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SURVEY ON MODERN MARTINIST ORDERS

The martinist tradition can trace its origin to the appearance of Don Martinez de Pasqualley (1710 or 1727-1774, full name; Jacques de Livron Joachim de la Tour de la Casa Martinez de Pasqually, but there is a confusion between the similar named father and the son, and its uncertain which of them it derives from) in the middle of the 18th century. Moreover, Martinism has taken its name from Pasqualley`s disciple Louis Cloude de San Martin (1743-1803), as well as being very inspired by his philosophy. Pasqually and Saint-Martin met in Foix in 1768, and Saint-Martin joined the Eulis Cohens shortly thereafter. But another one of Pasqualley`s students, Jean-Baptiste Willermoz (1730-1824), has also had some influence on aspects of the Martinist tradition. Modern Martinism disseminated in Europe through these three main branches:

- The order which is clearest attributed to Pasqualley; L`Ordre des Chevaliers Elus Cohens de l`Universe (5 degrees).

- The Charitable Knights of the Holy City, an old rite which was reorganized (founded) by Willermoz in 1778.

- And then there are the modern ´Papus-Martinismª based on Saint Martins work, and which technically was named Ordre des Silencieux Inconnus, but which is better known as L`Ordre Martinisme. Elus-Cohen & the Charitable Knights having the clearest masonic relation.

There is a verbal tradition, which relates that Saint-Martin actually founded an order (this is something the majority doubts, allthough one agrees upon that Saint Martin in the beginning operated the ´Pasqually-orderª), the so-called ´Rectified Rite of Saint Martinª. It allegedly consisted of ten degrees, which later got reduced to seven degrees:

1. Apprentice
2. Craftsman or Journeyman
3. Master
4. Elder Master
5. Elected
6. Grand Architect
7. Secret Master
8. Prince of Jerusalem
9. Knight of Palestine
10. Kadosh

1. Apprentice
2. Craftsman or Journeyman
3. Master
4. Perfect Master
5. Elected
6. Ecossais
7. Saint

Some Martinist traditions also refers to a Martin of Pannonia (born ca. 316 A.D.), which was canonized after his death 397 A.D. (the saint of the travellers, the poor and the thiefs) and better known as Saint Martin of Tours. Some have also claimed that the above mentioned degrees, actually refers to this person, and not to LCSM (in 1770, a Saint Martin rite was established in Paris). Saint Martin was originally a pagan, but became a knight (and later a bishop) in the Roman army under the reign of Constantine. He was known to have defended some heretics, during the Church`s first purge processes. The perheps most famous story about this saint, was when he met a naked beggar in the cold, divided his cloak into two parts, and gave half to the freezing man.

Creation of an Order for the Anonymous Philosophers

Nearly all the modern Martinist Orders is a manifestation of the good work of Papus (Dr. Gerard Encausse, 1865-1916), who revitalized it during the period of 1882-91. He collected several of his brethren in 1888 forming the first Martinist Supreme Council, in order to prevent irregularities in the Martinist Initiation. In 1891 they formed an organization called l'Ordre des SupÈrieurs Inconnus of three degrees, commonly known as the Order of the Martinists, which was based on two extinct Masonic Rites: the Rite of Elus-Cohens (of DM de Pasqually) and the Rectified Rite of Saint-Martin (of LC de Saint-Martin).

They divided The Initiation into its constituent parts; S.I. - P.I. and I.L. However, in time the S.I. (originally just one degree) have been divided into four parts, as shown below, and this have caused much confusion among the different Martinist obediances. Some orders have only divided it into three parts, and made the Unknown Philosopher degree identic to the S.I.I. The picture would look something like this:

1) Associate (S.I. I)
2) Mystic/Initiate (S.I. II)
3) (Unknown) Superior (S.I. III)
4) Unknown Philosopher (P.I.)(S.I. IV)
5) S.I.I. (OM&S: Unknown Philosopher; P.I.)
6) Free Initiator (L.I.)

