Vandalism In The Sky Techno-Net is the protest form of the 1990s -- picketing
on the information highways. For example, a fast-growing assortment of
men and women around the world are using the InterNet (started by the
U.S. military for
information transfer-and-exchange that would never be interfered with)
to draw attention to a questionable military project in Alaska. Now
these InterNetting, e-mailing, faxing folks are blowing holes in the
Department of Defense secrecy wall, by using the government's own
system.
The printed-word part of the protest started when Dennis
Specht, an anti-nuclear activist then living in Alaska, sent a news
item to Nexus on the topic of HAARP --- the High frequency Active
Auroral Research Program. Then an Alaskan political activist and
science researcher in Anchorage, Nick Begich, networked with Patrick
and Gael Crystal Flanagan, who are
self-described TechnoMonks living in Sedona, Arizona, and was told to
check out that same Australian-based magazine. Begich was surprised to
see an item from his hometown in Nexus, and immediately headed to the
local library to dig out the documents cited in the article.
That research led to articles and the book, Angels Don't
Play this HAARP: Advances in Tesla Technology, which is 230 pages of
detailed information on this intrusive project. This article will only
give highlights. Despite the amount of research (350 footnotes), at
its heart it is a story about ordinary people who took on an
extraordinary challenge.
HAARP Boils The Upper Atmosphere:
HAARP will zap the upper atmosphere with a focused and
steerable electromagnetic beam. It is an advanced model of an
"ionospheric heater". (The ionosphere is the electrically-charged
sphere surrounding Earth's upper atmosphere. It ranges between about
40- to 600 miles above Earth's surface.)
Put simply, the apparatus for HAARP is a reversal of a
radio telescope; antennas send out signals instead of receiving. HAARP
is the test run for a super-powerful radiowave-beaming technology that
lifts areas of the ionosphere by focusing a beam and heating those
areas. Electromagnetic
waves then bounce back onto earth and penetrate everything -- living
and dead.
HAARP publicity gives the impression that the
High-frequency Active Auroral Research Program is mainly an academic
project with the goal of changing the ionosphere to improve
communications for our own good. However, other U.S. military
documents put it more clearly -- HAARP aims to learn how to "exploit
the ionosphere for Department of Defense purposes". Communicating with
submarines is only one of those purposes.
Press releases and other information from the military
on HAARP continually downplay what it could do. Publicity documents
insist that the HAARP project is no different than other ionospheric
heaters operating safely throughout the world in places such as
Arecibo, Puerto Rico; Tromso, Norway
and the former Soviet Union. However, a 1990 government document
indicates that the radio-frequency (RF) power zap will drive the
ionosphere to unnatural activities.
"...at the highest HF powers available in the West, the
instabilities commonly studied are approaching their maximum RF energy
dissipative capability, beyond which the plasma processes will
'runaway' until the next limiting factor is reached."
If the military, in cooperation with the University of
Alaska Fairbanks, can show that this new ground-based "Star Wars"
technology is sound, they both win. The military has a
relatively-inexpensive defense shield and the University can brag
about the most dramatic geophysical manipulation since atmospheric
explosions of nuclear bombs. After successful testing, they would have
the military megaprojects of the future and huge markets for Alaska's
North Slope natural gas.
Looking at the other patents which built on the work of
a Texas' physicist named Bernard Eastlund, it becomes clearer how the
military intends to use the HAARP transmitter. It also makes
governmental denials less believable. The military knows how it
intends to use this technology, and has made it
clear in their documents. The military has deliberately misled the
public, through sophisticated word games, deceit and outright
disinformation.
The military says the HAARP system could: The above abilities seem like a good idea to all who
believe in sound national defense, and to those concerned about
cost-cutting. However, the possible uses which the HAARP records do
not explain, and which can only be found in Air Force, Army, Navy and
other federal agency records, are alarming. Moreover, effects from the
reckless use of these power levels in
our natural shield - the ionosphere - could be cataclysmic according
to some scientists.
Two Alaskans put it bluntly. A founder of the NO HAARP
movement, Clare Zickuhr, says "The military is going to give the
ionosphere a big kick and see what happens."
The military failed to tell the public that they do not
know what exactly will happen, but a Penn State science article brags
about that uncertainty. Macho science? The HAARP project uses the
largest energy levels yet played with by what Begich and Manning call
"the big boys with their new toys". It
is an experiment on the sky, and experiments are done to find out
something not already known. Independent scientists told Begich and
Manning that a HAARP-type "skybuster" with its unforeseen effects
could be an act of global vandalism.
