A n i m a l W r i t e s © sm
The official ANIMAL RIGHTS ONLINE newsletter
Editor
~ JJswans@aol.com
Issue # 06/01/03
Publisher ~ Susan
Roghair - EnglandGal@aol.com
Journalists ~ Greg Lawson - ParkStRanger@aol.com
~ Michelle Rivera
- MichelleRivera1@aol.com
~ Dr. Steve
Best - sbest1@elp.rr.com
THE ARTICLES IN THIS ISSUE ARE:
1 ~ 18 Reasons Jews Shouldn't Be Vegetarians (And Why
They're Wrong)
By Richard H. Schwartz
2 ~ Animal Advocacy Workshops, Conferences, Festivals and Forums
3 ~ Dogs and Vegans
4 ~ Last Call For Hoe Down
5 ~ Opinion: We Need Some New State Laws By Jim Willis
6 ~ Against The Odds
7 ~ Memorable Quote
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~1~
18 Reasons Jews Shouldn't Be Vegetarians
(And Why
They're Wrong)
www.tikkun.org/magazine/index.cfm/action/tikkun/issue/tik0305/article/030526b.html
By
Richard H. Schwartz
Tikkun Magazine May/June 2003
1: The Torah teaches that humans are
granted dominion over animals (Gen. 1:26), giving us a warrant to treat animals
in any way we wish.
Response: Jewish tradition interprets "dominion"
as guardianship, or stewardship: we are called upon to be co-workers with God
in improving the world. Dominion does not mean that people have the right to
wantonly exploit animals, and it certainly does not permit us to breed animals
and treat them as machines designed solely to meet human needs. In A Vision
of Vegetarianism and Peace, Rav Kook states: "There can be no doubt in
the mind of any intelligent person that [the Divine empowerment of humanity to
derive benefit from nature] does not mean the domination of a harsh ruler, who
afflicts his people and servants merely to satisfy his whim and desire,
according to the crookedness of his heart. It is unthinkable that the Divine
Law would impose such a decree of servitude, sealed for all eternity, upon the
world of God, Who is 'good to all, and His mercy is upon all His works' (Ps.
145:9)." This view is reinforced by the fact that immediately after God
gave humankind dominion over animals (Gen. 1:26), He prescribed vegetarian
foods as the diet for humans (Gen. 1:29).
2: The Torah teaches that only people are created in the Divine Image,
meaning that God places far less value on animals.
Response: While the Torah states that only human beings are created
"in the Divine Image" (Gen. 5:1), animals are also God's creatures,
possessing sensitivity and the capacity for feeling pain. God is concerned that
they are protected and treated with compassion and justice. In fact, the Jewish
sages state that to be "created in the Divine Image," means that
people have the capacity to emulate the Divine compassion for all creatures. "As
God is compassionate," they teach, "so you should be
compassionate."
3: Inconsistent with Judaism, vegetarians elevate animals to a level equal
to or greater than that of people.
Response: Vegetarians' concern for animals and their refusal to treat
animals cruelly does not mean that they regard animals as equals. There are
many reasons to be vegetarian besides consideration for animals—concerns about
human health, ecological threats, and the plight of hungry people, to name a
few. Because humans are capable of imagination, rationality, empathy,
compassion, and moral choice, we should strive to end the unbelievably cruel
conditions under which farm animals are currently raised. This is an issue of
sensitivity, not an assertion of equality with the animal kingdom.
4: Vegetarianism places greater priority on animal rights than on the many
problems related to human welfare.
Response: Vegetarian diets are not beneficial only to animals. They
improve human health, help conserve food and other resources, and put less
strain on endangered ecosystems. In view of the many threats related to today's
livestock agriculture (such as deforestation and global climate change),
working to promote vegetarianism may be the most important action that one can
take for global sustainability.
5: By putting vegetarian values ahead of Jewish teachings, vegetarians are,
in effect, creating a new religion with values contrary to Jewish teachings.
Response: Jewish vegetarians are not placing so-called "vegetarian
values" above Torah principles but are challenging the Jewish community to
apply Judaism's teachings at every level of our daily lives. Jewish teachings
that we treat animals with compassion, guard our health, share with the hungry,
protect the environment, conserve resources, and seek peace, are best applied
through vegetarian diets.
6: Jews must eat meat on Shabbat and Yom Tov (Jewish holidays).
