Է§
ͧ "¸ѵ٢ͧԡѹ" õ 駹
ҡ鹩Ѻͧ American
Civilization and Its Enemies
ѵǡѺ¹
Baabar Batbayar
Ѱաзǧäѧ ˹㹹ѡͧժ§ͧͧ
ѡѹ㹹 Baabar Ҫԡ͵駾äѧЪҸԻͧ.
պҷӤѭ㹢ǹǻЪҸԻ㹪ǧ鹷ɷ 1990s ¹ҷҧ
Bio-Physics 㹻зͧŹ ӧҹ㹰ҹйѡԨ·ҧԷʵҡ
1981-1991 ѧ繹ѡ˹ѧ;йѺҡ 1994 зѺ͡Ѱ㹻
1996 㹡͡駷
ѵԼŧҹ Baabar Batbayar 繷ѡ㹰ҹйѡ¹˹ѧͧ Samizdat ŧ㹪ǧɷ 1980s. 繤á㹡ԾҡǡѺѧҡ㹡ͺԴͧѡѧ 㹪ǧҧɷ 1980s 駤Ӷѷѧ㹵ѹͧ. ѧҧҹ¹ͧҵ㹪ǧɷ 1990s ǹ˭繡ʴԴ繢ͧͧǡѺѧͧ¹
ʹյиҹҸԺ Richard Nixon ˹ ºѹ֡ 餹ҡءš͡ҨҡҹԴͧѧԡ, з仨ҡȹ.
ء͡ ôҪûªͺѧࡵ ԡѹҧҡǡҧ. ԡѹ, չ·ͺҧҴ麹, ͺ´ͧ ա蹹㹡þٴ¡çҹáԨ, ա¡ӴѺ٧, , ǡ繤ͺҹѧ˭ö¹ѹ˭, ٴҧ, ҧ§ҡ, դǡѺ 绯Ժѵվ ´ҧ֧ºҧͧǵҧ, Ѱ ͵ͧǢͧµçѺ餹ҹ ѡСǢ˹觢ͧʹءʹҹ, ԡѹդҤ þͤû (ѴҨҡҺ)
AMERICAN
CIVILAZATION AND ITS ENEMIES
¸кôѵ٢ͧԡѹ
By Baabar Batbayar
õ 駹 :
(Somkiat Tangnamo / Faculty of Finearts - Chiangmai University)
˹.
㹺ôǤԴзɮշӤѭ㹤ʵȵɷ 20 ѡ(Uncertainty
Principle)ͧ Heisenberg еҨз觶֧ɮѷҾ СԴǡѺçҧ
DNA, ͻԹǻҡ "ѡ"(Uncertainty Principle) ͧ
Heisenberg ҨѺѺ㹰ҹз繤ԴԷʵ˭شͧʵȵɷ
20. ôҹѡԷʵӹǹҡդɮѷҾͧ Einstein(Theory of
Relativity) ѡͧ Heisenberg (Uncertainty Principle)繤˹Ҥ˭㹷ҧѪ
ҡҷ繤ԴҧԷʵ㹷ҧԡ
ҡä鹾ѧ ҨԺͧͧ"ҤѹҹҴ¡ѹмѡѹǡѹ" 繷Ѻ ¡ѹ ѹչӤѭҧ觵ªҵШѡǹ˭. Carl Poper, ѡԡɮйѡѪҷ˭¹, "դ"繷Ѻѹ "ѹ駵ҧ觡¹ ١ӡѴԸա֡Ҿǡѹͧ".
