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While doing all the research on the subject of disabilities and sports, I have encountered some terms that I wanted to know more about. I thought I would share this information, and added some links to a variety of places to obtain information on medical conditions. Where a link is provided, there is additional and more complete information. The following information is taken from a variety of sources, including information or explanations provided by individuals I have talked to directly. I hope you find them useful. If you find something that you believe should be added, or appears to be mis-stated, please feel free to e-mail me. I am not a medical person, so please be advised this information is only intended as an aid to those who while visiting my web pages, may read terms they are unfamilar with.
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| Word | Definition, Explanations, or Resources |
| AMPUTEES | This classification system includes only athletes with acquired or congenital amputations. AK * Above or through the knee joint. BK * Below the knee, but through or above the talo-crural joint. AE * Above or through the elbow joint. BE * Below the elbow, but through or above the wrist joint. For a complete list and how disabilities are classified Paralympics listed under sports. |
| Arthrogryposis | Arthrogryposis Multiplex Congenita, (AMC) is a condition affecting about 1 in every 3000 births. AMC is a broad term used to describe multiple joint contractures present at birth. Arthrogryposis is not a single diagnosis and can encompass a wide variety of other distinct medical syndromes, all of which cause multiple joint contractures. The most common form of AMC is amyoplasia. The "typical" case has four limb involvement affecting the shoulders, elbows, wrists, hands, hips, knees, ankles and feet |
| Ataxia | disorganization of muscular coordination so the movement can be controlled only partially. |
| Athetosis | An impairment of the muscle tone (usually in large muscle groups), causing slow involuntary contractions of the head, limbs, trunk, or neck. Considerations: The slow sinuous twisting movements of muscles (athetosis) may be caused by a number of conditions, including cerebral palsy. The abnormal movement may be reduced or disappear during sleep but is worsened by exercise (such as walking) and emotional stress. Abnormal and sometimes grotesque postures may result from this condition. |
| Cerebral Palsy | The Cerebral Palsy - International Sports Rehabilitation Association (CP-ISRA) uses an eight-class system to classify athletes with neurological conditions such as cerebral palsy, stroke, or head injury. CP1 | CP2 | CP3 | CP4 | CP5 | CP6 | CP7 | CP8 |
| Hemiplegia | Hemiplegia is caused by a brain injury in an area that controls one side of the body. One of the common causes of childhood hemiparesis is infant or pediatric stroke. Other causes of hemiplegia may be prematurity, bleeds in the brain, brain tumors or infections. Hemi-Kids |
| Les Autres | The International Sports Organization for the Disabled (ISOD) uses a six-class system to classify persons with motor disabilities except persons with amputations, medullar/spinal cord lesions, and cerebral palsy. |
| Medical Sports Disabilities | Classification of disabilities |
| Quadriplegia | Cervical (neck) injuries usually result in quadriplegia. Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) is damage to the spinal cord that results in a loss of function such as mobility or feeling. Frequent causes of damage are trauma (car accident, gunshot, falls, etc.) or disease (polio, spina bifida, Friedreich's Ataxia, etc.). The spinal cord does not have to be severed in order for a loss of functioning to occur. In fact, in most people with SCI, the spinal cord is intact, but the damage to it results in loss of functioning. SCI is very different from back injuries such as ruptured disks, spinal stenosis or pinched nerves. Spinal Injuries |
| Spinal Muscular Atrophy | It mainly affects the proximal muscles, or in other words the muscles closest to the point of origin, in this case those closest to the trunk of one's body. Weakness in the legs is generally greater than weakness in the arms. Some abnormal movements of the tongue, called tongue fasciculations may be present in patients with Type I and some patients with Type II. The senses/feelings are normal as is intellectual activity. In fact it is often observed that patients with SMA are unusually bright and sociable. Muscular Atrophy |
| Non-Profit Organization | Adaptive Sports & Recreation |
| The Art of Mobility | Disability Organizations Network |
| Disabled Hotline | Disabled Hotline |
| Disabilities Suite 101 | Create your own web page |
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