[I - A - O]

Some martinists prefered to continue independent operations. It was these "free" Martinists that Victor Blanchard drew upon in 1918 to form his branch of the Martinist Order. To this day, there are still a few independent "free" Martinists not associated with the two largest "regular" branches of Martinism: the Martinist Order and Synarchy and the Ordre Martiniste. The Martinist Order of the lus Cohens is also considered a regular Martinist body, but its methods are the theurgical ones of Martines de Pasqually rather than the mystical ones of Louis Claude de Saint Martin. There are also other tiny regular Martinist Orders, such as the ìRussianî branch descended from the Martinist Lodge founded by Papus at the Court of Czar Nicholas. The oldest Martinist Orders in existance, all deriving from the order of papus are the Martinist Order and Synarchy, the Traditional Martinist Order and the Ordre Martiniste.

The modern Martinist Orders organize their conventicles (teaching groups) under the following terms:

- Circle (seven members or less)
- Heptad (seven members or more)
- Lodge (twenty-one or more)

One may say that their teachings include Christian Mysticism, Theosophy, Kabbalah, Hermeticism, and other similar esoteric subjects. The Martinism philosophy are indeed inspired by the classical theosophy and the works of people like; Jacob Boehme, Johan Georg Gichtel and Emmanuel Swedenborg, in addition to the previosuly mentioned Martinez de Pasqually, Jean-Baptiste Willermoz and Louis-Claude de Saint-Martin (who summarised these currents of thoughts at the turn of the 18th century).

Martinism has attracted many prominent members of the esoteric world, such as: Papus, Arthur Edward Waite, Eliphas LÈvi, Margaret Peeke, Henri Delaage, Maria Desraimes and Gearges Martin (the founders of Co-Masonry), Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, Colonel Olcott, Annie Besant, James Ingall Wedgwood, Charles Webster Leadbeater and other prominent members in the Theosophical Society, and many other well-known Masons and Rosicrucians in England, Germany, Belgium, France, and the USA.

The Martinist Order (of France/Papus) (L`Ordre Martiniste)

is the name of the first order created by Papus in Paris 1888. Papus was the Grand Master from 1888 to his death in 1916. The first Supreme Council consisted of these individuals:

1. Papus (Grand Master)
2. Pierre Augustin Chaboseau
3. Paul Adam
4. Charles Barlet
5. Maurice Barres
6. Burget
7. Lucien Chamuel,
8. Stanislas de Guaita
9. LeJay
10. Montiere
11. Josephin Peladan
12. Yvon Le Loup (Sedir)

[13. Eduoard Blitz]

Maurice Barres and Josephin Peladan soon left, and was replaced by Marc Haven and Victor-Emile Michelet. Dr. Edouard Blitz, as a Sovereign Delegate in USA, was also a member of the Supreme Council. It seems that he often is overlooked in Martinist history, probably because he left the ´Papus-Martinismª, after a controversy with him on the suject of Masonic Requisition.

The Martinist succession consists of people having received initiatoric and informal "touch" or "transmission", from person to person.

The succession of Papus was thus:

1. Louis-Claude de Saint-Martin (1743-1803)
2. Jean-Antoine Chaptal (Compte de Chanteloup)(died 1832)
3. ´Xª
4. Henri Delaage (died 1882)
5. Dr. GÈrard Encausse (ie. Papus, initiated in 1889, died 1916)

However, there was a missing link in Papus lineage, so in 1888, Augustin Chaboseau (a member of the original Supreme Council of 1888) and GÈrard Encausse exchanged personal Initiations to consolidate the succession. The Martinist Oder therefore consisted of 2 spiritual lineages, this being the other one:

1. Louis-Claude de Saint-Martin (1743-1803)
2. Abbe de la Noue (died 1820)
3. J. Antoine-Marie Hennequin (died 1851)
4. Adolphe Desbarolles (Compte d`Haubercourt)(died 1880)
5. Henri de la Touche (Paul-Hyacinthe de Nouel de la Touche)(died 1851)
6. Marquise AmÈlie de Mortemart de Boisse (born AmÈlie de Nouel de la Touche)
7. Pierre Augustin Chaboseau (initiated in 1886, died in 1946)

After Papus death Charles DetrÈ (esoteric name "Teder") became the Grand Master after Encausse's death. He decided to limit the membership of the Martinist Order (L`Ordre Martiniste) to Freemasons (meaning male masons which have reached minimum the third degree of blue masonry), especially those of the Rite of Memphis & Misraim. Of course this meant that the females would be left out of Martinism, and this was also not in accordance to the philosophy of original Martinism. Naturally this caused great disagreement among the membersship, and several persons from the original 1891 Martinist Supreme Council left the Order.