ԧѪǡѺѡͧ Heisenberg ѹժͧҧ㴷 ѹèԴѹ觹. ա˹觡 ѹ·ǧ觨Դѹ觹˹觹ԡ Թҷ˹Թҷ㴡˹ҹ. ѹҡѺ Heisenberg ¤ӷӹ··ѡͧôҹѡʵйѡҡó˵ءóǧ˹ŧҧԧ㹷ѹеʹ
ªҵԡѧʴäӹѺͪǧ¢ͧɷͧ СѧõѺѺȵɷ 21 ѹ ҧá ͡ùѺѹշҧҹѺҡ«٤ʵçٵԢҺš Ժ繨ش鹢ͧùѺѡҪ. ҧá ҡٴѹҧ觤ѴѴ Ѩغѹ繷Һѹ շͧ«٤ʵٵԹ鹼ԴҴҴ. ˵عջѨغѹ繻 ..2004 , ҡһմѧǷ繻ѡҪѺФԴӹdzҧ١ͧ
ءѹ ջԷԹѺûдɰҴŢٹ, ¸ҧ, š͵Ǣ, СúóҡâͧЪҡ ѡҢʹФӷӹ¨ӹǹѺǹǡѺҵԷԷʵԷʵͧ觷Դ㹻Ҥҧ˹ Ҷ֧˵ءóͧµŢɵҧ. ҡҨṡͧǡѺ"ԧԷʵ"(scientific), ¤ӷӹµҧͧǡ ʵҨ Alvin Toffler ҡ the Cornell University, Samuel Huntington ҡ Harvard, Francis Fukuyama ҡ the George Mason University, ʵҨժ§ Zbignew Brzezinski ѹСԴ蹢ͧ֡д֧ٴʹ㨢ͧ餹·
ͧ. ¸ѹ ͺ˹觾ѹշҹ ͪǧѹչѧ óջе, 餹ӹǹ 300 ҹçԵ躹š §ѡǪ кҷǧԺ˹ҹ㨡ҧͧջûͧǡѺ¹ŧҧѵʵҡҴšͧ. ôҪûդԴǡѺûٵԢͧͧФʵ ջԷԹ 繤سзҧ. šѺ Ѻѧͧշ 378 㹻ջԷԹͧǡ, šҶ֧ششʹͧԭͧ٧شͧǡ
ͺôһҷ¡ѧ躹µҧͧ, ٧зѺ§, Թѧ§ҹҹ˹ҹ; Ҥ觤ⴺ(the city of Cordoba) 繺ҹѧ˭˹觢ͧ餹ӹǹҤҹ ͧشҸóǶ֧ 70 . ѺѺ, û§ѵشԺ˹ҹ鹢ͧùçҹا, ЪѺѺǡѺû㹰ҹз繴Թᴹѹ״ԴҺҢͧԪԵСءҹʹ
ǧҴѧ㹻Ȩչ ҵԷ觤觷شվҹҾ٧شš 餹ҧѧȡѹ աüԵԴèشԹСдɢ ոѵع¹ѹ餹º. 㹻Թ Թµҧѧҧ蹺٪Ңͧ Brahashvari ٧֧ 70 . Ҫǧѹ ˹ҧѴҴѡ鹷ŧ, Toltec ͺͧԹᴹҧͧ硫 ԹҤͺͧԷԾҧ, Шѡôͧ Aztec ѧҢͧͧ
ͻҳ 100 ǧ ش鹢ͧʵȵɷ 20 ӹǹЪҡâͧšҨ֧ 1.65 ѹҹ. ¸"ѹ""û"觻ҡǢҹ㹪ǧҧؤʫͧҧҹ ض֧ѧӹҨ索Ҵš. ¸ѺùʹѺЪҡö֧˹ͧš ǹǡ ¸١Ѻ㹰ҹзѲӪ 觶١Ѵ´ǡҴ¡ѧѧѺ
ѺöѺ¸ҧǴ ҡǢ鹺ѧ¹š觵ѲҶ֧ǹǢͧҵԵѹҧ¤öͧѹèҡѺǡӹҨ. չ, 觵͵ҹ¸ ͧͧ͢ѹСúءءҧͧҡǡ鹷. š١Ǻ͡ҺúѧѺͧҵԵѹ ҧ ҪҳҨѡѧ, , , õ, Ѱԡ, Ź
Ѳҡ÷ҧҹͧ ôҪҵԵѹ¡дѺЪҪҵԵ˹ѹçԷԾ㹴ҹѲ, Էʵ, , ѧ зҧͧ. ѹҨҡ˹ѹѺ¸çҹҾѲѹ觼ҹ ? ӵͺ ¡êͧ͢Ѻ ôʹͧ¸աѹ˹ҹ Ѻÿ鹤վҵç˹Ңͧû йѺҡ ѵʵ֧ѡ"ʫͧ"( Renaissance - ÿ鹿)
þԪԵ Chinggis Khan (ਧʢҹ) зѺǧͺ» شԢͧ Pax Mongolica ҧ繾Ӥѭѹ˹觷ӾѲѹ͡ѹ. ҡդӤѭͧû 觤ͺͧҡǡѺѡʵ ˵ؼѡѹ˹ѺԹҧҧͧ Vasco Da Gama, Columbus Magellan.