Response: According to the Talmud (T. B. Pesachim 109a), since the
destruction of the Temple, Jews are not required to eat meat in order to rejoice
on sacred occasions. This view is reinforced in the works Reshit Chochmah
and Kerem Shlomo and Rabbi Chizkiah Medini's Sdei Chemed, which
cites many classical sources on the subject. Several Israeli chief rabbis,
including Shlomo Goren, late Ashkenazic Chief Rabbi of Israel, and Shear Yashuv
Cohen, Ashkenazic Chief Rabbi of Haifa, have been or are strict vegetarians.
7: The Torah mandated that Jews eat korban Pesach and other korbanot
(sacrifices).
Response: The great Jewish philosopher Maimonides believed that God
permitted sacrifices as a concession to the common mode of worship in Biblical
times. It was felt that had Moses not instituted the sacrifices, his mission
would have failed and Judaism might have disappeared. The Jewish philosopher
Abarbanel reinforced Maimonides' position by citing a midrash (Rabbinic
teaching) that indicates God tolerated the sacrifices because the Israelites
had become accustomed to sacrifices in Egypt, but that He commanded they be
offered only in one central sanctuary in order to wean the Jews from idolatrous
practices.
8: Jews historically have had many problems with some animal rights groups,
which have often opposed shechita (ritual slaughter) and advocated its
abolishment.
Response: Jews should consider switching to vegetarianism not because
of the views of animal rights groups (whether they are hostile to Judaism or
not), but because it is the diet most consistent with Jewish teachings. It is
the Torah, not animal rights groups, which is the basis for observing how far
current animal treatment has strayed from fundamental Jewish values. As Samson
Raphael Hirsch stated: "Here you are faced with God's teaching, which
obliges you not only to refrain from inflicting unnecessary pain on any animal,
but to help and, when you can, to lessen the pain whenever you see an animal
suffering, even through no fault of yours."
9: The restrictions of shechita minimize the pain to animals in the
slaughtering process, and thus fulfill Jewish laws on proper treatment of
animals.
Response: This ignores the cruel treatment of animals on "factory
farms" in the many months prior to slaughter. Can we ignore the
force-feeding of huge amounts of grain to ducks and geese to produce foie
gras, the removal of calves from their mothers shortly after birth to raise
them for veal, the killing of over 250 million male chicks immediately after
birth at egg-laying hatcheries in the U.S. annually, the placing of hens in
cages so small that they can't raise even one wing, and the many other horrors
of modern factory farming?
10: If Jews do not eat meat, they will be deprived of the opportunity to
fulfill many mitzvot (commandments).
Response: By not eating meat, Jews are actually fulfilling many
mitzvot: showing compassion to animals, preserving health, conserving
resources, helping to feed the hungry, and preserving the earth. And by
abstaining from meat, Jews reduce the chance of accidentally violating several
prohibitions of the Torah, such as mixing meat and milk, eating nonkosher
animals, and eating forbidden fats or blood. There are other cases where Torah
laws regulate things that God would prefer people not do at all. For example,
God wishes people to live in peace, but He provides commandments relating to
war, knowing that human beings will quarrel and seek victories over others.
Similarly, the Torah laws that restrict taking female captives in wartime are a
concession to human weakness. Indeed, the sages go to great lengths to deter
people from taking advantage of such dispensations.
11: Judaism teaches that it is wrong not to take advantage of the
pleasurable things that God has put on the earth. Since He put animals on the
earth, and it is pleasurable to eat them, is it not wrong to refrain from
eating meat?
Response: Can eating meat be pleasurable to a sensitive person when he
or she knows that, as a result, their health is endangered, grain is wasted,
the environment is damaged, and animals are being cruelly treated? One can
indulge in pleasure without doing harm to living creatures. There are many
other cases in Judaism where actions that people may consider pleasurable are
forbidden or discouraged—such as the use of tobacco, drinking liquor to excess,
having sexual relations out of wedlock, and hunting.
12: A movement by Jews toward vegetarianism would lead to less emphasis on
kashrut (dietary laws) and eventually a disregard of these laws.
Response: Quite the contrary. In many ways, becoming a vegetarian makes
it easier and less expensive to observe the laws of kashrut. This might attract
many new adherents to keeping kosher, and eventually to other important Jewish
practices. As a vegetarian, one need not be concerned with mixing milchigs
(dairy products) with fleichigs (meat products), waiting three or six
hours after eating meat before being allowed to eat dairy products, storing
four complete sets of dishes (two for regular use and two for Passover use),
extra silverware, pots, pans, etc., and many other considerations incumbent
upon the nonvegetarian who wishes to observe kashrut.
