Unit 8: Chapters 40-45
1. Know what each was supposed to do and date of each:
a. Point Four Program
b. Marshall Plan: 1947-economic aid to Europe after WWII
c. Truman Doctrine: 1947-final commitment to nations fighting Communism
d. Taft-Hartely Act: 1947-80 day cooling period not to strike, labor leaders must sign non-communist oath.
e. McCarran Internal Security Act: 1950-made it illegal to contribute to Communism.
f. Brown vs. Board of Education: 1954-overturned Plessy vs. Ferguson againt "separate but equal" segregationof schools
g. Alliance for Progress: 1961-build up 3rd world countries to the point hwere they could manage themselves.
h. Landrum-Griffin Act: 1947-(labor management and disclosure act) response to publicity about corruption and autocratic methods in certain American labor unions. Eisenhower and McClennen put internal union affairs under restrictions (No bullying, striking, boycotting, closed shops) Penalties for labor officials who misused funds. Allowed for freedom of states and hampered power of labor organization.
2. A "Red Scare" developed in this country after WWI and WWII.
3. The "cold War" began immediately after WWII what was it?
4. Know about the McCarthy Era-1950's. This fear of Communism abroad had its domestic corollary. The American public become alarmed during the late 1940s and early I950s, when it was disclosed that several people with Communist sympathies had held government positions. This gave rise to the widespread fear that American institutions might be in danger from internal subversion. The ensuing search for Communists in the American government was spearheaded (and exploited) by an unscrupulous and hitherto unknown Senator from Wisconsin-Joe McCarthy. His wild accusations, usually without substantial evidence, disrupted, if not ruined the lives of many prominent Americans. Similar investigations attempted to reach into other segments of American society, including the motion picture business.
McCarthy eventually overplayed his hand and fell from prominence, but the fact that he was able to operate nearly unchecked for the better part of three years, was a frightening example of just how tenuous democratic liberties can be, even in a country that takes great pride in the existence of such freedoms.
5. The attitude under Khrushchev was one of "peaceful coexistence"
6. Know Betty Freidan and the Feminine Mystique. (women weren't being treated in proportion with their capabilities) How has Madison Avenue (Advertising Industy affected women?(exploited their stereotype)What does she say about suburban housewives? They were too repressed to their lot
7. What is the "Sunbelt"? South and Southwest Region from Virginia to California experienced a dramatic population boom.
8. Know the relationship between the Warren Court and judicial activism. Provided leadership for a libretarian activist approach to public law and personal rights. Constitutional revolution in the application of the bill of rights.
9. Know containment of communism and our foreign policy.
10. Know
a. Great Society-LBJ's campaign for peace, prosperity, anti-poverty, prudence and progress
b. Vietnamization policy of Nixon-effort to build up South Vietnamese troops while withdrawing American troops. Attempt to turn war over to Vietnamese.
c. Bakke Case-Supreme Court barred quota systems in college admissions but affirmed the constituionality of programs giving advantages to minorities.
11. What was the purpose of the Camp David Accords?Peace between Egypt and Israel.
12. Wounded Knee, South Dakota has a special significance for what group? Sioux indians. 200 members of AIM demanded senate investigation of affair.
13. What time period was the "Baby-Boom"? 1946-1962
14. Know what the following are:
a)Cuban Missle Crises-
b)Gulf of Tonkin Resoultion-After Maddux was fired on, Congress gave President power to send trrops toVietnam to protect against further North Vietnamease aggression.
c)Bay of Pigs Invasion-small army of anti-Castro Cuban exiles, trained and financed by the US in the hope their invasion would lead to a popular uprising to overthrow the Communists.
d)Nixon Doctrine-reducing number of troops abroad by helping nations economically and financially.
e)Watergate-Five men arrested for breaking into Democratic National Commitees Executive Headquarters in Watergate hotel. Two white house aides were indicted. They quit, Senate hearing began in May 1973, Nixon admitted to compicity in the burglary. In July 1974, Nixon's impeachment began so he resigned.
15. Containment of Communism was reflected in many of our foreign policy programs, i.e. NATO, SEATO, ANZUS, relief programs.
16. As the American population became increasingly older after WWII, more and more women out-lived their male counterparts.
17. Khruschev was more willing to establish and develop peaceful coexistance.
18. Brown vs. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas dealt with school segregation.
19. During the 1960's Black Rage exploded in cities across the US ie. Watts, California. What happened here? A black was arrested by a white officer. 34 dead 800 injured, 3500 arrested and $140,000 in damages. Rally was ended by the army in detroit.
20. Know the "Saturday Night Massacre" Firings and resignations of the administration of Nixon (October 20, 1973) Nixon's effort to prevent additional investigations. Richardson, Cox, Ruckelshaus, and Jaworski involved.
21. Why did President Truman relieve General MacArthur of his command? As punishment for open criticism of US's handling of the war. Intended to confirm tradition of control over the Military.
22. In the 20th century, what inventions have tended to standardize American culture? Why? Television...politics.
23. What was a major goal of President Johnson's Great Society? War on poverty.
24. The resolution of the Watergate Affair was significant because it reinforced the idea that the US has a government based on laws, not individuals.
25. How wer Presidential powers affected by the outbreak of the Korean and vietnam Wars?
26. What did the War Powers Act Do? required president to consult with Congress before committing American troops to action overseas.
27. A major foreign policy change of President Nixon was the establishment of diplomatic relations with communist China.
28. A cause of controversy during both the Korean and Vietnam Wars was that in each conflict no declaration of war was authorized by Congress.
29. What assumption is the concept of "balance of power" based on? That the opposition has equal or greater destructive capability.
30. What effect did the disintigration of the Soviet Union have on the Cold War? END
31. What are the provisions of the Taft-Hartley Act, 1947? outlawed closed shops and secondary boycotts. Also authorized the President to see injunctions to prevent strikes that proved a threat to national security.
32. In 1948, why did the Democratic party split? Southern Conservative Democrats (Dixicrats) fighting for civil rights.
33. In the early 1970's, what did President Nixon do to control inflation? Wage and price controls and freeze.