1. What was the significant result of Nat Turner's Reblellion, 1831? This led to a sensational manhunt in which 100 Blacks were killed. As a result, slave states strengthened measures against slaves and became more united in their support of fugitive slave laws.
2. Identify Marcus Garvey.foudned the united vegro improvement association to promote resettlement of blacks in africa "african eden"
3. What position did John Quincy Adams take with regard to slavery? As a congressmen he was not a blatent abolitionist, but felt bound by the Constitution to work toward universal emancipation.
4. Identify William Llyod Garrison-publisher of "The Liberator," was an immediate abolitionist. He called for immediate, uncompensated emancipation of slaves, and for racial equality. His confrontational tactics repelled moderate abolitionists and the general public. Advocated Northern secession
5. According to the Hinton Helper, which element of societ did slavery have its worst effect on? Non-Slave Owning Whites.
6. The Civil War is the only war before 1900 where the government had to draft men in order to raise an army.
7. Know which states the following battles were fought in:
a.) Bull Run-VA
b.) Vicksbury-PA
c.) Shiloh-TN
d.) Chattanooga-TN
8.) Know the dates of the follwoing events:
a.)firing on Fort Sumter-1861
b.)Denmark Vesey's slave revolt-1822
c.)Slavery outlawed in the Northwest Territory-1787br>
d.)Dred Scott Decision-1857
e.)Homestead Act-1862
f.)John Brown's Raid-1859
g.)Eli Whitney invents the cotton gin-1793
h.)Lincoln's election as President-1856
i.)Fugitive Slave Act-1783/1850 (part of Compromise of 1850)
9. Define "copperheads": Lincoln believed that anti-war Northern Democrats harbored traitorous ideas and he labeled them "Copperheads", poisonous snakes waiting to get him.
10. Know what position was held by the following men:
a.)Elijah P. Lovejoy-abolitionist and Editor of "The Liberator". His press was attackef 4 times and he died defending it
b.)William H. Seward-Secretary of State, purchased Alaska. "Seward's Folly" turned out to be a source of wealth
c.)Edwin M. Stanton-Secretary of War under Lincoln-called him a fool
d.)Salmon Chase-Secretary of State who did not trust Lincoln's views*
e.) Charles Francis Adams-American diplomat, ambassador to Britain; helped to keep the British from recognizing the Confederacy. In the Trent affair, he was instrumental in averting hostilities between the two nations, although he failed to stop the sailing of the Alabama, a raider built in Great Britain for the Confederacy.
11. What military experience did Grant have before the Civil War? While serving in the Mexican American War, under Scott and Taylor, Grant was in every battle except Buena Vista. He was twice bereted for bravery and gallantry for service at Molino del Rey and Chapultupec.
12. Identify the Le Compton constitution:
The pro-slavery constitution suggested for Kansas' admission to the union. It was rejected.
14. Explain the Wilmot Proviso-no new slavery would be allowed in newly acquired Mexican territories, Oregon would be divided on the 49th parallel
15.Who was the republican candidate for president in 1856? Fremont
16.Define:
a.)scalawag:White southerners in cahoots with Radical republicans
b.)carpetbaggers: Northern Republicans wo moved to the sourth after the civil war to profit from reconstruction
c.)doughface: "Doughface" was the pejorative appellation Republicans pinned on President Buchanan. It was their belief that he lacked the force of character to stand up against southern proslavery extremists.
17. What were the two reasons for the draft riots in 1863? Underprivileged and anti-black Irish , and confederate non-slave holders were angry that the rich could get our of the draft and that it discriminated against class.**
18. Anaconda Plan: a Union strategy in the Civil War calling for the establishment of a naval blockade around the Confederacy to prevent the importation of supplies from Europe. It was slowly implemented and only partially successful, but the blockade did contribute to the Northern victory.
19. Define and Know:
a.) Ostend Manifesto: The recommendation that the U.S. offer Spain $20 million for Cuba. It was not carried through in part because the North feared Cuba would become another slave state.
b.) Rush Bagot Agreement:Rush-Bagot was an agreement between the US and Great Britain concerning the Canadian border in 1817. The decision was that there would be a disarmament of the US-Canadian frontier, and that there would be a precedent for the amicable settlement of peace between the US and Canada.
c.) Gadsden Purchase:In 1853, James Gadsden, U.S. Minister to Mexico, engineered the purchase of over 29.000 square miles of Mexican territory south of the Gila River. It provided a potential route for construction of a transcontinental railroad.
d.) Clayton-Bulwar Treaty:The Clayton-Bulwer Treaty (1850) provided for the demilitarization and joint British-American control of any canal across the Central American isthmus of Panama. For Americans, it was a response to the need for improved communications to the West Coast.
e.) De Lome Letter:De Lôme was the Spanish minister to the United States in the 1890s. In a private letter to a friend, he made several insulting remarks about President McKinley. The letter was published in February 1898 and inflamed American anti-Spanish sentiment, moving the United States and Spain closer to war.
f.) Kansas-Nebraska Act:1854 - This act repealed the Missouri Compromise and established a doctrine of congressional nonintervention in the territories. Popular sovereignty (vote of the people) would determine whether Kansas and Nebraska would be slave or free states.
g.) Compromise of 1850:The Compromise of 1850 was an eight part compromise devised by Henry Clay in order to settle the land disputes between the North and South. As part of the compromise, California was admitted a free state, while a stricter Fugitive Slave Law was enforced. Slave trade was abolished in the District of Columbia, while slavery itself was not abolished and sectional peace returned to the northern and southern states for a few years. The issue of slavery eventually did lead to future conflicts, though.
