Toledo (April 12-June
3) t
- FLUs
(federal labor
unions=general industrial unions)
- A.J.
Muste's
Conference for Progressive Labor Action (American Workers Party)
organized unemployed support
- Court
injunction
limiting pickets of strikers, so unemployed mobilized to picket in
defiance of the order
- Unemployed
packed
the trial, mass picketing continued, underpaid, disaffected policy
often in sympathy
- May
23 "Battle of
Toledo" arrests before crowd of nearly 10,000 and beating of elderly
man, riot ensued.
- National
Guard,
more violence, Guard numbers reach 1350, largest peacetime mobilization
in Ohio history
- Charles
Phelps Taft
II set as special mediator, President William Green of AFL, Arthur
Garfield Hays ACLU.
- 85
of the city's 103
unions voted for a general strike, Toledo Central Labor Council asks
FDR to intervene
- June
1 torchlight parade
of 20,000
- Settlement:
union recognition, pay increases, FLU became UAW
local in 1935
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San
Francisco (May 9-Aug. 21) ps
fsr
- Company
unions vs IWW and "third period" Maritime Workers
- Wanted
union recognition, union hiring hall, work load, safety issues
- Slowdowns
and job actions leading to strike
- Longshore
spreads to sailors, clashes with strikebreakers
- Teamsters
refused "hot cargo" handled by strikebreakers
- "Bloody
Thursday" July 5.. Police killed strikers, National Guard mobilized,
employer vigilantism.
- General
Strike and broader labor council took charge
- October
12. arbitration award, union recognition
- Became
International Longshore and Warehouse Union in 1937
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Minneapolis (May 16-25, July 17-Aug. 21) tm
- International
Brotherhood of Teamsters, conservative craft union
- Militants in the IBT
Local 544 organize coal drivers in winter 1933-34, organized more from
this success
- Large hall, kitchen,
infirmary, women's auxiliary, etc. prepared
- Prior arrangement
with farmers' associations
- May 19 police attack
led to intensified fighting
- Vigilantism by
"Citizens Alliance" and Silver Shirts
- Battle erupts May
21-22, police and deputies driven from city center.
- City
appealed to Gov. Floyd B. Olson (Minnesota Farmer-Labor Party) but he
refused to deploy the National Guard, forcing arbitration May 25
- Employers reneged on
agreement, strike resumed
- Strikers opt against
arming this time, police have riot guns
- July 20. Police open
fire on strikers, killing or injuring over fifty
- Martial law followed,
but Federal arbitration forced settlement
- Local
544 decapitated 1941 by Federal prosecution of socialist leaders
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