HAARP History:
The patents described below were the package of ideas
which were originally controlled by ARCO Power Technologies
Incorporated (APTI), a subsidiary of Atlantic Richfield Company, one
of the biggest oil companies in the world. APTI was the contractor
that built the HAARP facility. ARCO sold this
subsidiary, the patents and the second phase construction contract to
E-Systems in June 1994.
E-Systems is one of the biggest intelligence contractors
in the world -- doing work for the CIA, defense intelligence
organizations and others. $1.8 billion of their annual sales are to
these organizations, with $800 million for black projects -- projects
so secret that even the United States
Congress isn't told how the money is being spent.
E-Systems was bought out by Raytheon, which is one of
the largest defense contractors in the world. In 1994 Raytheon was
listed as number forty-two on the Fortune 500 list of companies.
Raytheon has thousands of patents, some of which will be valuable in
the HAARP project. The twelve patents below are the backbone of the
HAARP project, and are now buried among the
thousands of others held in the name of Raytheon.
Bernard J. Eastlund's U.S. Patent # 4,686,605 , "Method
and Apparatus for Altering a Region in the Earth's Atmosphere,
Ionosphere, and/or Magnetosphere" was sealed for a year under a
government Secrecy Order.
The Eastlund ionospheric heater was different; the radio
frequency (RF) radiation was concentrated and focused to a point in
the ionosphere. This difference throws an unprecedented amount of
energy into the ionosphere. The Eastlund device would allow a
concentration of one watt per cubic centimeter, compared to others
only able to deliver about one millionth of one watt.
This huge difference could lift and change the
ionosphere in the ways necessary to create futuristic effects
described in the patent. According to the patent, the work of Nikola
Tesla in the early 1900's formed the basis of the research.
What would this technology be worth to ARCO, the owner
of the patents? They could make enormous profits by beaming electrical
power from a powerhouse in the gas fields to the consumer without
wires.
For a time, HAARP researchers could not prove that this
was one of the intended uses for HAARP. In April, 1995, however,
Begich found other patents, connected with a "key personnel" list for
APTI. Some of these new APTI patents were indeed a wireless system for
sending electrical power.
Eastlund's patent said the technology can confuse or
completely disrupt airplanes' and missiles' sophisticated guidance
systems. Further, this ability to spray large areas of Earth with
electromagnetic waves of varying frequencies, and to control changes
in those waves, makes it possible to knock out communications on land
or sea as well as in the air. The patent
said:
"Thus, this invention provides the ability to put
unprecedented amounts of power in the Earth's atmosphere at strategic
locations and to maintain the power injection level, particularly if
random pulsing is employed, in a manner far more precise and better
controlled than heretofore accomplished
by the prior art, particularly by detonation of nuclear devices of
various yields at various altitudes..."
'..it is possible not only to interfere with third party
communications but to take advantage of one or more such beams to
carry out a communications network even though the rest of the world's
communications are disrupted. Put another way, what is used to disrupt
another's communications can be employed by one knowledgeable of this
invention as a communication network
at the same time."
.'.. large regions of the atmosphere could be lifted to
an unexpectedly high altitude so that missiles encounter unexpected
and unplanned drag forces with resultant destruction ...
" Weather modification is possible by, for example,
altering upper atmosphere wind patterns by constructing one or more
plumes of atmospheric particles which will act as a lens or focusing
device. ... molecular modifications of the atmosphere can take place
so that positive environmental effects can be achieved. Besides
actually changing the molecular composition of an atmospheric region,
a particular molecule or molecules can be chosen for increased
presence. For example, ozone, nitrogen, etc., concentrations in the
atmosphere could be artificially
increased...
Begich found eleven other APTI patents. They told how to
make Nuclear-sized Explosions without Radiation", power-beaming
systems, over-the-horizon radar, detection systems for missiles
carrying nuclear warheads, electromagnetic pulses previously produced
by thermonuclear weapons and other Star-Wars tricks. This cluster of
patents underlay the HAARP weapon system.
Related research by Begich and Manning uncovered bizarre
schemes. For example, Air Force documents revealed that a system had
been developed for manipulating and disrupting human mental processes
through pulsed radio-frequency radiation (the stuff of HAARP) over
large geographical areas. The most telling material about this
technology came from writings of Zbigniew Brzezinski (former National
Security Advisory to U.S. President
Carter) and J.F. MacDonald (science advisor to U.S. President Johnson
and a professor of Geophysics at UCLA), as they wrote about use of
power-beaming transmitters for geophysical and environmental warfare.