h.) Treaty of Guadalupe Hildago:This was the peace treaty between the United States and Mexico that ended the Mexican War. Through the treaty, Mexico gave Texas with Rio Grande boundary, California , and New Mexico to the United States. The U.S. assumed all claims of the American people against the Mexican government and also paid Mexico 15 million dollars. The treaty was signed on February 2, 1848. In the end, the treaty worked to expand the U.S. territory to include parts of Arizona, Colorado, Wyoming, Utah, and Nevada.
i.) Missouri Compromise:In 1820, after angry debate in Congress, Missouri entered the Union as a slave state, and Maine was admitted as a free state to preserve the balance of slave and free states in the Union. Also, slavery was banned from that part of the Louisiana Territory north of 36º 30'.
j.) Northwest Ordinance:The Northwest Ordinance of 1787 established governments in America's northwestern territories, established a procedure for their admission to statehood, and prohibited slavery north of the Ohio River.
20.) Know:
a.) Dred Scott Decision:In the Dred Scott decision (1857), the Supreme Court ruled that blacks were not citizens and could not sue in a federal court, and that Congress had no constitutional authority to ban slavery from a territory, that, in effect, the Missouri Compromise was unconstitutional. The decision threatened both the central plank of the Republican party platform and the concept of popular sovereignty.
b.) Freeport Doctrine:During the Lincoln-Douglas debates in 1858, Douglas declared that, even in the face of the Dred Scott decision, the people of a territory could exclude slavery simply by not passing the local laws essential for holding blacks in bondage. This Freeport Doctrine helped Douglas win reelection to the Senate, but it hurt his bid for the presidential nomination of the Democratic party in 1860.
c.) McCulloch vs. Maryland Decision:Maryland tried to tax the Baltimore branch of the 2nd US bank. Answered basic questions about the federal governments power and its relationship with states. Found the Bank of US to be "necessary and proper" made use of "implied powers" "power of tax includes the power to destroy" state is inferior to federal law
d.) American System of Henry Clay: In his tariff speech to Congress on March 30- 31, 1824, Clay proposed a protective tariff in support of home manufactures, internal improvements such as federal aid to local road and canal projects, a strong national bank, and distribution of the profits of federal land sales to the states.
e.) Shay's Rebellion:Daniel Shays, a veteran of the Battle of Bunker Hill, led an armed rebellion of western Massachusetts farmers to prevent state courts from foreclosing on debtors unable to pay their taxes. The rebellion convinced nationalists that to suppress or inhibit such rebellions, the nation needed a stronger national government.
f.) Nullification Ordinance of 1832:In 1832 a South Carolina convention nullified the Tariff of 1832. President Jackson responded by threatening the use of federal troops to compel South Carolina to obey federal law. Congressional leaders worked out a Compromise Tariff of 1833 calling for gradual reduction of tariff rates. South Carolina then withdrew its Nullification Ordinance and the crisis passed.
g.) Hartford Convention:In December 1814, a group of Federalists met in Hartford, Connecticut, to protest the War of 1812 and propose several constitutional amendments. These antiwar Federalists were discredited when the United States achieved an honorable peace in the Treaty of Ghent that same month.
21. Read Article I, Section IX, paragraph I of the constitution regarfing slave trade. "The Migration or Importation of such persons as any of the States now existing shall think proper to admit, shall not be prohities by the Congress prior to the Year one thousand eight hundred and eight, but a tax or duty may be imposted on such Importation, not exceeding ten dollars for each Person."
23. The Freeporst Doctrine" 1858 Stephen Douglas was attempting to keep slavery out of the territories without repuditating the Dred Scott Decision.
24. During the 1830's the pricniple of pouplar sovereighnty was in effect in New Mexico and Kansas.
25. What relationship is there between the Republican Party and the Kansas-Nebraska Act? Mad a new republican party as a protest against the gains of slavery.
26. Know Van Buren's slogan in the election of 1843. "Free soil, free speech, free labor, free men"
27. What was the main reason for negotiating the Gadsden Purchase? To make a southern transcontinental railroad
28. Define Polpular Sovereignty:Popular sovereignty was an idea hatched by Michigan Senator Lewis Cass in 1848. He urged it as a solution to the question of slavery in the territories. It called for Congress to organize territories without mention of slavery, thus leaving it to settlers within the territories to determine the status of slavery among them.
28. Define popular sovereignty: Douglas's term for a state deciding by popular vote whether it would enter the union as a free or slave state. (Kansas-Nebraska Act)
29. Which candidate was victorious in the Illinois Senate race of 1858? Stephen Douglass
31. Abolitionist arguments rested heavily on the ideas stated in the Declaration of Independence.
32. Lincoln cited the democratic ideals of the Declaration of Independence in his Gettysburg Address.
33. Know "alabama" controversy, 1862.
34. Know the Emancipation Proclamation: The Emancipation Proclamation went into effect on January 1, 1863. It freed all slaves in areas then in rebellion against the United States (i.e., the Confederacy). It made emancipation a war goal and speeded the destruction of slavery.
35. The use of machines on the farms eased the North's manpower shortages during the civil war.
36. Buchanan failed to take stron action against secession because he felt he lacked sufficient constitutional authority, he hoped for reconciliation and he was growing old and weak.
37. The ideas of the Monrow Doctrine would have been weakened if the sourht had successfully seceded.
38. Which even was an immeadiate cause of the Mexican-American War? Annexation of Texas
39. What were the provisions of the Webster-Ashburton Treaty of 1842?The 1842 Webster-Ashburton Treaty settled the controversy over the Maine-Canada boundary. The treaty allowed Canada to build a military road from Halifax to Quebec while the United States got most of the disputed territory.