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Scott, James (1990), The Public Transcript as a Respectable Performance in Domination and the Arts of Resistance: Hidden Transcript. Yale University Press 1990.
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Review(4/27/1999)
Scott, James (1990), The Public Transcript as a Respectable Performance in Domination and the Arts of Resistance: Hidden Transcript. Yale University Press 1990.
In this article Scott discusses the use of domination by demonstrations and enactments of power, which is the political work represented through the public transcript to manifest and reinforce a hierarchical order. There are several mechanisms of dominance discussed in this article. The silent monitor supervising the subordinates is both a discursive affirmation of power relations and the process of material production as well. The dominant groups have to learn acting with authority and self-assurance, and the performance of mastery is staged for the impression on the subordinates.
Scott uses Bourdieus term euphemization to describe the process of the public transcript in operation. First the public transcript serves to magnify the awe that helps the dominant elite to edit public sight; second, it beautifies power relationship in a harmless or sanitized disguise. Moreover, euphemisms may be seen in gestures, architecture, ritual actions, public ceremonies, any other actions in which the powerful may portray themselves and project this idealized presentation to the subordinates. Then the powerful elite continually stigmatizes those rebels or revolutionaries by labeling them as bandits, criminals, and hooligans to divert attention from their political claims. The fourth of the public transcript is to create the appearance of unanimity among the ruling groups and the appearance of consent of the subordinates. The dominates power can be weakened if they are at odds and the open insubordination also represents a contradiction against the euphemized power. The formal ceremonies and authorized gatherings organized and controlled by the dominant makes a spectacle to celebrate their rule. But any unauthorized gathering has been seen as threatened because it is a symbol of insubordination. The ways of minimizing unauthorized gathering of subordinates are to forbid them, or use the logic of atomization and surveillance to decrease the potential dangers. However, some specific social sites like the working class caf? or slaves hush arbor became the place as hidden transcript for the subordinates to speak out their mind without fear. Their collective assembly conveys a visual impact of collective power, and lowers the risk of being identified personally because of open expression of a shared hidden transcript. Scott concludes that the public transcript with self-hypnosis of ruling group to strengthen their courage, improve their cohesion, display their power and convince themselves of high moral purpose.
This is really an interesting article to provide a panoptic vision of the plays of power operation. I just wonder if there any difference in domination between different culture or civilization. This article stimulate me to think about the most important part of Chinese culture and education is to teach us to be a moral people and then to manage (or dominate) the whole world, no matter Confusion (main stream) or Daoism (minor stream). To learn to be a moral people is the basic lesson to pacify the whole world in Confusions education. To follow the logic of nature (Dao) and do nothing is the best way for a dominator. I think the combined use of Confusion and Daoism help the Chinese Empire to continue for a long period.
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