The documents showed how these effects might be caused, and the
negative effects on human health and thinking.
The mental-disruption possibilities for HAARP are the
most disturbing. More than 40 pages of the book, with dozens of
footnotes, chronicle the work of Harvard professors, military planners
and scientists as they plan and test this use of the electromagnetic
technology. For example, one of the papers
describing this use was from the International Red Cross in Geneva. It
even gave the frequency ranges where these effects could occur -- the
same ranges which HAARP is capable of broadcasting.
The following statement was made more than twenty-five
years ago, in a book by Brzezinski which he wrote while a professor at
Columbia University:
"Political strategists are tempted to exploit research
on the brain and human behavior. Geophysicist Gordon J. F.MacDonald --
specialist in problems of warfare -- says accurately-timed,
artificially-excited electronic strokes 'could lead to a pattern of
oscillations that produce relatively high power levels over certain
regions of the earth...In this way, one could develop a system that
would seriously impair the brain
performance of very large populations in selected regions over an
extended period'...No matter how deeply disturbing the thought of
using the environment to manipulate behavior for national advantages ,
to some, the technology permitting such use will very probably develop
within the next few decades."
In 1966, MacDonald was a member of the President's
Science Advisory Committee and later a member of the President's
Council on Environmental Quality. He published papers on the use of
environmental control technologies for military purposes. The most
profound comment he made as a geophysicist was, "The key to
geophysical warfare is the identification of environmental
instabilities to which the addition of a small amount of energy would
release vastly greater amounts of energy." While yesterday's
geophysicists predicted today's advances, are HAARP program managers
delivering on the vision?
The geophysicists recognized that adding energy to the
environmental soup could have large effects. However, humankind has
already added substantial amounts of electromagnetic energy into our
environment without understanding what might constitute critical mass.
The book by Begich and
Manning raises questions: Have these additions been without effect, or
is there a cumulative amount beyond which irreparable damage can be
done? Is HAARP another step in a journey from which we cannot turn
back? Are we about to embark on another energy experiment which
unleashes another set of demons from Pandora's box?
As early as 1970, Zbigniew Brzezinski predicted a "more
controlled and directed society" would gradually appear, linked to
technology. This society would be dominated by an elite group which
impresses voters by allegedly superior scientific know-how. Angels
Don't Play This HAARP further quotes Brzezinski:
"Unhindered by the restraints of traditional liberal
values, this elite would not hesitate to achieve its political ends by
using the latest modern techniques for influencing public behavior and
keeping society under close
surveillance and control. Technical and scientific momentum would then
feed on the situation it exploits", Brzezinski predicted.
His forecasts proved accurate. Today, a number of new
tools for the "elite" are emerging, and the temptation to use them
increases steadily. The policies to permit the tools to be used are
already in place. How could the United States be changed, bit by bit,
into the predicted highly-controlled
technosociety? Among the "steppingstones" Brzezinski expected were
persisting social crises and use of the mass media to gain the
public's confidence.
In another document prepared by the government, the U.S.
Air Force claims:
"The potential applications of artificial
electromagnetic fields are wide-ranging and can be used in many
military or quasi-military situations...Some of these potential uses
include dealing with terrorist groups, crowd control, controlling
breaches of security at military installations, and antipersonnel
techniques in tactical warfare. In all of these cases the EM
(electromagnetic) systems would be used to produce mild to severe
physiological disruption or perceptual distortion or disorientation.
In addition, the ability of individuals to function could be degraded
to such a point that they would be combat ineffective. Another
advantage of electromagnetic systems is that they can provide coverage
over large areas with a single system. They are silent and
countermeasures to them may be difficult to develop... One last area
where electromagnetic
radiation may prove of some value is in enhancing abilities of
individuals for anomalous phenomena."
Do these comments point to uses already somewhat
developed? The author of the government report refers to an earlier
Air Force document about the uses of radiofrequency radiation in
combat situations. (Here Begich and Manning note that HAARP is the
most versatile and the largest radio-frequency-radiation transmitter
in the world.)
