Russia sounds like "LuXi" meaning "road to the west". To the east of China are Korea meaning "Face Sun" in Chinese and Japan meaning "Sun Land" in Chinese. The Islam religion might have come from "YI Si Lan" meaning "YI Remember the Blue" and Muslim religion from "Shephard (Ma) Remember the Forest". The Persian dynasties "SHAH" after the 16th century may have origin in the Chinese "XIA". The English name "Charles (Xia's Offspring)" might be ralated to the above name "XIA". The "AIDS Virus" is the most recent word that is derived from the "Spoil Children Disease" of the Chinese language.

Figure 28b. Steele river near Marathon Ontario where one feet long fish swim up from Lake Superior to spawn here.

Verse 3, Chapter 3 of the Book of Genesis of the Bible wrote "But as for [eating] of the fruit of the tree that is in the middle of the garden, God has said, 'You must not eat from it, no, You must not touch it that you do not die.". It is postulated that the primitive humans lived in the vicinity of waters. They ate fish and other meats. The time when they began to eat fruit marked a milestone in human history. From that point on, food could be stored for a long time; surplus food was available; human life became more stable; and humans began spiritual life. The description of creation of humans by GOD was the documentation of verbal legend. Verbal legend is one kind of spiritual life that originated from the milestone.

The Chinese pronunciation for " YI" and "LING" are the same as the roman numerals "1" and "0" respectively. The two numbers are the basis of mathematics and science. The number "1" conceptualizes "Gradual Change". If it is multiplied or divided by any other number, it does not alter the other number, but if it is added or subtracted by any other number, it causes gradual change in the other number. Therefore, "YI" is to "keep others and make them change gradually". The number "0" conceptualize "spirit". If it is multiplied or divided by any other number, it nullifies the end result. If it divides any other number, the end result is infinity. If it is added to a number, it is invisible. If it subtracts a number, it make the result negative. Therefore, "Ling" is invisible enery. "YI LING" is invincible energy flow or power. The "gradual cyclic change" or "ZHOU YI" or "I CHING" is one form of "YI LING" that does not contain another type of change, i.e., the "sudden change". The Chinese classics "I Ching" ("Book of Cyclic Change" or "Mountain Chains" or "Ground Treasures") written more than four thousand years ago likely originated from "YI LING". The purpose of YI LING GONG PU was to move the human society towards gradual progress and prevent abrupt change. From the philosophical point of view, "YI LING GONG" means that the universe is made up of living things, Change-Movement, Spirit and Matter. Modern materialist dialectics from the West considered that the universe is made up of Matter and Spirit and that Matter is changing constantly. These two statements are basically the same except the the latter does not distinguish between life and matter. Combining the Chinese and Western philosophies, we may suggest a four element philosophy that the universe is made up of Living Things, Change-Movement, Spirit and Matter. "YI LING GONG" also represent the combination of "Human, Social and Natural Sciences". Hence, "YI LING GONG PU" represent the origin and essence of our civilization.

The basic twelve English numbers may have derived from Chinese words on the basis of pronunciation (Fig. 20). These Chinese words described things that are important for living. (0) ZERO from "Zei Lai Lo" meaning home security; (i) ONE from "Wan" meaning many related and sometimes contradictory things such as bowl, playing, late, finished, king, etc; (ii) TWO from "Tu" meaning soil or land and road, etc; (iii) THREE from "Shui" meaning water, (iv) FOUR from "Huo" meaning fire, (v) FIVE from "Fan" meaning food and shelter, (vi) SIX from "Shui Xi or Se Shi" meaning water stream or marriage, (vii) SEVEN from "Shen Fen" meaning profession and identification, (viii) EIGHT from "Er Zi" meaning son, (viiii) NINE from "Nai" meaning horse and cow and endurance, (x) TEN from "Tan" meaning meaning charcoal, pond, sweet, houses, talking, etc.; (xi) ELEVEN from "YI FU" meaning clothes.

