Rotating equipment in a plant is analogous to the heart in a human body. Rotating equipment delivers fluid; the heart delivers blood. This goes to illustrate how significant the Rotary equipment is.

Rotating equipment is also known as rotating machinery, and can be defined as machinery with rotor(s) which is based on the theory of energy conservation. The form of energy can change but the total energy is conserved ideally. The related energy forms are
1) electric energy;
2) fluid energies (i.e., potential energy & kinetic energy);
3) mechanical energy (i.e., kinetic energy); and
4) combustion energy.

There are four big families that make up rotating equipment, i.e., pumps, compressors, fans and turbines. In the case of a centrifugal pump which is driven by a electric motor:
1) the armature is turned by converting electric energy into (mechanical) kinetic energy;
2) the coupling transmits the (mechanical) kinetic energy from armature to pump shaft;
3) the impeller converts (mechanical) kinetic energy to (fluid) kinetic energy; and
4) the (fluid) kinetic energy will be balanced by (fluid) potential energy.

PUMP
1) positive displacement
             a) reciprocating
                          a.1) plunger
                          a.2) diaphragm
             b) rotary @ rotordynamic
                          b.1) external gear
                          b.2) internal gear ( with crescent )
                          b.3) screw ( "three screw" means 1 male rotor + 2 female rotors )
2) kinetic @ dynamic
             a) axial @ propeller
             b) mixed @ centrifugal
             c) radial @ centrifugal

COMPRESSOR
1) positive displacement
             a) reciprocating
                          a.1) piston ( single acting )
                          a.2) piston ( double acting )
             b) rotary
                          b.1) liquid ring
                          b.2) screw ( 3+4 )
                          b.3) screw ( 4+6 )
                          b.4) piston @ lobe @ root ( "three lobe" means 2 rotors with 3 lobes on each rotor )
2) kinetic @ dynamic
             a) axial
             b) radial @ centrifugal

FAN ( based on flow )
1) axial
             a) propeller
             b) tube-axial
             c) vane-axial
2) mixed
3) cross
4) radial @ centifugal
             a) backward curved
             b) forward curved
             c) radial
             d) backward air foil
             e) backward inclined

FAN ( based on draft )
1) primary air , PA ( 3.75 - 4kWh per ton air )
2) forced draft , FD ( 1.2 - 1.3kWh per ton air )
3) induced draft , ID ( 2.3 - 2.4kWh per ton flue gas )

FAN ( based on AMCA )
1) centifugal
             a) backward air foil
             b) backward curved
             c) backward inclined
2) industrial centifugal
             a) air handling ( AH ) wheel
             b) material handling ( MH ) wheel
             c) long shaving ( LS ) wheel
             d) long shaving open ( LSO ) wheel

GEARBOX
1) speed reducing
2) speed increasing

HYDRAULIC (HYDRO) TURBINE
1) impulse turbine
2) reaction turbine
             a) axial flow (propeller)
                          a.1) fixed pitch
                          a.2) adjustable pitch
             b) mixed flow (Francis)
             c) radial flow (Francis)
                          c.1) inward (IFR)
                          c.2) outward (OFR)

GAS TURBINE IN AVIATION
1) turbo-jet
2) turbo-fan
3) turbo-prop
4) turbo-shaft

GAS TURBINE IN INDUSTRY (based on CM)
1) aero-derivative
2) heavy-duty / frame

GAS TURBINE IN INDUSTRY (based on drive)
1) direct
2) via gearbox
3) via power turbine

GAS TURBINE IN INDUSTRY (based on speed)
1) fixed
2) variable

GAS TURBINE IN INDUSTRY (based on location)
1) on shore
2) off shore
3) on board

STEAM TURBINE
under contruction

WIND TURBINE
1) horizontal axis (HAWT)
2) vertical axis (VAWT)

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