The United States Congressional record deals with the
use of HAARP for penetrating the earth with signals bounced off of the
ionosphere. These signals are used to look inside the planet to a
depth of many kilometers in order to locate underground munitions,
minerals and tunnels. The U.S. Senate set aside $15 million dollars in
1996 to develop this ability alone
-- earth-penetrating-tomography. The problem is that the frequency
needed for earth-penetrating radiations is within the frequency range
most cited for disruption of human mental functions. It may also have
profound effects on migration patterns of fish and wild animals which
rely on an undisturbed
energy field to find their routes.
As if electromagnetic pulses in the sky and mental
disruption were not enough, Eastlund bragged that the super-powerful
ionospheric heater could control weather. Begich and Manning brought
to light government documents indicating that the military has
weather-control technology. When HAARP is
eventually built to its full power level, it could create weather
effects over entire hemispheres. If one government experiments with
the world's weather patterns, what is done in one place will impact
everyone else on the planet. Angels Don't Play This HAARP explains a
principle behind some of Nikola Tesla's inventions -- resonance --
which affects planetary systems.
Bubble Of Electric Particles:
Angels Don't Play This HAARP includes interviews with
independent scientists such as Elizabeth Rauscher. She has a Ph.D., a
long and impressive career in high-energy physics, and has been
published in prestigious science journals and books. Rauscher
commented on HAARP. "You're pumping tremendous energy into an
extremely delicate molecular configuration that comprises these
multi-layers we call the ionosphere." The ionosphere is prone to
catalytic reactions, she explained; if a small part is changed, a
major change in the ionosphere can happen.
In describing the ionosphere as a delicately balanced
system, Dr. Rauscher shared her mental picture of it -- a
soap-bubble-like sphere surrounding Earth's atmosphere, with movements
swirling over the surface of the bubble. If a big enough hole is
punched through it, she predicts, it could pop.
Slicing The Ionosphere:
Physicist Daniel Winter, Ph. D. , of Waynesville, North
Carolina, says HAARP high-frequency emissions can couple with longwave
(low-frequency, or ELF) pulses the Earth grid uses to distribute
information as vibrations to synchronize dances of life in the
biosphere. Dan terms this geomagnetic action 'Earth's information
bloodstream'., and says it is likely that coupling of HAARP HF
(high-frequency) with natural ELF (extremely low
frequency) can cause unplanned, unsuspected side effects.
David Yarrow of Albany, New York, is a researcher with a
background in electronics. He described possible interactions of HAARP
radiations with the ionosphere and Earth's magnetic grid:
"HAARP will not burn 'holes' in the ionosphere. That is
a dangerous understatement of what HAARP's giant gigawatt beam will
do. Earth is spinning relative to thin electric shells of the
multilayer membrane of 'ion-o-speres' that absorb and shield Earth's
surface from intense solar radiation, including charged particle
storms in solar winds erupting from the sun. Earth's axial spin means
that HAARP -- in a burst lasting more
than a few minutes -- will slice through the ionosphere like a
microwave knife. This produces not a 'hole', but a long tear -- an
incision."
Crudely Plucking The Strings:
"Second concept: As Earth rotates, HAARP will slice
across geomagnetic flux...a donut-shaped spool of magnetic strings --
like longitude meridians (on maps). HAARP may not 'cut' these strings
in Gaia's magnetic mantle, but will pulse each thread with harsh,
out-of-harmony high frequencies. These
noisy impulses will vibrate geomagnetic flux lines, sending vibrations
all through the geomagnetic web."
"The image comes to mind of a spider on its web. An
insect lands, and the web's vibrations alert the spider to possible
prey. HAARP will be a man-made microwave finger poking at the web,
sending out confusing signals, if not tearing holes in the threads."
"Effects of this interference with symphonies of Gaia's
geomagnetic harp are unknown, and I suspect barely thought of. Even if
thought of, the intent (of HAARP) is to learn to exploit any effects,
not to play in tune to global symphonies."
Among other researchers quoted is Paul Schaefer of
Kansas City. His degree is in electrical engineering and he spent four
years building nuclear weapons. "But most of the theories that we have
been taught by scientists to believe in seem to be falling apart," he
says.
He talks about imbalances already caused by the
industrial and atomic age, especially by radiation of large numbers of
tiny, high-velocity particles "like very small spinning tops into our
environment. The unnatural level of
motion of highly-energetic particles in the atmosphere and in
radiation belts surrounding Earth is the villain in the weather
disruptions, according to this model, which describes an Earth
discharging its buildup of heat, relieving stress and regaining a
balanced condition through earthquakes and volcanic action.
