Rhodium-
Rh
By Allison Tyler
Mr. Champion
Smoky Hill High School
Chemistry Depeartment
-The 45th element on the periodic table
|
Atomic Number
|
45
|
Number of Protons
|
|
Atomic Mass
|
102.90
|
Protons plus Neutrons
|
|
Protons
|
45
|
Positively charged particles
|
|
Electrons
|
45 (in an atom)
|
Negatively charged particles
|
|
Neutrons
|
58
|
Neutral particles
|
|
Valence Electrons
|
5
|
Electrons in the last shell
|
|
Density
|
12.41 g/cm3
|
The amount of mass per unit of volume
|
|
Melting Point
|
1963 degrees Celcius
|
Temperature at which a solid changes to a liquid
|
|
Boiling Point
|
3697 degrees Celcius
|
Temperature at which vapor pressure is equal to external
pressure
|
|
Oxidation States
|
+2, +3, +4
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The number of electrons required to complete the shell
|
|
Lewis Structure
|
|
A diagram showing the valence electrons in an atom
|
|
Electron Configuration
|
[Kr] 4d8 5s1
|
A diagram that shows the electron distribution of an atom
|
|
Isotopes and Decay Seriea
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See below table
|
A Chain of Radioisotopes inwhich radioactive decay leads
from a heavy element with a long half-life to a final
product which is a stable isotope
|
|
Ionization energy
|
719.8 kJ/mol
|
The energy required to remove one electron from the outer
shell
|
|
Electronegativity
|
2.280000
|
Measure of an atoms ability to attract electrons
|
|
Atomic radius
|
1.83
|
How close an atom will approach another atom under
specific conditions
|
|
Ionic Radius
|
0.680000
|
The closest distance between the nucleus of an atom and
the outer shell
|
This image of idividual Rhodium atoms was produced by
P.D. Nellist and Penny
Cook using a 300 kilovolt scanning transmission electron
microscope
|
Isotope
|
Mass
|
Half Life
|
Mode of Decay
|
|
99Rh
|
98.90820
|
16 days
|
EC to 99Ru
|
|
100Rh
|
99.90812
|
20.8 hours
|
EC to 100Ru
|
|
101Rh
|
100.90616
|
3.3 years
|
EC to 101Ru
|
|
102Rh
|
102.906842
|
2.9 years
|
EC to 102Ru, ß- to
102Pd
|
|
103Rh
|
|
stable
|
|
|
104Rh
|
103.906655
|
42.3 seconds
|
EC to104Ru, ß- to
104Pd
|
|
105Rh
|
104.905692
|
35.4 hours
|
ß- to 105Pd
|
|
106Rh
|
|
29.9 seconds
|
|
Crystalline structure of Rhodium.
From University of
Sheffield
in England
Crystal stucture is cubic
-Transition metal, rare, silver-white metallic element. Serves as
catalyst in chemical reactions. (Speeds up reactions)
-Is catalyst in the production of nitric acid, organic compounds,
and medicinal drugs
-Its alloys are used in aircraft turbine engines, electric
connections, reflective surfaces of mirrors and searchlights.
-Occurs in Brazil, Canada, Colombia, Russia, South Africe, Sri
Lanka
-Isolated in 1803 by William H. Wollastomin
My Links and Sources
Mr. Champion's Home Page
Smoky
Hill's Main Page
University of
Sheffield
Exlploratory
Chemistry
UC Davis
Micronmetals
Cyber
Chemistry
Chemlab
Boone.net
My friend
Kate's
Chemistry page for Chlorine