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MORE VERBS
Once you know how the polite auxiliary -MASU attaches to the stem, you don't need to worry about the verb's group or tenses.
BUT, you can't keep on using the -MASU form for every verb you write down.
As a rule, use -MASU on the final verb and on verbs that precede conjunctions GA, KEREDOMO, KEREDO, KEDO, KARA, and NODE.
-MASU Positive Negative
Pres/Fut/Dict
Past
Volit/Probab 		-masu
-mashita
-mashou 		-masen
-masen deshita
-masen deshou

The negative auxiliary -NAI has its own inflection. It is inflected like an I-Adjective.
It can also stand alone as the Negative of ARU (be).
-NAI Plain Polite
Pres/Fut
Volit/Probab
Past
Negative 		na-i
na-i darou
na-katta
naku wa nai* 		nai desu
nai dashou
nakatta desu
naku wa nai desu*
TARA-Cond
BA-Cond
Adverbial
TE-Form 		na-kattara
na-kere-ba
naku*
nakute / nai de

*These are possible but are quite redundant, verbs and adjectives have their own inflections, furthermore, NAI is already negative. It's like putting two negative signs to come up with a plus sign.
DESU Pos Plain Pos Polite Neg Plain Neg Polite
Pres
 
Vol/Prob
Past
  		da
 
darou
datta
  		desu
 
deshou
deshita
  		de wa nai
 
de wa nai darou
de wa nakatta
  		de wa arimasen OR
de wa nai desu
de wa nai deshou
de wa arimasen deshita OR
de wa nakatta desu
TARA-Cond
TE-Form 		dattara
de 		de (wa) nakattara
de (wa) nakute
*DE WA can be abrreviated to JA in less formal speech

You can manipulate either -NAI or -MASU to negate the verb as seen in the two ways to negate the polite present and past tenses.
There is no one word for English "not"... But oh well...

ADJECTIVES
I-Adjectives 

OOKII (big)	Pos Plain	Neg Plain		Pos Polite	Neg Polite
Present		ooki-i		ooki-ku (wa) nai		ooki-i desu	ooki-ku arimasen  	OR	ooki-ku nai desu
Volit/Probab	ooki-i darou	ooki-ku nai darou		ooki-i deshou	ooki-ku nai deshou
Past		ooki-katta	ooki-ku nakatta		ooki-katta desu	ooki-ku arimasen deshita	OR	ooki-ku nakatta desu
TARA-Cond	ooki-kattara	ooki-ku nakattara
BA-Cond		ooki-kereba	ooki-ku nakereba
Adverbial	ooki-ku
TE-Form		ooki-kute

You can manipulate either -NAI or -MASU to negate the verb as seen in the two negative polite forms.
Sample Sentences:
1. TANOMOSHII DESU yo [Pres Pos Pol]
This IS PROMISING --Trunks #28-143-1
2. WARUKU NAI hoshi da [Pres Neg Plain]
It's not a bad planet --Freeza #28-74-2
3. OOKIKU natta na Gohan [Adv]
You grew BIG Gohan --Klilyn #28-170-4

NA-Adjectives 

KIREI (pretty)	Pos Plain	Neg Plain		Pos Polite	Neg Polite
Present		kirei da		kirei de (wa) nai		kirei desu	kirei de (wa) arimasen  		OR	kirei de (wa) nai desu
Volit/Probab	kirei darou	kirei de (wa) nai darou	kirei deshou	kirei de (wa) nai deshou
Past		kirei datta	kirei de (wa) nakatta	kirei desshita	kirei de (wa) arimasen deshita	OR	kirei de (wa) nakatta desu
TARA-Cond	kirei dattara	kirei de (wa) nakattara
Adverbial	kirei ni
TE-Form	kirei de

*DE WA can be abbreviated to JA in less formal speech
In dictionaries, NA-Adjectives have the NA in parentheses or something like that. KIREI ends in -I but it is a NA-Adjective
You include the NA when modifying nouns, not when the adjective is the predicate
Sample Sentences:
1. CHIISA NA hoshi da...
It's a SMALL planet... --Freeza-Daioh #28-63-1

Posted: 1999-03-21 (Sun)