'Feverish' Earth:
"One might compare the abnormal energetic state of the
Earth and its atmosphere to a car battery which has become overcharged
with the normal flow of energy jammed up, resulting in hot spots,
electrical arcing, physical cracks and general turbulence as the
pent-up energy tries to find some place to go."
In a second analogy, Schaefer says "Unless we desire the
death of our planet, we must end the production of unstable particles
which are generating the earth's fever. A first priority to prevent
this disaster would be to shut down all nuclear power plants and end
the testing of atomic weapons, electronic warfare and 'Star Wars'."
Meanwhile, the military builds its biggest ionospheric
heater yet, to deliberately create more instabilities in a huge plasma
layer -- the ionosphere -- and to rev up the energy level of charged
particles.
Electronic Rain From The Sky:
They have published papers about electron precipitation
from the magnetosphere (the outer belts of charged particles which
stream toward Earth's magnetic poles) caused by man-made very low
frequency electromagnetic waves. "These precipitated particles can
produce secondary ionization, emit X-rays, and cause significant
perturbation in the lower
ionosphere."
Two Stanford University radio scientists offer evidence
of what technology can do to affect the sky by making waves on earth;
they showed that very low frequency radio waves can vibrate the
magnetosphere and cause high-energy particles to cascade into Earth's
atmosphere. By turning the signal on or off, they could stop the flow
of energetic particles.
Weather Control:
Avalanches of energy dislodged by such radio waves could
hit us hard. Their work suggests that technicians could control global
weather by sending relatively small 'signals' into the Van Allen belts
(radiation belts around Earth). Thus Tesla's resonance effects can
control enormous energies by tiny triggering signals.
The Begich/ Manning book asks whether that knowledge
will be used by war-oriented or biosphere-oriented scientists.
The military has had about twenty years to work on
weather warfare methods, which it euphemistically calls weather
modification. For example, rainmaking technology was taken for a few
test rides in Vietnam. The U.S. Department of Defense sampled
lightning and hurricane manipulation studies in Project Skyfire and
Project Stormfury. And they looked at some complicated technologies
that would give big effects. Angels Don't Play
This HAARP cites an expert who says the military studied both lasers
and chemicals which they figured could damage the ozone layer over an
enemy. Looking at ways to cause earthquakes, as well as to detect
them, was part of the project named Prime Argus, decades ago. The
money for that came from the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency
(DARPA, now under the acronym
ARPA.)
In 1994 the Air Force revealed its Spacecast 2020 master
plan which includes weather control. Scientists have experimented with
weather control since the 1940's, but Spacecast 2020 noted that "using
environmental modification techniques to destroy, damage or injure
another state are prohibited". Having said that, the Air Force claimed
that advances in technology "compels a reexamination of this sensitive
and potentially risky
topic."
40 Years Of Zapping The Sky?:
As far back as 1958, the chief White House advisor on
weather modification, Captain Howard T. Orville, said the U.S. defense
department was studying "ways to manipulate the charges of the earth
and sky and so affect the weather" by using an electronic beam to
ionize or de-ionize the atmosphere over a given area.
In 1966, Professor Gordon J. F. MacDonald was associate
director of the Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics at the
University of California, Los Angeles, was a member of the President's
Science Advisory Committee, and later a member of the President's
Council on Environmental Quality. He published papers on the use of
environmental-control technologies for military purposes. MacDonald
made a revealing comment:
"The key to geophysical warfare is the identification of
environmental instabilities to which the addition of a small amount of
energy would release vastly greater amounts of energy."
World-recognized scientist MacDonald had a number of
ideas for using the environment as a weapon system and he contributed
to what was, at the time, the dream of a futurist. When he wrote his
chapter, "How To Wreck The Environment", for the book Unless Peace
Comes, he was not kidding around. In it he describes the use of
weather manipulation, climate modification,
polar ice cap melting or destabilization, ozone depletion techniques,
earthquake engineering, ocean wave control and brain wave manipulation
using the planet's energy fields. He also said that these types of
weapons would be developed and, when used, would be virtually
undetectable by their victims. Is HAARP that weapon? The military's
intention to do environmental engineering is well documented.
U.S. Congress' subcommittee hearings on Oceans and
International Environment looked into military weather and climate
modification conducted in the early 1970's. "What emerged was an
awesome picture of far-ranging research and experimentation by the
Department of Defense into ways
environmental tampering could be used as a weapon," said another
author cited in Angels Don't Play This HAARP.
