依据National Archives and Records Administration 全文翻译。
译者：易小平(2001年于加拿大B.C.省，2002年3月修改)。
Chinese Translation by Yi Xiaoping (Year 2001 in B.C., Canada, revision March 2002 in California).

The Declaration of Independence独立宣言
A Transcription文书纪录

IN CONGRESS, July 4, 1776.
1776年7月4日在议会里
The unanimous Declaration of the thirteen united States of America，
美洲13州合众国一致宣告：

We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.--That to secure these rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed, --That whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new Government, laying its foundation on such principles and organizing its powers in such form, as to them shall seem most likely to effect their Safety and Happiness. Prudence, indeed, will dictate that Governments long established should not be changed for light and transient causes; and accordingly all experience hath shewn, that mankind are more disposed to suffer, while evils are sufferable, than to right themselves by abolishing the forms to which they are accustomed. But when a long train of abuses and usurpations, pursuing invariably the same Object evinces a design to reduce them under absolute Despotism, it is their right, it is their duty, to throw off such Government, and to provide new Guards for their future security.--Such has been the patient sufferance of these Colonies; and such is now the necessity which constrains them to alter their former Systems of Government. The history of the present King of Great Britain is a history of repeated injuries and usurpations, all having in direct object the establishment of an absolute Tyranny over these States. To prove this, let Facts be submitted to a candid world.
显而易见，众夫子生而平等。上帝赋予他们一些不可离身的权利，其中保括生命、解放和对幸福的追求。为保障这些权利，众夫子组成政府，其权力来自被领导者的许可。每当政府机构(译注，上层建筑)妨碍这些目的时，人民有权改变或废除之，并且建立新的政府。新政府的纲领和权利设置要尽可能地保证人民的安全和幸福。诚然，从谨慎的态度出发，历史悠久的政府不得因为轻薄和短逝的原因而改变。历史经验表明，每当人民为正义而废除所熟悉的政府机构(译注，上层建筑)时，人民易于受苦。尽管为清除邪恶而受苦是值得的。当一连串的掠待和掠夺表明该政府在有计划地把人民化为极端独裁的对象时，人民有权利有义务推翻它，建立新的卫兵来维护未来的安宁。本殖民地人民已经耐心忍受。这就是为什么人民必须改变过去的统治系统。现今的大英帝国黄帝的历史是不断造成伤害和掠夺的历史。其目的是对各州实行绝对独裁。为证实这一点，让如下事实公诸于世。

He has refused his Assent to Laws, the most wholesome and necessary for the public good.
他拒绝签署公众利益所必须的，最完整的法律。

He has forbidden his Governors to pass Laws of immediate and pressing importance, unless suspended in their operation till his Assent should be obtained; and when so suspended, he has utterly neglected to attend to them.
他禁止总督签署紧急法律，要求缓期等待他的批准。可是一旦缓期，他便置之不理。

He has refused to pass other Laws for the accommodation of large districts of people, unless those people would relinquish the right of Representation in the Legislature, a right inestimable to them and formidable to tyrants only.
他拒绝通过其它有益于广大区域人民的法律，却要求该人民放弃其在议会的代表权。这一权利对人民是无价之宝，而对独裁者是残酷的工具。

He has called together legislative bodies at places unusual, uncomfortable, and distant from the depository of their public Records, for the sole purpose of fatiguing them into compliance with his measures.
他在不寻常，不舒适，远离公众档案馆的地点召集议会。其维一的目的是疲劳议员，使之接受皇旨。

He has dissolved Representative Houses repeatedly, for opposing with manly firmness his invasions on the rights of the people.
因议会坚决反对他对人民权利的侵犯，他多次解除议会。

He has refused for a long time, after such dissolutions, to cause others to be elected; whereby the Legislative powers, incapable of Annihilation, have returned to the People at large for their exercise; the State remaining in the mean time exposed to all the dangers of invasion from without, and convulsions within.
在解除议会后的长时间内，国家面临外来侵略，内部暴乱，他却拒绝选举议会。议会政治在此时已被人民采纳，不可废除。

He has endeavoured to prevent the population of these States; for that purpose obstructing the Laws for Naturalization of Foreigners; refusing to pass others to encourage their migrations hither, and raising the conditions of new Appropriations of Lands.
他竭力防止各州的移民进入，阻止通过外国人如籍的法律。拒绝通过鼓励人员流动的法律，提高分田分地的条件。

