Roman Laws

lex agraria - land reform, made law by Tiberius Gracchus in 133 B.C., fellow-tribune M. Octavius

opposed but was kicked out of office, Tiberius avoided the Senate and went to the House

lex curiata de imperio - law that Comitia Curiata used to ratify the choice of a new king, also

confirmed Octavian's adoption as Caesar's son in 43 B.C.

lex de maiestate - treason law passed by Sulla to regulate the activities of promagistrates in their

provinces, esp, unapproved war and sudden journeys

lex de permutatione provinciae - Mark Antony set this law which gave him a five year's command

in Cisalpine and Transalpine Gaul in lieu of Macedon and gave authorization to transfer

Caesar's legions from Macedon to new provinces, June 44 B.C.

lex provinciae - collective code of regulations for each province set around 146 B.C.

lex sacrata - law after first secession of the plebeians in 494 B.C. that either affirmed the

sacrosanctity of the tribunes or established the plebeians as a sworn confederacy against

patricians

lex Acilia - 123 B. C., by tribune Glabrio M' Acilius, provides for equites as jurors in courts overseeing senatorial class

corruption abroad, extremely unpopular since the inferior class judges the senatorial, believed to be part

of Gauis Gracchus' measure, suggests that Gaius carried his chief judicial act in another tribune's name

lex Aebutia - about 150 B.C., authorized praetor's discretion to be introduced into the court of the

praetor urbanus, preator able to remodel private law of Rome

lex Aelia - about 150 B.C., along with lex Fufia confirmed right of any curule magistrate or tribune

to disband all assemblies of the people on simple declaratin that he had witnessed an

unfavorable omen, repealed by Bibulus in 59 B.C.

lex Aelia Sentia - A.D. 4, consular law applied by Augustus against the emancipation of slaves among their masters,

freed slaves who had certain offenses could quickly have their liberty taken away

lex Aterneia Tarpeia - 454 B.C., allowed fines to be paid in bronze instead of cattle

lex Aurelia - 70 B.C., arranged a more equitable distribution of jury-service among senators, equites, and tribunes, did little overall for justice

lex Caecilia Didia- 98 B.C., forbade the "tacking" of desperate measures in one omnibus bill and enacted that a regular interval of 3 market-days must elapse between the promulgation of a measure and its voting in the assembly

lex Calpurnia - 149 B.C., by tribune L. Calpurnius Piso, trial by jury of senators, the decision was above appeal

and tribune's veto

lex Canuleia - 445 B.C., by C. Canuleius, reversed Twelve Table's decision of no intermarriage between patricians

and plebeians

lex Claudia - 218 B.C., by tribune Q. Claudius, supported by senator C. Flaminius, prohibited senators from possessing

ships of sea-going capacity, to have unbiased commerce laws, disregarded by first century B.C.

lex Cornelia annalis - 81 B.C., seems to be a sanction law for Sulla's past acts, part of his program to strengthen the Senate

lex Fufia - about 150 B.C., substitute with the lex Aelia in place of the obsolete patrum auctoritas

lex Fufia Caninia - 2 B.C., consular law imposed by Augustus, limited the number of slaves which an owner could manumit

in his will

lex Gabinia - 67 B.C., by tribune A. Gabinius, gave Pompey overriding command in the Mediterranean Sea, corn-supply

raids by pirates prompted this

lex Gellia Cornelia - 72 B.C., consuls of this year authorized Pompey to confer Roman citizenship

to the deserving, Pompey's clientela and Spaniards benefitted

lex Genucia - 342 B.C., by plebeian consul L. Genucius , prohibited loans which carry interest, declared that same office

should not be held twice within ten years nor two offices at once, also that both consuls might be plebeians,

all except last provision fell into disuse

lex Hadriana - Hadrian's law that enabled permanent tenants to develop waste land, it was an

extension of the lex Marciana

lex Hortensia - 287 B.C., by plebeian dictator Q. Hortensius, said that resolutions of the Concilium Plebis (plebiscita) should have the force of law and bind the whole community, important measure for the voice of the plebs, q.v. lex Publilia

lex Icilia - 456 B.C., law supposedly carried by tribune L. Icilius, provided public land on the

Aventine for plebiean dwellings

lex Iulia - 90 B.C., brought by consul L. Caesar, offered citizenship to all Italians who had not

began to fight in the Italian War

lex Iulia de adulteriis coercendis - 18 B.C., part of Augustus' marriage-code, made conjugal

unfaithfulness a public as well as a private offense, banishment possible

lex Iulia de maritandis ordinibus - 18 B.C., part of Augustus' marriage-code, marrying-age

celibates and young widows that won't marry were debarred from receiving inheritances and

from attending public games, similar penalties on the married but childless, senators couldn't

marry freedwomen, so unpopular that in A.D. 9 consuls M. Papius and Q. Poppaeus tried to

modify and complete it (q.v. lex Papia Poppaea), Domitian tried to enforce this law later

lex Iulia Municipalis - 45 B.C., preserved in inscription from Heraclea in southern Italy, drafted by