13: If everyone became vegetarian, butchers, shochtim (slaughterers), and
others dependent for a living on the consumption of meat would lack work.
Response: There could be a shift from the production of animal products
to that of nutritious vegetarian dishes. In England during World War II, when
there was a shortage of meat, butchers relied mainly on the sale of fruits and
vegetables. Today, new businesses could sell tofu, miso, felafel, soy burgers,
and vegetarian cholent (Sabbath hot dish). Besides, the shift toward
vegetarianism will be gradual, providing time for a transition to other jobs.
The same kind of question can be asked about other moral issues. What would
happen to arms merchants if we had universal peace? What would happen to some
doctors and nurses if people took better care of themselves, stopped smoking,
improved their diets, and so on? Immoral or inefficient practices should not be
supported because some people earn a living in the process.
14: If everyone became vegetarian, animals would overrun the earth.
Response: This concern is based on an insufficient understanding of
animal behavior. For example, there are millions of turkeys around at
Thanksgiving not because they want to help celebrate the holiday, but because
farmers breed them for the dinner table. Dairy cows are artificially
inseminated annually so that they will constantly produce milk. Before the
establishment of modern intensive livestock agriculture, food supply and demand
kept animal populations relatively steady. An end to the manipulation of
animals' reproductive tendencies to suit our needs would lead to a decrease,
rather than an increase, in the number of animals. We are not overrun by
animals that we do not eat, such as lions, elephants, and crocodiles.
15: Instead of advocating vegetarianism, we should alleviate the evils of
factory farming so that animals are treated better, less grain is wasted, and
less health-harming chemicals are used.
Response: The breeding of animals is "big business." Animals
are raised the way they are today because it is very profitable. Improving
conditions, as suggested by this assertion, would certainly be a step in the
right direction, but it has been strongly resisted by the meat industry since
it would greatly increase already high prices. Why not abstain from eating meat
as a protest against present policies while trying to improve them? Even under
the best of conditions, why take the life of a creature of God, "whose
tender mercies are over all His creatures" (Ps. 145:9), when it is not
necessary for proper nutrition?
16: One can work to improve conditions for animals without being a
vegetarian.
Response: Animal abuse is a widespread problem and there are many ways
to improve conditions for animals. However, one should keep in mind that
factory farming is the primary source of animal abuse in this country.
According to FARM (Farm Animal Reform Movement), "The number of
warm-blooded animals brutalized and slaughtered each year is approximately 70
times the number of animals killed in laboratories, 30 times the number killed
by hunters and trappers, and 500 times the number killed in pounds." They
also reported that almost 10 billion farm animals are killed annually to
produce food. A typical meat-eating animal welfare advocate is personally
responsible for the slaughter of twenty-two warm-blooded animals per year,
1,500 in an average lifetime.
17: If vegetarian diets were best for health, doctors would recommend them.
Response: Unfortunately, while doctors are devoted to the well-being of
their patients, many lack information about the basic relationship between food
and health because nutrition is not sufficiently taught at most medical
schools. Also, many patients are resistant to making dietary changes. The
accepted approach today seems to be to prescribe medications first and,
perhaps, recommend a diet change as an afterthought. However, there now seems
to be increasing awareness on the part of doctors about the importance of
proper nutrition, but the financial power of the beef and dairy lobbies and
other groups who gain from the status quo prevents rapid changes.
18: I enjoy eating meat. Why should I give it up?
Response: If one is solely motivated by what will bring pleasure,
perhaps no answer to this question would be acceptable. But Judaism wishes us
to be motivated by far more: doing mitzvot, performing good deeds and acts of
charity, sanctifying ourselves in the realm of the permissible, helping to feed
the hungry, pursuing justice and peace, etc. Even if one is primarily motivated
by considerations of pleasure and convenience, the negative health effects of
animal-centered diets should be taken into account. One cannot enjoy life when
one is not in good health.
<><><><><>
Richard H. Schwartz is professor emeritus of mathematics at the College of
Staten Island and author of Judaism and Vegetarianism and Judaism
and Global Survival. WE WANT TO HEAR from you! Use our direct link to share your
views. Or write to "Letters," Tikkun Magazine, 2342 Shattuck
Avenue, Suite 1200, Berkeley, CA 94704; Fax: (510) 644-1255. Please include
your name, address, and daytime phone number. Letters may be edited for space
and clarity.