He has obstructed the Administration of Justice, by refusing his Assent to Laws for establishing Judiciary powers.
他拒绝签署建立司法权力的法律，从而阻止了伸张正义。

He has made Judges dependent on his Will alone, for the tenure of their offices, and the amount and payment of their salaries.
他随意任命法官，确定其任期和薪金。

He has erected a multitude of New Offices, and sent hither swarms of Officers to harrass our people, and eat out their substance.
他树立无数新的公职，派出无数官员来骚扰我们的人民，吃掉他们的粮食。

He has kept among us, in times of peace, Standing Armies without the Consent of our legislatures.
在和平时期，他不征得我们议会的同意而在我们中间派遣正规军队。

He has affected to render the Military independent of and superior to the Civil power.
他把军队置于民政权利之上。

He has combined with others to subject us to a jurisdiction foreign to our constitution, and unacknowledged by our laws; giving his Assent to their Acts of pretended Legislation:

For Quartering large bodies of armed troops among us；

For protecting them, by a mock Trial, from punishment for any Murders which they should commit on the Inhabitants of these States；

For cutting off our Trade with all parts of the world；

For imposing Taxes on us without our Consent；

For depriving us in many cases, of the benefits of Trial by Jury；

For transporting us beyond Seas to be tried for pretended offences；

For abolishing the free System of English Laws in a neighbouring Province, establishing therein an Arbitrary government, and enlarging its Boundaries so as to render it at once an example and fit instrument for introducing the same absolute rule into these Colonies；

For taking away our Charters, abolishing our most valuable Laws, and altering fundamentally the Forms of our Governments；

For suspending our own Legislatures, and declaring themselves invested with power to legislate for us in all cases whatsoever.
他与他人一道把外来权势强加于我们的宪法，签署这种强加的法律。例如：

在我们中间派遣大量的军队；

利用假审判来保护自己，逃避在各州谋杀居民的罪责；

截断我们与世界的贸易；

未经我们许可而强加苛税；

在许多场合，剥夺我们应该享有的法庭审判；

把我们押送到海外、以莫虚有的罪名审判；

在邻省废除自由的英国法律系统、建立独断政府、扩张其边界，并且以此为例，把独断专横引入这些殖民地；

取缔我们的宪章，废除我们的良法，根本改变我们的政府机构(译注，上层建筑)；

中断我们的议会，宣称他们自己有立法权。

He has abdicated Government here, by declaring us out of his Protection and waging War against us.
他取缔了这里的政府，宣布不再保护我们，并对我们开战。

He has plundered our seas, ravaged our Coasts, burnt our towns, and destroyed the lives of our people.
他掠夺了我们的海洋，蹂躏了我们的海岸，焚烧了我们的城镇，践踏了我们人民的生活。

He is at this time transporting large Armies of foreign Mercenaries to compleat the works of death, desolation and tyranny, already begun with circumstances of Cruelty & perfidy scarcely paralleled in the most barbarous ages, and totally unworthy the Head of a civilized nation.
他此时此刻在派遣大批的外国杀手，从事死亡、焚烧和暴政勾当，其残酷程度即使在最野蛮的时代也无与纶比，不配文明国度的首脑。

He has constrained our fellow Citizens taken Captive on the high Seas to bear Arms against their Country, to become the executioners of their friends and Brethren, or to fall themselves by their Hands.
他胁迫远海的捕虏拿起枪来对准自己的国家，枪杀自己的朋友和兄弟，或自杀。

He has excited domestic insurrections amongst us, and has endeavoured to bring on the inhabitants of our frontiers, the merciless Indian Savages, whose known rule of warfare, is an undistinguished destruction of all ages, sexes and conditions.
他在我们中间引发暴动，派遣无情的印地安杀手谋杀国境线上的居民。这种凶手的维一战斗方式是不分年龄、性别和身体状况、一律灭绝。

In every stage of these Oppressions We have Petitioned for Redress in the most humble terms: Our repeated Petitions have been answered only by repeated injury. A Prince whose character is thus marked by every act which may define a Tyrant, is unfit to be the ruler of a free people.
在遭受这些压迫的不同阶段，我们都谦卑请愿。然而我们不断的请愿带来的却是不断的伤害。这样一个暴君公主不配统治一个自由的民族。

