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Footnotes

1
A. Roccati, "Scribes," in The Egyptians, ed. S. Donadoni (Chicago, 1997), 73. Alessandro Roccati has used the material from the tomb of Nes-min as an example of care and concern for important texts to the point that they were included among the furnishings for the spirit of the deceased. The religious texts mentioned are valuable as a collection in representing the attitudes of this time, late in the history of Egypt.

2
The Book of the Dead of Nes-min was created during the Macedonian Dynasty, which began with the conquest of Egypt by Alexander the Great in 332 B.C. and consisted of only three rulers: Alexander III (the Great), his brother Phillip Arrhidaeus, and his son Alexander IV. It was succeeded by the Ptolemaic Dynasty, founded by Ptolemy I Soter, one of the generals of Alexander the Great.

Publications of the Detroit papyrus include:
Leaf 11 (1988.10.11) and leaf 13 (1988.10.13): Masterpieces: Greek, Roman, Egyptian, Ancient Near Eastern (New York, Edward H. Merrin Gallery, exh. cat., 1984), 15.
Leaf 13 (1988.10.13): A. Eggebrecht, Das Alte Ägypten: 3000 Jahre Geschichte und Kultur des Pharaonenreichs (Munich, 1984), 357; "Selected Recent Acquisitions," Bulletin of the Detroit Institute of Arts 64, no. 4 (1989): 55; and D. Meeks and C. Favard-Meeks, Daily Life of the Egyptian Gods (Ithaca, N.Y., 1996), fig. 16.
L. Limme, "Un 'Prince Ramesside' Fantôme," in Aegyptus Museis Rediviva: Miscellanea in Honorem Hermanni de Meulenaere (Brussels, 1993), 114 n. 35, Thebes, doc. 7–10 (where Nes-min is identified as a "prophet of Neferhotep").
M. Mosher Jr., "Theban and Memphite Book of the Dead Traditions in the Late Period," Journal of the American Research Center in Egypt 22 (1992): 143–72; leaf 8 is illustrated as figure 3.

3
E. A. W. Budge, The Book of the Dead (The Papyrus of Ani), 1890, 1894, 1913 (with various additions and emendations).

4
For more up-to-date background material and translations of the Book of the Dead, see R. O. Faulkner, The Ancient Egyptian Book of the Dead, ed. C. Andrews (New York, 1985); T. G. Allen, The Book of the Dead, or Going Forth by Day, Studies in Ancient Oriental Civilization 37 (Chicago, 1974); and idem, The Egyptian Book of the Dead: Documents in the Oriental Institute Museum at the University of Chicago, University of Chicago Oriental Institute Publication 82 (Chicago, 1960).

5
The work on the papyrus was done in the Conservation Services Laboratory of the Detroit Institute of Arts by Valerie Baas and Christopher Foster, conservator and associate conservator of Paper and Photographs. The entire Book of the Dead was displayed as a small adjunct exhibition at the time of the major exhibition "Splendors of Ancient Egypt," July 1997–January 1998.

6
The bibliography on the Bremner-Rhind material includes the following:
E. A. W. Budge, Egyptian Hieratic Papyri in the British Museum (London, 1910).
R. O. Faulkner, The Papyrus Bremner-Rhind (British Museum No. 10188), Bibliotheca Aegyptiaca 3 (Brussels, 1933); "The Bremner-Rhind Papyrus I," Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 22 (1936): 121—40; "The Bremner-Rhind Papyrus II," Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 23 (1937): 10—16; "The Bremner-Rhind Papyrus III," Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 23 (1937): 166—85; "The Bremner-Rhind Papyrus IV," Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 24 (1938): 41—53.
F. M. H. Haikal, Two Hieratic Funerary Papyri of Nesmin, Bibliotheca Aegyptiaca 14 (Brussels, 1970).
W. Spiegelberg, "Das Kolophon des liturgischen Papyrus aus der Zeit des Alexander IV," Recueil de travaux (1913): 35–40.

7
The father: P3 di Imn nb nswt t3 wy. The mother: T3 sri n iht; her other name, Irt ir w, is the one by which she is known in the Detroit Book of the Dead.

8
In a personal communication to the author, Malcolm Mosher suggests 280–270 B.C. based on his study of documents of the period.

9
Mosher 1992 (note 2).

10
Faulkner, "The Bremner-Rhind Papyrus II," 1937 (note 6).

11
The observation that the owner of the Detroit papyrus was the same person as the Nes-min of the three papyri in the British Museum was made at different times by Carol Andrews of the British Museum, Dr. Luc Limme, Musées Royaux d'Art et d'Histoire, Brussels, and Prof. Dr. Herman De Meulenare, Seminarie voor Egyptologie, Rijksuniversiteit-Gent; it was verified by Malcolm Mosher. I offer my thanks to all of these scholars, but particularly to Carol Andrews, who was the first to point out the connection to me.

12
W. R. Dawson and E. P. Uphill, Who Was Who in Egyptology (London, 1972), 247–48

13
Two instances of gifts of large collection of antiquities from Rhind are listed in the Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries, but there is no indication about material going elsewhere. Letter to author from the Department of History and Applied Art, National Museums of Scotland, Edinburgh, May 26, 1999 (DIA curatorial files).

14
Brian M. Fagan laments the fact that Rhind died at the early age of thirty and postulates that he would have been one of the great Egyptologists had he lived (The Rape of the Nile: Tomb Robbers, Tourists, and Archaeologists in Egypt [New York, 1975], 326).

15
The registration entry for February 18, 1865, lists eight papyri (now BM10250, 10057, 10058, 10188, 10208, 10209, 100207, and 16205) as having been "Purchased from David Bremner, Esq., collected by late A H Rhind, Esq." Letter to author from Department of Egyptian Antiquities, British Museum, June 22, 1999 (DIA curatorial files).

16
Faulkner 1936 (note 6).

17
Haikal 1970 (note 6).