The character of "Peace" in Chinese consists of "Rice" and "Mouth", symbolizing that the peace is the balance of food and population. The English word "Hey" (meaning dried grass) sounds the same as "He". The main western food such as "Milk" and "Beef" are derived from hey. Therefore, the western word "Hey" may have originated from the Chinese word "He". Another Chinese word "Zhou Yi" (i.e., cyclic change) or "Lun Hui"(??) was translated into western language as "REVOLUTION". After travelling around the earth via America and back to China, it became "Ge Ming"(??) which contained killing in meaning. The word "REVOLVER" is one of the earliest hand-gun that has a revolving magazine. On the other hand, the word "EVOLVE" may have come from the Chinese words "WAVE AFTER WAVE" for weather change and water waves.

10. Concluding Remarks

1. The earth was a firy place like today's Venus. In the evolution of the planets of the solar system, the Sun's energy decreased, the planets in the solar system experienced catastrophic changes, and the earth cooled off. The earth used to have its special self-rotation mode. Its Northern (or possibly the Eastern) Hemisphere faced the Sun all the time and it was firy hot; its Southern (or possibly the Western) Hemisphere was hidden from the Sun all the time and it was ice. In the last catastrophic event on the planets of the solar system, the moon arrived at the earth. The earth changed its orbit around the Sun, self-rotation axis and mode to the present state. This led to the distinction of day and night in about equal duration and the distinction of winter and summer. The resulting great global flood or ice covered all earth's surface area except for the KunLun Mountains. The American continent likely started to form after this event.
2. Martians landed on earth either actively or passively. In an active landing, Martians likely engineered the global changes of the earth; and they chose the right time and place to land on earth. It was likely that only a handful of Astronauts escaped from the death on Mars. The technologies that the Martians used to escape likely also led to the destruction of life on Mars. In a passive landing, the Martians, their fertilized eggs or their DNA were carried by huge meteorites that landed in the ocean ice or by the comets that came across the earth's orbit around the Sun.
4. The first humans emerged on the KunLun Mountains to the north of the Himalayas, the highest lands on earth. The KunLun mountains at that time were all forest. Today's Tarim Basin desert was blue sea at that time. After the water flood receded, humans continuously multiplied. They migrated to east, west and south along streams, in rivers, on lakes, on sea coast, or along trails. Today, there are two major language systems in the world, imitated characters and spelling phoneticized alphabetical words. The characters are two-dimensional drawing structure that are visual with rich meanings in addition to the one-dimensional pronunciation. The Chinese characters are easy to recognize and memorize, hard to forget, and occupy less paper space. The Chinese language should be suitable for the blind people to touch. The spelling words are one dimensional codes (spelling and pronounciation are the same) that are easily ordered and searched. The two language systems are complementary.

(2) The rest of the inner planets of the solar system: Venus and Mercury, have no satellites. They will not be able to support life in the remote future, unless another catastrophic event would happen in the solar system that would cause the dislocation of planets and moons. The theory of the Martian Origin of the Human Race would help us realize that the earth resources are precious and limited. On the one hand, it would motivate us to protect, study and respect Nature; and on the other hand, use Nature for the benefits of ourselves and our next generations. The theory would also help us realize that we have common ancesters and related in blood. Wars do not represent justice. Luxuries and waste are not symbols of happiness. On the contrary, these are crimes against Nature and next generations. There are different kinds of resources in different parts of the world, and their shared use enriches our life.

(3) The Darwin's theory of evolution through natural selection and adaption is essentially true except that the evolution on earth is merely part of that in the solar system. The changes that animals and humans made to the natural environment are part of their own evolution. If human being evolved from ape, then ape or its DNA likely had an extraterrestrial origin.

(4) Our sustainable existence and development on earth will depend on the use of the most abundant natural sources such as sun light and moon light, wind and water, heat and cold. The increases of population and manufactured products have caused increasing environmental pollution. Like drug and poison, the concentration in time and space (volume) are the conditions for destroying living things or breeding disease. Therefore, we should make use of the most abundant natural resource - Time, as well as distributed ways of living and production. The use of artificial cooling in summer and heating in winter aiming at maintaining constant living conditions throughout the year consumes a lot of natural resources. It is against the laws of Nature.

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Appendix 1. YI LING GONG PU

Appendix 2. YI LING GONG PU of TaiHe-GreatPeace