зѧ鹷ҧԹ, Columbus ˹ѧͧ͢ Marco Polo Դ仴 (Marco Polo 繾ͤҪǹ 觤˹͡Թҧ㹻Ȩչ) 㹰ҹФšԹҧͧѹ. ҹǡѺѡ, Էʵ ١ѲҵҺ鹰ҹͧԴµҧҧԵԭҹͧͧ«٤ʵ, ҧŸШ¸Фسҵҧ. ҹǹ͡Դ㹴Թᴹѹ͡
Johan Gutenberg (ѹ)дɰԴͧ 500-600 ѧҡǨչ ŢͧҫѺõվ㹻 ..1448 ١㹰ҹзѡӤѭѹ˹ 觼ѡªҵԡشاشͧѹ(modern day)ҧͧʧ. Gutenberg öѹԴ ˹͡ҾѧӹҨͧǨչ 繤á繹¢ͧؤâ
㹷ӹͧǡѹ 信ö١Ժ蹡ѹ. Ǩչ ҧ·ش㹻 ..1128 ǡҡѧ˭ѹ û ¼ҹʧѺǹ ¹ѹͧѹçҹҾѹ˹觷ѹᵡҧ
ػ: Ѳѹͧ͢ûçҹҾ ͡Դ㹪ǧҧؤʫͧͼżԵѹͧªҵ 觤Ǣ(ҡѹѡ)繼ѡŧ㨢ͧû. ѡҨԹҡö֧¸»Ȩҡ ҧ·ش ѹ. Ӷ ԹҷʹѺʹع͵觹 ?
ǧ鹤ʵȵɷ 20 ûЪԡѹ١Ҵҧó¸ ԴԹѺҧͧѹҧǡͧ СӡѺǺ觹ѹçѺ¸ ѹԧǡѹҪФ; ¸ѹ˭ͧչ, Թ 觴çҧҡԴͧ¸зآ㹪ǧѧͧͺѹշͧ, ¡õ͵ҹͧǡ㹤֡ͧ餹Ѳѹ, չ Թ ١з㹽蹼բͧѵʵ
. ¹ͧʵȵɷ 20 ѵʵͧȵɷ 20 ѡɳоººѺؤͧѵʵ. شͧȵɷ ջЪҡš֧ 6 ѹҹ. ѹ繨ӹǹ餹˭ҡԹһЪҡ㹪ǧҧ 1 ʹշҹ· Ѻ¾ѹ homo sapiens 繷ѡ繤á
ɮդԭԺǡѺЪҡͧ Malthus ѡɳС˹ԧâҤԵ, ԧժԵ §¹֧·ᵡҧҹؤͧ¹ŧҧǴǢͧԷʵ. ɮբͧ Darwin 蹡ѹԺ¶֧ѲҡâͧԵ ¡äѴõҵ ѺҾҧҡؤͧѹʵ ѹ٨ͧ¹ѡͧ¹ŧҧ
ѹԧ Malthus ҧ Darwin , Darwin ӴѺ Դ Marx, Lenin Hitler ? Nazism Communism, ÷ͧѹҷͧѷԹ鹾Ѵ´ҵѺѧա֡ҧ, ѹҡǢкѧԭ⪤շŧȵɹ 觡ͺҧôçͧªҵŧҧԧ. 졫Ժ»ѪҢͧ ҧѹҨҡüҹѡԸբͧ Hegelian СäѴ¸ҵԢͧ Darwin Ҵ¡ѹ 㹰ҹзͧҧҹԷʵ. Դͧ, ѷ졫 繻ѪԷʵ
㹤Դ繢ͧ졫, ʵȵɷ 19 ѪѹʹͺôҹѡԴǩҴӹǹҡѺªҵ йöйººѺաҳ· ѹѺͧѹ˹觢ͧʺҷ 繡÷ª§ 觷ЫṺҡѺµҧͧ. ѧͧСѹҧ˹ѡѡɳ, þҡóҧҭԹ, ФԴͽѹ ѧҡѡ÷Ҵûйջй, ҵá٧شͧԧ, ǧ˹ѷ, ʧҧ֧ͧҤ, ٧شͧЪҡӹǹ觤š. Թҡô ҵԷժԵӹǹҡ§㴷ҧ㨡Ѻͧ.