L'Ordre Martiniste-MartinÈziste (of Lyons)

is the name DetrÈ gave the order in 1916, after having moved to Lyon and bringing the Order with him. Therefore, we can consider the original Martinist Order of Papus as dead, at least until it was ´reawakenedª several years later by his son. The successive Grand Masters of L'Ordre Martiniste-MartinÈziste were:

0. (Papus 1888-1916)
1. Charles DetrÈ (Teder) (1916-1918)
2. Jean Bricaud (1918-1934)
3. Constantin Chevillon (1934-1944)
4. Henri-Charles Dupont (1944-1958)

It was finally closed by Dupont on the 14th of December 1958 (by a merge).

The masonic requirement of DetrÈ's in 1916, was the first cause to the creation of all the new and plural Martinist Orders.

L`Ordre Martiniste (The Martinist Order of Paris)

founded in 1951 by Philippe Encausse (son of Papus). He had gathered together a number of unattached ("free") French Martinists and formed the order under the original constitution. Phillipe Encausse ´inheritedª the L'Ordre Martiniste-MartinÈziste by Dupont, and as the new grandmaster he merged it with the Federation of the Martinist Orders, the L`Ordre Martiniste and the Martinist Order of the Elus Cohen (of Robert Ambelain) and removed the Masonic qualification which was given by Detre. He resigned as GM in 1971, succeeded by IrÈnÈe SÈguret which stayed in office till 1974. Philippe Encausse took the function again in 1975, finally resigning in 1979. Either Emilio Lorenzo have headed the Order since 1979, or Sitael took over may 20 1978 (I have learned both, and i dont know which is the truth). Robert Ambelain stayed GM for Interior Order. The lineage is such:

1. Papus (died 1916)
2. Charles Detre (ie. Teder, died in 1918)
3. Jean Bricaud (died in 1934)
4. Constant Chevillon (assassinated by the Vichy Milita in 1944)
5. Charles-Henry Dupont (died 1960)
6. Philippe Encausse (retired in 1960) ( GM Exterior Order 1952-1984)
7. IrÈnÈe SÈruget (1971-74)
8. Emilio Lorenzo (1979) or Sitael (1978)

The Martinist Order (of Paris) eventually became the largest body of regularly initiated Martinists until the Second World War.

The Federation of the Martinist Orders

founded in 1958 and had only Philippe Encausse as President, since it was dissolved after his death. Its purpose was to unite all the Martinist Orders. It was recognized by the Ordre Martiniste of Papus, the Ordre Martiniste-MartinÈziste of Lyons, the Martinist Order of the "Elus Cohen",and the Ordre Martiniste et Synarchique. It is as President of this Federation that Philippe Encausse suggested the creation of the Martinist Order of the Netherlands, in 1975.

L'Ordre Martiniste Belge

created in 1968 and headed by the Belgian astrologer and former member of the Supreme Council of the L`Ordre Martiniste, Gustave-Lambert Brahy. The members of its Supreme Council were: Gustave-Lambert Brahy, Pierre-Marie Hermant, StÈphane Beuze and Maurice Warnon (who resigned in 1975 to work in the Ordre Martiniste des Pays-Bas). All four were former members of the Supreme Council of the L`Ordre Martiniste. This branch of Martinism practically disappeared with the demise of Gustave Brahy in 1991. There is only one Group remaining, under the guidance of Brother Loruite.

Both L'Ordre Martiniste des Pays-Bas and L'Ordre Martiniste Belge was created by the request of Philippe Encausse. The reason was that there had been much disagreement in L`Ordre Martiniste about which religious affiliation the order should have. Many small independent religions and neo-gnostic churches was popular among the martinists (such as EGC/EGU/EGA), but some still prefered to stick to the traditional mainstream religions. When the L`ordre Martiniste in 1968 comfirmed the alliance with the EGU in 1918 (making it the official religion of the order), many members objected to this limitation of their religious freedom and left the order. Therefore, to allow the members to keep the freedom to worship in the churches of their choice, they offered the two other orders as an alternative.

L'Ordre Martiniste des Pays-Bas

was introduced in the Netherlands on September 26th, 1968, on request of Philippe Encausse, the President of the Federation of the Martinist Orders located in Paris. Maurice H. Warnon of Brussels (a former member of the Supreme Council of the L`Ordre Martiniste) was appointed by Philippe Encausse as Sovereign National Representative for the Netherlands , with the mission to spread the Martinist ideas and initiations in that particular country.

