Paper read at the 1998 Mid-America Linguistics Conference
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John
E. McLaughlin
Utah State University
and LingNet Resources
L1/2 Shoshone (Uto-Aztecan): p, t, ts, k, kw, s, h, m, n, w, j; i, e, a, y, o, u
L3 Zuni (isolate): p, t, ts, tsh, k, kw, s, sh, h, m, n, l, lh, w, j; i, e, a, o, u
L4 Indo-European (reconstructed): bh, b, p, dh, d, t, gh, g, k, gwh, gw, kw, s, h, m, n, l, r, w, j; i, e, a, o, u
L5 Hungarian (Uralic): b, p, d, t, ts, dj, tj, tsh, g, k, v, f, z, s, zh, sh, h, m, n, nj, l, r, j; i, e, a, o, oe, u, ue
L6 English (Indo-European): b, p, d, t, dzh, tsh, g, k, v, f, Dh, Th, z, s, zh, sh, h, m, n, ng, l, r, w, j; i, I, e, E, ae, a, 6, o, O, u, U
L7 Eastern Keres (Keresan): b, p, p', d, t, t', ts, ts', tsr, tsr', dj, tsh, tsh', g, k, k', z, s, s', zr, sr, sr', sh, sh', h, m, m', n, n', r, w, w', j, j'; i, e, a, 6, u
L8 Lushootseed (Salishan): b, p, p', d, t, t', dz, ts, ts', dzh, tsh, tsh', g, k, k', gw, kw, k'w, q, q', qw, q'w, s, sh, xw, xh, xhw, h, m, n, tl', l, lh, w, j; i, a, 6, u
L9/10 Heiltsuk (Wakashan): b, p, p', d, t, t', dz, ts, ts', g, k, k', gw, kw, k'w, G, q, q', Gw,
qw, q'w, s, x, xw, xh, xhw, h, h', m, m', n, n', dl, tl, tl', l, lh, l', w, w', j, j'; i, a, u
Note on transcription: to make this chart readable in any ASCII-based font, I have changed the phonetic symbols to the following:
bh, dh, gh, gwh are aspirated voiced stops.
tj, dj are palatal stops.
G is a voiced uvular stop.
sh, zh are alveopalatal fricatives.
Th, Dh are interdental fricatives.
sr, zr are retroflexed fricatives.
xh is a voiceless uvular fricative.
lh is a voiceless lateral fricative.
tsh, dzh are alveopalatal affricates.
tsr is a retroflexed affricate.
tl, dl are lateral affricates.
nj is a palatal nasal.
ng is a velar nasal.
j is a palatal approximant.
y is a high back unrounded vowel.
ue, oe are front rounded vowels.
I, E, U, O are lax vowels.
6 is a mid central unrounded vowel.
ae is a low front unrounded vowel.