Richard H. Schwartz, Ph.D.
Author of Judaism and Vegetarianism, Judaism and Global Survival,
and Mathematics and
Global Survival, and over 100 articles at jewishveg.com/schwartz.
Professor Emeritus of Mathematics, College of Staten Island
2800 Victory Bulevard, Staten Island, NY 10314
Phone: (718) 761-5876 Fax: (718) 982-3631
E-mail address: rschw12345@aol.com
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~2~
Animal Advocacy Workshops,
Conferences, Festivals and Forums
As
the IIHE workshop's deadline is JUNE 2, the below information and a visit to
their website may help familiarize you with their programs for future planning.
Sowing Seeds Workshop
The International Institute for Humane
Education (IIHE)
From the website: http://www.iihed.org/index.html
Info: info@iihed.org
Compassionate Living Workshops
IIHE's
Sowing Seeds workshops help people who are interested in becoming effective
humane educators primarily within schools. Our Compassionate Living workshops
are designed for activists, advocates, and other individuals who want to learn
how to better live and model a compassionate life.
The Compassionate Living workshop helps you to examine your lifestyle choices,
learn about sustainable and humane living, and reach out to others through
effective, non-judgmental, positive communication and action. This workshop
will help you live your life consciously, courageously, and with integrity
while also teaching you how best to be a role model and leader.
June 7-8, 2003 Pittsburgh, PA
Location: River Valley School, Charleson and South Braddock,
Pittsburgh, PA 15218,
(412) 247-9133
Time: 8:30a.m.-9p.m. Saturday and 9a.m.-5p.m. Sunday
Register before May 1st: $125-$200*
Register after May 1st: $150-$225*
Special student rate: $110 with photocopy of valid student ID
Registration deadline: June 2nd, 2003.
Refund policy: There will be no refunds for cancellations after May 9th.
*A note about our sliding scale registration fees: The sliding scale is
based on income. To ensure that everyone is able to attend, we ask that people
who can afford it to pay the higher end of the scale. We trust and honor that
each participant will truly pay what they are able.
Food: No details yet. Please check back soon.
Accommodations: Please contact
Greater Pittsburgh Convention &
Visitors Bureau,
www.visitpittsburgh.com
1-800-366-0093
To register by email: Please email info@iihed.org with your complete contact
information and date and location of the workshop you would like to attend and
we will send you a brochure and registration form by mail.
To register on line: Please indicate the date and location of this
workshop on our Registration Form
www.iihed.org/reg_form.html
Other Events
June 27-July 2: Animal Rights 2003 East Conference, Washington, DC. IIHE
will be exhibiting again this year. Don't miss the talks and workshops given
by, Zoe Weil, one of IIHE's faculty and co-founders. Speaking and workshop
schedule at the conference TBA. For more information about Animal Rights 2003
East, go here.
www.animalrights2003.org
August 1-5: Animal Rights 2003 West Conference, Los Angeles, CA. IIHE is
excited to join this first annual conference. Stop by our table and attend
workshops and talks with IIHE faculty and humane educator Dani Dennenberg,
M.Ed. For more information about Animal Rights 2003 West, go here
www.animalrights2003.org
August 16-17: Promoting Veganism: United Poultry Concerns' Fourth Annual Forum
2003, University of Colorado-Boulder Campus. Zoe Weil, IIHE Faculty and
co-founder will be speaking at this event. For more information about UPC's
upcoming forum, go here
www.upc-online.org/alerts/forum2003.html
Oct. 17-19: Bioneers Conference, San Rafael, CA. IIHE will be promoting humane
education and exhibiting at this cutting-edge conference of the environmental
movement. We hope to see you there! For more information on Bioneers, go here www.bioneers.org
November 8-9: Green Festival, San Francisco, CA. Another exciting exhibiting
event for IIHE, we will be continuing our outreach and showing more people the
power of comprehensive humane education. Learn more about the Green
Festival here www.greenfestivals.com
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~3~
Dogs and Vegans
By hrhbertie@tiscali.co.uk
I am a member of an organization called VON
(Vegan Organic Network) and have much respect for their mission aims. In
their letters page there has been a running debate on the issue of vegans
looking after companion animals. As my dog companion has just recently
passed away I felt committed to give my own response. I must mention that
the recipient (Dave) did not feel it was right for vegans to have companion
animals. Hopefully my thoughts can shed some light on this rather polemic
issue. ~HRH Bertie.