仢ͧ餹ѺҹժԵ, ȡү ФԹѺ; ѵʵǡѺԴͧªҵҨҶ֧ششʹͧԭѺ繾ͧ зҧŧ оǡöҫؤͧԴҺš 繪鹻ͧ鹰ҹͧͪҵФ繪
͵졫СѷԤǹ 繢鹵شǡѺѲҡâͧªҵ, Heisenberg ѧ͡Դ Hitler ʶһҳҨѡ Reich ͧç˹觾ѹ "Mein Kampf" ͧ, Heisenberg й 25 Դѡ(Principle of Uncertainty)ͧҢ
. ҧá ʴҾҡóͧѹ, ôʵҨ·ժ§ Ѻҹͧǡ"Էʵ" ʹͤӷӹФԴѡɳТͧþҡóѹͶҧ觡ѹ͡. ¡ҧ ͧ "Future Shock", "Third Wave", "The Transition of Power" Alvin Toffler, "The Grand Chessboard" Zbignew Brzezinski, "The Last Man", "Trust", "End of History" Francis Fukuyama, "The Clash of Civilizations" Samuel Huntington . ҹ˹ѧ͵ҧǡѺþҡó֧šҤ
Francis Fukuyama ػ ҡشͧʧ, عժªеѷԤǹ. ˵شѧ ѲҡԧشԢͧªҵҶ֧ششŧ. ա˹觤 ˵ؼ ѹ١ؼ¼ҹûѵԢͧ鹡Ҫվ Hegel Marx Ժ, ҹªТͧع᷹. ѹշҧ͡ѺªҵЪҸԻкҴҹ!
ӴѺͧ, 㹤Ժ¤袹ҹǡѺкǹûѵʵ"ͧ, Fukuyama դǡѺµҧͧѲͧѧ, ¸, çҹ, ȹǡѺҵԹ, ʹ, ػ ٻóҹǹ繷ҷͷȹͧҡѺҤͧªҵ, Ƿҧҧ, лѨѡǡѺ˹
ǹ繢ͧ Zbignew Brzezinski, ѧʧ ؤ»ѵʵͧѹѺ˹ҧóͧѰԡ 鹢Ѻؤ·ա˹ зءѹ ѰԡӤѭ§ طʵӤѭԧʵ. Eurasia (üҹҧû)еͧ˹(㹡дҹҡء)顮ͧԡѹ.