After working closely with the French Martinist Order, it became apparent that the Dutch members objected to the close relationship of the French Organization with the Gnostic Apostolic Church, most of them being from Protestant origin. They wanted to keep a complete freedom of religion. Philippe Encausse then suggested a second time to create a separate branch of the Martinist tree, namely the Ordre Martiniste des Pays-Bas.

The decision for independence came in September 1975, during the "Martinist Days", the annual gathering of the members of the Order in the Netherlands. A new Constitution was adopted and subsequently, the "Ordre Martiniste des Pays-Bas" was founded on September 12th of the same year, by the transmission of the powers of the National Representative of the French Martinist Order to the newly created Supreme Council of the Netherlands. The members of its Supreme Council were: Maurice Warnon, Augustus Goetmakers, Bep Goetmakers, Femke Iken, Annie Iken and Joan Warnon-Poortman.

The Martinist Order of the Netherlands is not a territorial jurisdiction, but a specific orientation of the Martinist movement. During the years, it has grown into an international Order, existing in several countries, on two continents.

Ordre Martiniste des lus Cohens (Ordre des Chevaliers Macons Elus-Cohen de l'Univers)

Originally founded by Don Martinez de Pasqually in 1768. It was merged with some Freemasonic rites by his disciple and successor Jean-Baptiste Willermoz. We have seen how Detre re-introduced the Masonic requirement into Martinism. Also, Dr. Eduoard Blitz, a former companion of Papus, worked with the Charitable Knights of the Holy City of Willermoz, in USA, and hence practising the masonic requirement. After the Second World War, three S. I. Martinists, including Robert Ambelain (Sar Aurifer), its Grand Master, using Elus Cohen rituals that they had obtained from various sources, revived the Ordre Martiniste des lus Cohens which practices the operative form of Elus Cohen Theurgy, and hence perpetuating the martinism of Willermoz. As in the case of Blitz and Detre, Ambelain also preserved it solely for males.

The original Order of the Elected Cohens had worked from 1767 and at least until 1807. From there the lineage is either broken or at least cloudy. These are the initiates of Order of the Masonic Knights Elect Cohen of the Universe France:

1. J. de Livron de la Tour de la Case Martinez de Pasqually 1767-1774
2. Caignet de Lestere 1774-1779
3. Sebastian de las Casas 1780
4. G.Z.W.J. 1807

While Abelains Martinist Order of the Elect Cohen in France from 1942-1967:

1. Robert Ambelain (Aurifer) 1942-1967
2. Ivan Mosca (Hermete) 1967-1968

An Italian offshoot:

1. Krisna Frater
2. Francesco Brunelli

The grades transmitted in the elect cohen are thus:

1st degree - Master Elect-Cohen
2nd degree - Knight of the Orient
3rd Degree - Commander of the Orient
4th Degree - RÈaux-Croix

Other sources relates this:

1 - Ordre des Chevalier MaÁons Elus-Cohen de L'Univers
2 - Order of Knight Masons
3 - Elect priests of the Universe
4 - RÈaux-Croix

(Apperently someone [besides from me] are severely confused on the matter)

The order merged with the Martinist Order of Phillipe Encausse. Ambelain published a declaration in the Martinist magazine ´L'Initiationª in 1964 concerning the closedown of the order. 30 years later it was revived once more - again by Ambelain - who still seems to be living in Paris.

L'Ordre Martiniste et Synarchique

This order is one of the oldest surviving regular Martinist Order which has had a continual existence since its founding is in 1918 by Victor Blanchard (Sar Yesir). Originally it was Blanchard that was to become the successor of DetrË as GM of the L'Ordre Martiniste-MartinÈziste. Blanchard turned this down, as he was not in favor for the masonic requirement in Martinism. So In 1918 Blanchard gathered together the former Supreme Council of Martinists and the independent Martinists who did not adhere to or belong to the Masonic Martinist branches, forming a Martinist Order under the original constitution which Initiated both men and women. Later, in 1934 Blanchard's Order changed its name to the Martinist Order and Synarchy, and Blanchard was elected MO&S Universal Sovereign Grand Master.