Nor have We been wanting in attentions to our Brittish brethren. We have warned them from time to time of attempts by their legislature to extend an unwarrantable jurisdiction over us. We have reminded them of the circumstances of our emigration and settlement here. We have appealed to their native justice and magnanimity, and we have conjured them by the ties of our common kindred to disavow these usurpations, which, would inevitably interrupt our connections and correspondence. They too have been deaf to the voice of justice and of consanguinity. We must, therefore, acquiesce in the necessity, which denounces our Separation, and hold them, as we hold the rest of mankind, Enemies in War, in Peace Friends.
我们没有对不列颠兄弟提出苛刻的要求。他们的议会强权于我们，我们对之常常提出警告，提醒过他们我们为何移居此地。我们曾呼吁他们伸张正义和大度，从骨肉关系着想而免除掠夺，因为这必然中断我们之间的联系和通讯。可是，他们仍然对正义和血缘之声闭耳不听。因此，我们必须无视他们对分裂的谴责，在和平与战争的问题上把他们与人类其它国族同等对待。

We, therefore, the Representatives of the united States of America, in General Congress, Assembled, appealing to the Supreme Judge of the world for the rectitude of our intentions, do, in the Name, and by Authority of the good People of these Colonies, solemnly publish and declare, That these United Colonies are, and of Right ought to be Free and Independent States; that they are Absolved from all Allegiance to the British Crown, and that all political connection between them and the State of Great Britain, is and ought to be totally dissolved; and that as Free and Independent States, they have full Power to levy War, conclude Peace, contract Alliances, establish Commerce, and to do all other Acts and Things which Independent States may of right do. And for the support of this Declaration, with a firm reliance on the protection of divine Providence, we mutually pledge to each other our Lives, our Fortunes and our sacred Honor.
因此，作为美利坚合众国的人民代表，我们在议会聚会，为正道而向世界最高法官请愿。我们代表各殖民地的爱好正义的人民庄严宣告：
一个联合的殖民地有权成为自由独立的国度；我们解脱对不列颠皇帝的任何依附；我们已经而且应该取消与大英帝国的所有纽带；作为独立自由的国度，我们完全有权征战、谈和、立盟、通商，以及做任何其它独立国度有权做的一切事情。除了坚定地依靠上天的保佑，我们互相以生命、财产和声誉来承诺，以支持该宣告。

The 56 signatures on the Declaration appear in the positions indicated:
56个签名者姓名及顺序如下：

Georgia: Button Gwinnett Lyman Hall George Walton
North Carolina: William Hooper Joseph Hewes John Penn
South Carolina: Edward Rutledge Thomas Heyward, Jr. Thomas Lynch, Jr. Arthur Middleton
Massachusetts: John Hancock
Maryland: Samuel Chase William Paca Thomas Stone Charles Carroll of Carrollton
Virginia George Wythe Richard Henry Lee Thomas Jefferson Benjamin Harrison Thomas Nelson, Jr. Francis Lightfoot Lee Carter Braxton
Pennsylvania: Robert Morris Benjamin Rush Benjamin Franklin John Morton George Clymer James Smith George Taylor James Wilson George Ross
Delaware: Caesar Rodney George Read Thomas McKean
New York: William Floyd Philip Livingston Francis Lewis Lewis Morris
New Jersey: Richard Stockton John Witherspoon Francis Hopkinson John Hart Abraham Clark
New Hampshire: Josiah Bartlett William Whipple
Massachusetts: Samuel Adams John Adams Robert Treat Paine Elbridge Gerry
Rhode Island Stephen Hopkins William Ellery
Connecticut: Roger Sherman Samuel Huntington William Williams Oliver Wolcott
New Hampshire: Matthew Thornton

END OF DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE.
独立宣言文章末尾。

Translator's Notes: The following major war events are from the book entitled Chronicle of America published by Dorling Kindersley Publishing, Inc. New York.
译者注：如下主要战争时间摘自Chronicle of America，出版者 Dorling Kindersley Publishing, Inc. New York.
April 1775 - first hostility of the War of Independence in Massachusetts.独立战争首次敌意。
July 4, 1776 - Declaration of Independence in Philadelphia.费城独立宣言。
1781 - Principal British army surrends.英军主力投降。
1783 - Peace treaty between Britain and United States.英美和平条约。
1799 - U.S.-French Naval War.美法海战。
1812 - U.S.-Britain War.美英战争。
1846 - U.S.-Mexico War.美-墨西哥战争。
1861 - 1865 Civil War, more than 600,000 death. 美国内战(主要是奴隶问题)，死亡人数600,000。