ͧҡջ˹觻㴷öºշҧҹѧ, ɰԨ, Ѳ§ѺѰԡҹͧ. ҹ繵ǵѴԹҾͧӹҨ㹷ءѹ ѰԡҨöѡҤ繼§㹻Ѩغѹա»յͨҡ
ͧ "The Future Shock" Alvin Toffler Ѻõվ㹻 ..1970, Ѵҡ鹡աõվͧ "shocked" the free world; 㹷ɷ 1980s - the Eastern Europe, 㹪ǧҧ 1980s - the Chinese, 㹷ɷ 1990s - the Russian young intelligentsia. ѡ¹ҹդآҡǡѺ·ȹͧҫ繨ԧ 30 աȵ鹢. ʵҨҹ֡ԵԹҧ觷Ҥӷӹ¢ͧҡ繨ԧ ҾѧǡѺͺԡѹͧ·ӧҹ 觻Сͺ¾ ҹ˹觡Ѻͧ ١᷹Ҿͧʴ, ͺǷ١, 褹ӾѧѺ١վ, þТͧͧѧҡ觧ҹѹ¤
Toffler ӹҧ ʵȵɷ 21 ؤ˹觢ͧԡĵóҧŸ价š. ѹɰҹѡõҧҧѪʹҷҤͺ㹻ѨغѹѺҧ Ф˹ҷҧͧͧչ;ѹء ͧͧ¹ʹѺʹع㹡¹ŧ鹾鹰ҹ駷ҧҹԵԷʵͧ 觡ѧԴ
ǹӷӹ·ҡҡش觶١ʹ 繧ҹͧ Samuel Huntington. дѺͺࢵͧҴ蹢ͧѹ µҧͧҡѧض֧ʧҼ Ѻҵҧ м餹ӹǹҡѧǧ͡ѧ٭¤ѧ. Դ繢ͧ ¡شŧͧʧ ༪ԭ˹ԧشóͧªҵԡѧشŧ СûзСѹẺҧҭͧ¸ҧ鹢 ѹ繻ҡóѹ˹觷 㹴ҹ˹觹 ѹҡ աҹ˹觹 ѹͧҡ.
Huntington ŨشԺ¶֧ҾҧǡѺʧҤ ȹТͧ ѵʵ ÷ͧǡѺ༪ԭ˹ҷءҧҡҹͧ鹵ҧ ٻóҧشóѧŧ. ա§ѧ¹١㹻Ѩغѹ 繡þзСѹҧ¸ҹ.
¸ҧ ֧¸¢ͧȵɷ 20. ¡¸ҹ͡繵ѹ, ҵԹ, ԡѹ, Ϳԡ, , չ, Թ, , ǾطЭ. ͨҡ ҧҹŧ㹡༪ԭ˹ҡѹ ӡ¡ٻóСҡѹҡѹ Ѵҡ鹡ӡº(ʧ)ҧҧ. ҡҤӢѭ"ҹ¢ͧšѤաѹ!" ҧš 蹴ѧӢѭ"ԭҹ觤ǹͧû" ѧ Marx ȹ 150 "ŧóǹʷ"ͧ ͡õùͧ˹觡Ѻա˹ѧ ѹͷȷҧҡѹ˹蹡ѹ
ءѹ شͧʵȵɷ 20 Էʵ١¡Һҧҧó 觢Ţö١ͺšѵ; ɮբͧ Huntington ǡѺ¸˹觡ѧ༪ԭ˹ҡѺա¸˹ ѹ͡价ѹդ¡Ѻҧж١Ŷ·ʹ͡㹷ء лѨغѹѹѧǢʹҵç¹Է·þءҵ
ͧ"A New Deal for Asia" ¹¡Ѱ Mohamad Mahathir (Ҹ Ѵ)繵ҧ˹ǡѺ÷ӹµҧͧ Huntington Դ͡͡. ¢ͧ¹ػ繴ѧ: ͧͧûзСѹҧ¸ͧ Huntington 繺÷Ѵҹ Ѵҧ༪ԭ˹ҡѺǤ¹. ˵ؼ û繾ǡͺʧ¸ҵ Ѻǡ ʧ¶֧ʧº. Ҿо٨֧ͧŧдѺѹʵдѺչ·. Ҹ ԹԴѧǵ ¡