Canis caninam non est .............Maybe the dog furor has died down by
this time but I just couldn’t resist the temptation to give Darlington Dave
some edification on the nature of the canine species of which he obviously has
a problem with. Firstly, I totally agree that the keeping of animals is
wrong and that 90% of people keep dogs for exploitive or selfish reasons.
(I will not transgress to other species for the sake of brevity). We
should be working towards that ideal as compassionate beings and although there
may be more pressing issues at hand the issue should not be ignored.
UNFORTUNATELY that time is a long way off and there are compromises that have
to be made in the meantime.
Dave makes the distinction between an anthropomorphic "substitute"
relationship with their companion animals (not pets) and the
"interrelationship" we have with natural creatures. This accusation,
whilst obviously true to so many people has now become an old worn out device
for silencing an opponent, a way of avoiding any genuine discussion. What about
anthropomorphic plant lovers. I’ve seen people go gaa gaa over an aspidistra,
suicidal over the loss of African violet, fondle foliage as if it were a
newborn baby’s bottom. What was once a sensible human being now suddenly
singing, dancing and talking to plants, even taking them upstairs to
bed!…..…Makes anthropomorphic dog lovers appear quite sane.
I for one do not fall into that trap, far from it; I gained a new insight into
the lives of other creatures and the natural world around me from being with a
dog. Dave has not kept an open mind; he has merely stated a prejudice. He says
established facts are few, a somewhat scientific view perhaps? How about some
emotional facts. The emotional ground between a dog and human is a prescient
one. A dog experiences an emotion to it’s full potential, once it is over, that
is that, then they are ready for the next experience. Dogs do not brood about
the past or fear the future. They are always in the present. The
instinctive love that crosses the species barrier is a remarkable
phenomenon………..The difference is, and here lies the truism of it all, dogs,
unlike most other domesticated animals actually return it. People identify
with their joy and sorrow, as it appears so identical to our own. Just as it is
elusive to enter the mind of a human being, so too the psyche of the dog. To
give Dave some justification, there are a lot of genetically maladjusted canine
species out there who have a hard time knowing who or what they are supposed to
be, and not particularly desirable to have around…but you could say the same
thing about our own species….. to a far greater degree.
My situation may be different from most as 18 years ago I was not vegetarian or
vegan and this dog, who was not wanted, came into my life and was then under my
care. I became vegan then he also. Just as WE have had a physical, mental and
spiritual awakening so too did he. I have never witnessed so many people being
so touched upon by a member of another species. On the subject of man
domesticating the dog for his own benefit we enter the world of mental
nihilism. There is strong evidence to suggest that it was in fact the reverse,
and in a sense we became domesticated. Scavenging humans were not
uncommon during the period when we started to become omnivorous. Lets face it
we weren’t that bright then and certainly hadn’t evolved to become carnivorous
hunters.
I’d like to thank Dave for pushing me into writing this reply as the
aforementioned companion is now no longer with me but I leave you with this:
Questers of the truth, that’s what dogs are: seekers after the invisible scent
of another being’s authentic core. Guess they sniffed you out pretty quick
Dave. ~Bertie of Sunderland.
NB. The Latin title actually translates as "dog does not eat dog,"
yet another example of man’s predisposition when relating to another species.
[Editor's Note: Check with your veterinarian before making
any changes in your dog's diet.]
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~4~
Last Call For Hoe Down
Register
today for Farm Sanctuary's California Shelter Hoe Down. Our unique country
conference is a fun and educational weekend of shelter tours, hayrides,
activist training workshops, veggie cookout, and barn dance. It's a great way
to learn what YOU can do to help farm animals, make new friends (two-legged and
four-legged!) and party 'til the cows come home! This year's Hoe Down features
presentations on ballot initiatives to ban factory farming, farmed animal
legislative efforts, vegetarian outreach events, and media activism.
Don't miss it!