At the age of 75, Blanchard passed away on march 14, 1953, in Paris. The senior Grand-Master in the OMS was recognized as Sovereign Grand-Master upon the death of Blanchard. This was Sar Alkmaion (Dr. Edouard Bertholet), of Switzerland. It was from Sar Alkmaion, Sovereign Grand-Master of the Order that the Grand-Master of the Britannic Grand-Lodge received his Charter as Sovereign Delegate General for Great Britain and the British Commonwealth. The Britannic Grand Lodge was ruled by an inner committee known as the Sovereign Tribunal of which these were the permanent members: Chairman: Grand-Master Sar Sorath (also presently known as Sar Gulion, still living)
Grand Inspector: Sar Ra Bennu (Lawrence Ewels, died in 1995)
Archivist: Sar Sendivogius

So, in 1958, Grand Master Sar Gulion received a charter from Swiss Grand Master, Dr. Bertholet (the successor of Blanchard), to found and direct lodges in England of the Martinist Order and Synarchy. In the same year, Sar Sendivogius became Provincial Delegate for Canada. In 1960, the Martinist Order and Synarchy in Great Britain joined the Union of Martinist Orders headquatered in Paris, France.

At present, the main jurisdiction of this order lies in England under the leadership of Sar Gulion. In USA there is a branch of the order regularly functioning under a charter from the mother-jurisdiction in England. In Canada the autonomous branch of this order still operates independently under its own jurisdiction. This branch is considered clandestine by the OMS in England, eventhough they are properly in possession of Initiatic authority. OM&S also have branches other places, as in Barbados, Australia, Nigeria & France.

After the death of Fusiller, the successor of Blanchard, the Martinist Order of the Elect Cohens merged with the OMS, keeping the name of the latter.

The lineage of present OMS:

1. Papus & Chaboseau (double lineage)
2. Charles DetrÈ (Teder)
3. Georges BogÈ de LagrËze (Mikael)
4. Auguste Reichel (Amertis)
5. V. Churchill (Sar Vernita)
6. Sar Gulion/Sorath (Grand Master of GB)

GM successors:

0. Charles DetrÈ (Teder)
1. Victor Blanchard
2. Bertholet (Sar Alkmaion)
3. Sar Gulion

The independent OM&S of Canada, have these lineages;

1. Papus & Chaboseau (double lineage)
2. Charles DetrÈ (Teder)
3. Georges BogÈ de LagrËze (Mikael)
4. Auguste Reichel (Amertis)
5. V. Churchill (Sar Vernita)
6. Sar Sendivogius

1. Papus & Chaboseau (double lineage)
2. Charles DetrÈ (Teder)
3. Georges BogÈ de LagrËze (Mikael)
4. Auguste Reichel (Amertis)
5. V. Churchill (Sar Vernita)
6. Sar Gulion/Sorath (Grand Master of GB)

7. William Pendleton
8. Sar Parsifal/Petrus (dead Nov, 1994)

The OM&S tribunal in Canada, 1965, composed of:

1. Sar Resurrectus, Chairman (initiated by Pendleton)
2. Sar Sendivogious, Deputy Chairman/Inspector
3. Sar Petrus as Secretary/Archivist Relations between the Canada tribunal and the Britannic Grand Lodge somehow soured. The Canadian Jurisdiction declared itself independent. Sar Resurrectus became Grand Master, Sar Sendivogius withdrew from OMS activity to concentrate on Elus Cohen work, and Sar Petrus became Deputy Grand Master. The third position possible filled by one Bro:: R. S.

To this day, the Ordre Martiniste of France and the Martinist Order and Synarchy world wide remain on good terms. However, The Traditional Martinist Order is excluded from fraternal relationship by the Martinist Order of France and the Martinist Order and Synarchy.

The Traditional Martinist Order (L'Ordre Martiniste Traditionnel)

Chaboseau's candidate for Universal Sovereign Grand Master (at the martinist convention) V.E. Michelet, could not accept the election of Blanchard as GM of the OMS, so in 1931 the Traditional Martinist Order came into being, with Michelet as Grand Master and with Chaboseau as deputy Grand Master. They established it in parallel with the L'Ordre Martiniste-MartinÈziste of Lyons to succeed to Papus. We have allready emphazized that Augustin Chaboseau was a member of the original Supreme Council of 1888, and he was in reality the occult director of the first Martinist Order. Objecting to the religious orientation of Charles DetrÈ, and the Universal Gnostic Church, he continued to transmit the Western tradition through this organization. Directly or inderectly, he initiated Martinists who would continue the fight for religious freedom: Jules Boucher, Gustave Lambert Brahy, Maurice Warnon.