Caesar, published by Antony, regulations for the Italian municipalities

lex Iunia -126 B.C., by tribune M. Iunius Pennus, expelled those who were not citizens from Rome, preventing

a possible citizenship bill to Italians by Fulvius Flaccus

lex Iunia Norbana - 17 B.C. or A.D. 19, Augustus put check upon emancipation of slaves without fulfillment of proper

formalities, freedment without such called Latini Iuniani

lex Licinia Pompeia - 55 B.C., Pompey and Crassus set forth to prolong Caesar's proconsulship in

both the Gauls for another "quinquennium," terminal date late in 50 or early in 49 B.C.

lex Licinia Sextia - 367 B.C., by the tribunes C. Licinius Stolo and L. Sextius, set an upper limit of 500 iugera (300 acres)

as the amount of public land which one person might occupy

lex Maenia - after 293 B.C. plebeian achievement, it carried the principle of lex Pubilia to elections

lex Maenai Sestia - 452 B.C., scale for fines, 1 ox = 12 sheep = 100 lb. of bronze

lex Manilia - 66 B.C., by C. Manilius, gave Pompey general commission in Near East to

fight Mithridates VI and Tigranes, Sulla-Luculus-Acilius Glabrio-Pompey is order of command

against Mithridates VI

lex Marciana - around Flavian dynasty, dealth with imperial and private cases in North Africa,

regulated relations between cultivators and the proprietors, q.v. lex Hadriana

lex Oppia - 215 B.C., first of a series of sumptuary laws on women, strict but repealed after the Second Punic War ended

lex Ovinia - at least 312 B.C., law that gave censors instead of consuls the right to revise the list of

the senate

lex Papia Poppaea - A.D. 9, by consuls M. Papius and Q. Poppaeus, revisions of the lex Iulia de Maritandis Ordinibus

lex Papiria Julia - 430 B.C., made payment of fines in bronze mandatory

lex Plautia - 89 B.C., by tribune M. Plautius Silvanus, probably proscribed armed violence, lex Plautia iudiciaria chose jurors

from other classes, not just the Equites, brief impact though

lex Plautia Papiria - 89 B.C., by tribunes M. Plautius and C. Papirius, full citizenship to every unenfranchised freeman

in Italian cities

lex Plautia de reditu Lepidanorum - 70 B.C., granted a pardon to Lepidus' former associates

lex Poetelia - 326 or 313 B.C., required a judgement by a court of law to authoze enslavement

before execution was carried out, eliminated practive of selp-help, much alleviated debt bondage

lex Pompeia - 89 B.C., by consul Cn. Pompeius Strabo (father of Pompey), made Cisalpine Gaul a Latin status and

therefore a province

lex Porcia - (1) 199 B.C., proposed by tribune P. Porcius Laeca to give right of appeal in capital

cases; (2) 195 B.C., M. Porcius Cato prohibited scourging of citizens without appeal;

(3) 184 B.C., consul L. Porcius Licinus safeguarded them from summary execution on

military service, all dealing with right of appeal (provocatio)

lex Publilia - 339 B.C., by plebeian dictator Publilius Philo, recognized Concilium Plebis Tributum, seems early duplicate

of lex Hortensia and thus questionable

lex Roscia - December 49 B.C., Caesar proposed, full franchise on the people of Transpadane

Gaul, q.v. lex Rubria

lex Rubria - 122 B.C., by tribune Gaius Gracchus but annulled by successor M. Mincuius Rufus, was going to constitute

Iunonia a colony

lex Rubria - 49-42 B.C., some supplement to Caesar's lex Roscia

lex Sempronia - 121 B.C., land-acts by tribunes C. Sempronius Gracchus and Ti. Sempronius

Gracchus

lex Servilia Caepio - 106 B.C., by consul Q. Servilius Caepio, some control of the court de rebus repentundis

was handed back to senators

lex Servilia Glaucia - 100 B.C.?, by tribune Saturninus, provided allotments of veterans on land in southern France

lex Terentia Cassia - 73 B.C., by consuls M. Terentius Varro and C. Cassius Longinus,

safeguard corn-supply of Rome and distribute grain at reduced rates

lex Titia - November 27, 43 B.C., by tribune P. Titius, appointed Antony, Lepidus, and Octavian triumviri rei publicae

constituendae consulari potestate for five years, basically legalized the Second Triumvirate

lex Valeria - maybe in 509 and 449 B.C., in 300 B.C. it granted every Roman citizen legal right to appeal against

a capital sentence, defined and confirmed the right of appeal (provocatio)

lex Valeria Cornelia - A.D. 5, the two consuls amended the procudure for election of praetors and

consuls in Comitia Centuriata, additional group of ten centuries (centuriae C. et L. Caesaris),

named to honor them after death, made preliminary choice of candidates

lex Vatinia - March 1, 59 B.C., by tribune P. Vatinius, gave Julius Caesar governorship of Cisalpine Gaul and of Illyricum

for five years

lex Villia Annalis - 180 B.C., first law to set minimum ages for curule magistrates, required ten year interval between two

successive tenures of consulship, aediles 36, praetors 39, consuls 42, period of two years between each magistracy,

rejected by C. Servilius in 202 B.C. and Marius in 107 B.C.

lex Voconia - 169 B.C., by tribune Voconius, limited the amount of real estate that might be devised to female heirs,

evaded due to transfers of land to trustees

These laws listed in the index of...
A History of Rome: Down to the Reign of Constantine
editors Cary and Schullard
Third Edition

Maintained by Jonathan