THE HOE DOWN REGISTRATION DEADLINE IS TUESDAY, JUNE 3rd. TO MAKE YOUR RESERVATIONS,
PLEASE CALL 607-583-2225 EXT. 222. For further information on the
California Hoe Down, please click here
www.farmsanctuary.org/visit/California_hoedown.htm
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~5~
Opinion:
We
Need Some New State Laws
re: animal abuse/neglect cases
By Jim Willis - The Tiergarten Sanctuary Trust
jwillis@bellatlantic.net
www.crean.com/jimwillis
Whenever we read or watch news reports about mass
seizures of animals found in horrific conditions, whether they are seized from
a breeder or a "collector," the news report usually concludes to the
effect that the subject animals cannot be placed in homes because they are
"evidence." Depending on the situation and state laws and the
controlling humane/legal authority, the animals can sometimes be placed in
foster care. Some of those animals spend a year or more in legal purgatory. Not
even the finest shelter in the country can equate their level of care with
responsible care and individual attention for the animal in a private home.
Often that individual attention is critical to the healing of the animal.
We need to change that because it is not "logical" and it is not in
the best interest of the animals who have often suffered horrific abuse and
neglect. We have court cases where decades-old DNA evidence can free a convict
from death row, or put someone behind bars who has remained free for years -
but we have to warehouse animals as "evidence" to the great detriment
of underfunded animal shelters and volunteers who must care for the animals for
the convenience of the court system and the innocent-until-proven-guilty animal
abusers/neglecters. The animals are not inanimate objects who can be stuck in
an evidence locker, or misfiled, while we wait to heal them.
While the courts sometimes let the offenders off with a slap on the wrist, that
is changing for the most part. Rarely are animals who were evidently abused or
neglected returned to their previous "owner." We have all the
technology and vetmed expertise available to us to document the condition of
the animals at the time of seizure - including photographs, videos, and expert
opinions of any conceivable number of veterinarians and legal/humane
authorities, and the written testimony of witnesses. The animals do not
deserve, in view of all they've been
through, to wait for human and legal machinations when they could already be
recovering and thriving in permanent homes or loving fostercare.
America's animal welfare system and humane officers do not deserve to have
their time and resources exhausted at the "pleasure" of the court
system. America's judges need to start "throwing the book" at those
who would harm animals. Judges need to start levying million dollar fines and
life imprisonment for the abusers of animals, and then I suspect the rest of us
won't have to jump through hoops trying to figure out how to provide basic care
for "evidence," until we have the opportunity to do better by the
animals who have already suffered enough.
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~6~
Against The Odds
By WantNoMeat@aol.com
Sometimes there is help finding life's fresh breath
but too often suffering ends in death
Like walking away when another needs to escape
or ignoring cries to help during a rape
Shouldn't we help whenever we can
or is the struggle over even before it began?
Don't victim's deserve to have their cries heard
and shouldn't we lend our hand and word?
What happens when we just walk away
allowing another to suffer this way?
How can we sleep at night
when all that is needed is to do right?
To help when needed, the decent thing
a good Samaritan with such hope to bring
But where should this decency draw its line
at the abuse of animals being considered fine?
Racetracks, animal labs or puppy mills
escape comes only with a hero's will
Factory farms and slaughterhouse grounds
silenced screams are compassion's sounds
Snapping a trap or closing a fur farm
escape comes and they are free from harm
Circus beatings the rodeo shocks
mercy brought by broken locks
To empathy's door these victims are led
unknown heroes often go unsaid
For standing against the odds beside the weak
the abusers quickly label them a freak
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~7~
Memorable Quote
"A meat-fed world now appears a chimera. World grain production has
grown more slowly than population since 1984, and farmers lack new methods for
repeating the gains of the 'green revolution.' Supporting the world's
current population of 5.4 billion people on an American-style diet would require
two-and-a-half times as much grain as the world's farmers produce for all
purposes. A future world of 8 billion to 14 billion people eating the
American ration of 220 grams of grain-fed meat a day can be nothing but a
flight of fancy."
~~ Alan B. Durning and Holly Brough, Worldwatch Institute, Washington D.C.
«¤»¥«¤»§«¤»¥«¤»§«¤»¥«¤»§«¤»¥«¤»§«¤»¥«¤»§«¤»¥«¤»§«¤»¥«¤»
Susan Roghair - EnglandGal@aol.com
Animal Rights Online
P O Box 7053
Tampa, Fl 33673-7053
http://www.oocities.org/RainForest/1395/
-=Animal Rights Online=-
«¤»¥«¤»§«¤»¥«¤»§«¤»¥«¤»§«¤»¥«¤»§«¤»¥«¤»§«¤»¥«¤»§«¤»¥«¤»
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