After Michelet`s death in 1939, Chaboseau became GM. TMO had growed to become a fertile organization, and TMO legate Georges Boge de LaGreze appointed Ralph Lewis (Imperator of AMORC) as Regional Grand Master for the TMO in USA. Chaboseau and Lagreze were in close contact with both Ralph & Harvey Spencer Lewis, and they also co-operated through the F.U.D.O.S.I., as well as through TMO. Emille Dantinne, the Imperator of the Rosicrucian Order in Europe, as well as co-Imperator of F.U.D.O.S.I. was originally a member of the Ordre Martiniste et Synarchique, and his initiator was Georges Lagreze in 1934. Dantinne broke away from Blanchard in 1939 and possibly joined the TMO, of which Augustin Chaboseau was the Grand Master at that time.

However, Chaboseau died 2 January 1946, soon to be followed by Lagreze, resulting in the nomination of Chaboseaus son, Jean, to succeed his father as the head of TMO. The Supreme Council of the order did not vote for this, and Jean then tried to dissolve TMO (without having the powers to do so). This was refused, as the Supreme Council rightfully could, and a ´regency councilª of F.U.D.O.S.I. members attempted to maintain the order, as the Grand Mastership was held in abeyance by the interim comittee. Eventually, many european members left the order and joined either the Ordre Martiniste or the OMS, or they simply remained independent as ´free martinistsª. The remains of the Supreme Council then acknowledged the American leader, Ralph Lewis, to become the new Sovereign Grand Master of TMO, when the F.U.D.O.S.I. was dissolved in 1951.

Since then TMO have remained the largest martinist order in the world, reigned through A.M.O.R.C. and in close bonds to it, virtually ceacing to exist as an independent order. TMO is the only Martinist Order refusing to admit Martinists from other Martinist brotherhoods as visitors or reckonize their initiations if they are to join the TMO. Also, in some AMORC jurisdictions, TMO only admits high-degree rosicrucians, hence operating similar to the masonic requirements of Blitz and Detre.

However, the TMO under AMORC have met several accusations trying to discredit their authentification. Nearly all of these accusations have been proved wrong. TMO does operate Septa & Heptads (temples), they DO initiate members physically (and not per mail), they DO possess the so-called fourth degree of Unknown Philosophers, but the degree of Free Initiator is not given to many members (Lewis has withheld this Degree from almost all its initiating officers). In fact, there are possibly errors in both the lineages of the current leader of the TMO, Christian Bernard.

Ralph Lewis (as well as H.S. Lewis) were originally initiated by Blanchard, and H.S. Lewis at first registrated the american branch of the martinist order as a part of the OMS, and not the TMO. Later, when Chaboseau established the TMO, Ralph Lewis converted to this order, taking with him the previous initations and lineage. Probably, Lagreze (who switched his obedience from MOL headed by Constant Chevillon to the TMO headed by Chaboseau) re-initiated him on behalf of Chabosaeu & TMO or simply recognized his OMS lineage.

The succession of TMO Grand Masters then looks like this:

1. V.E. Michelet
2. Augustin Chaboseau (Sar Augustus)
3. Ralph Maxwell Lewis (Sar Validivar)
4. Gary L. Stewart
5. Christian Bernard (Phenix)

H.S. Lewis (Sar Alden) and Jean Chaboseau were NEVER Grand Masters of TMO/OMT.

TMO initiatique filiation:

1. Papus & Chaboseau (double lineage)
2. Charles Detre (Teder)
3. Victor Blanchard
4. H.S.Lewis

1. Papus & Chaboseau (double lineage)
2. Charles Detre (Teder)
3. Victor Blanchard
4. Ralph Lewis

1. Papus & Chaboseau (double lineage)
2. Charles Detre (Teder)
3. Georges BogÈ de LagrËze (Mikael)
4. Ralph Lewis

The Current SGM of TMO have these two lineages:

1. Ralph Lewis
2. Orval Graves
3. Christian Bernard

1. Ralph Lewis
2. Cecil A. Poole
3. Gary L. Stewart
4. Christian Bernard.

The head of the French OMT, Raymond Bernard, got his lineage from Ralph Lewis, but he did not get the degree of Free Initiator, and hence the line ends there.