The revealed secrets surprised legislators. Would an
inquiry into the state of the art of electromagnetic manipulation
surprise lawmakers today? They may find out that technologies
developed out of the HAARP experiments in Alaska could deliver on
Gordon MacDonald's vision, because leading-edge
scientists are describing global weather as not only air pressure and
thermal systems, but also as an electrical system.
'Small Input, Big Effect':
HAARP zaps the ionosphere where it is relatively
unstable. A point to remember is that the ionosphere is an active
electrical shield protecting the planet from the constant bombardment
of high-energy particles from space. This conducting plasma, along
with Earth's magnetic field, traps the electrical plasma of space and
holds it back from going directly to the
earth's surface, says Charles Yost of Dynamic Systems, Leicester,
North Carolina.
"If the ionosphere is greatly disturbed, the atmosphere
below is subsequently disturbed.".
Another scientist interviewed said there is a
super-powerful electrical connection between the ionosphere and the
part of the atmosphere where our weather comes onstage, the lower
atmosphere.
One man-made electrical effect - power line harmonic
resonance - causes fallout of charged particles from the Van Allen
(radiation) belts, and the falling ions cause ice crystals (which
precipitate rain clouds).
What about HAARP? Energy blasted upward from an
ionospheric heater is not much compared to the total in the
ionosphere, but HAARP documents admit that thousandfold-greater
amounts of energy can be released in the ionosphere than injected. As
with MacDonald's "key to geophysical warfare",
"nonlinear" effects (described in the literature about the ionospheric
heater) mean small input and large output. Astrophysicist Adam Trombly
told Manning that an acupuncture model is one way to look at the
possible effect of multi-gigawatt pulsing of the ionosphere. If HAARP
hits certain points ,
those parts of the ionosphere could react in surprising ways.
Smaller ionospheric heaters such as the one at Arecibo
are underneath relatively placid regions of the ionosphere, compared
to the dynamic movements nearer Earth's magnetic poles. That adds
another uncertainty to HAARP - the unpredictable and lively upper
atmosphere near the North Pole.
HAARP experimenters do not impress common sense Alaskans
such as Barbara Zickuhr, who says "They're like boys playing with a
sharp stick, finding a sleeping bear and poking it in the butt to see
what's going to happen."
Could They Short-Circuit Earth?:
Earth as a spherical electrical system is a fairly
well-accepted model. However, those experimenters who want to make
unnatural power connections between parts of this system might not be
thinking of possible consequences. Electrical motors and generators
can be caused to wobble when their circuits are affected. Could human
activities cause a significant change in a planet's electrical circuit
or electrical field? A paper in the
respected journal Science deals with manmade ionization from
radioactive material, but perhaps it could also be studied with
HAARP-type skybusters in mind:
"For example, while changes in the earth's electric
field resulting from a solar flare modulating conductivity may have
only a barely detectable effect on meteorology, the situation may be
different in regard to electric field changes caused by manmade
ionization..."
Meteorology, of course, is the study of the atmosphere
and weather. Ionization is what happens when a higher level of power
is zapped into atoms and knocks electrons off the atoms. The resulting
charged particles are the stuff of HAARP. "One look at the weather
should tell us that we are on the wrong path," says Paul Schaefer,
commenting on HAARP-type technologies.
Angels Don't Play This HAARP: Advances in Tesla
Technology is about the military's plan to manipulate that which
belongs to the world - the ionosphere. The arrogance of the United
States government in this is not without precedent. Atmospheric
nuclear tests had similar goals. More recently, China and France put
their people's money to destructive use in
underground nuclear tests. It was recently reported that the US
government spent $3 trillion dollars on its nuclear program since its
beginnings in the 1940's. What new breakthroughs in life science could
have been made with all the money spent on death?
Begich, Manning, Roderick and others believe that
democracies need to be founded on openness, rather than the secrecy
which surrounds so much military science. Knowledge used in developing
revolutionary weapons could be used for healing and helping mankind.
Because they are used in new weapons, discoveries are classified and
suppressed. When they do appear in
the work of other independent scientists, the new ideas are often
frustrated or ridiculed, while military research laboratories continue
to build their new machines for the killing fields.
However, the book by Manning and Begich gives hope that
the military-industrial- academic- bureaucratic Goliath can be
affected by the combined power of determined individuals and the
alternative press. Becoming informed is the first step to
empowerment.