"༪ԭ˹ҧѹ͡Ъûѹشŧ. ¡ҹͧʧ ǵѹ繼Ѻª Фѹ͡Ѻ ѹѹҾѹ§աҹ. ôҪû١˹ªеҡʧ. ǡҨ»Ȩҡʧ. ǡҶ١١ѴѺʧоФѵ㹷ء˹ء. Ѩغѹ ǡѺ¤ѹآҧ ҹ ǡҨѴѺû"
ѹ§ѧǤ¤֧Ѻ" Imperialism is a Paper Tiger"(ѡþô͡д)ͧ Mao 觷ɮբͧ Marx ͡ҪѴªѴ? §ᵡҧ觼Դ仨ҡ Lenin, Stalin, Mao ¡ͧաõҧ鹡, Mahathir(Ҹ) Сȶ֧ûзСѹѹ˹觷ҧ¸. 稨ԧѧ ਵ ػҪǭ㹷ҧǡû 觾٨ѹشóѹ˹觷µҧҧѴਹ
ʧҤͧ ٴ֧չ С˹չպҷ˹觷ͺ繼мʹѺʹعѡ. ¡ѰѴҤʵȵɷ 21 ؤͧš ôҪû¨Ƿкض֧Դѹ¢ͧǡ. ѹѲѹ˹᷹, ЪҪҵԷҹѹʹءʹҹѺԵ㹤ФҤ. ШŧǡѺԡѹ˹Ф¹ҡûèж١ʹ㹡üҹѹѹ
¤֧Ѻɮբͧ Marx, ͧ˹觢ͧ蹪ͧСͺԪҪվѺ繾ѹ ¤ԴԧԾҡ, ءѹɮբͧ Huntington ͧ仴ԭҹǧ˹价šٴ֧ûзСѹͧ¸. Mahathir 褹Թѹ(potato eater). ö"٨ҧԷʵ" Ҥҧ Mahathir աҡѹ觹
. ¸ͧԡѹ ԡҤ͡÷ͧҧѧʺҡش 觴Թ¾м(Ҿͧçԧ)ѧ. Ӿٴ мҷçѡԡ§غѵԡóѹ˹ҹ. ÷ͧҧѧѹѺûԺѵµʹ 300 , żԵ觴͡ŷԧ㹪ǧѧͧȵɷ 20 ҹ
ѺҡӾٴѹк蹢ͧ Martin Luther King "Ҿդѹ"(I have a dream) ѹҧҧѧѹ˹觢ҷ¡ US ¡ҧҹͪҵ١Ѵ͡˹·硷شͧѰ м᷹ءͧѲ㴡դҤѹ˹ѰС. "ЪҪԡѹ - , ٴҧԴµç仵ç, عç㹤蹢ͧǡ, кҧ駡Ѵ㹤ԴԴ, ѡ㨡ҧչСҭ, ¤ŧ㹤صԸջЪҪҵ" Paul Johnson ѡѹ֡˵ءóѵʵ˭褹˹觢ͧؤ¹蹹 㹡ͧǡѺ˹ѧͧͧ͢ "A history of the American People".
ЪҪҵԹ ѹѺá Ѻá͵Ǣ㹰ҹЫ繼Ѿµçѹ˹觢ͧ¸ѹͧؤʫͧ, ѺҡͪҵԵҧ繤Ǵ, ͧ, ᴧ, е᷹ͧ¸ء¸ 觾ٴҡѹ. 餹ҡء÷зءҡǷءšѧԹᴹ觾ѹѭҹʹ 300-400 ҧͧЪҪԡѹ ¢ºлª件֧ҾҨӫӢ
ʹյиҹҸԺ Richard Nixon ˹ ºѹ֡ "餹ҡءš͡ҨҡҹԴͧѧԡ, з仨ҡȹ". ءǧ ôҪûªͺѧࡵ ԡѹҧҡǡҧ. ԡѹ, չ·ͺҧҴ麹, ͺ´ͧա蹹㹡þٴ·ҧáԨ, ա¡ӴѺ٧, , 繾ǡͺҹѧ˭ö¹ѹ˭, ٴҧ, ҧ§ҡ, դǡѺ 绯Ժѵվͷ㨶֧´ҧ㹡ºҧͧǵҧ, Ѱ ͵ͧǢͧµçѺ餹ҹ ѡСǢ˹觢ͧʹҴ¤ʹءʹҹ, ԡѹդҤ þͤû
ԡѹͿԡѹ㹷ءѹ ѹѺþɢͧǡҨҡջͿԡ. Ǩչ, ǭ, Ъ ͪҵҹ¹㹡øçѡѲТླբͧǡ ҹҧ¡ҵԾͧͧ鹷"ԡѹҤ"(Crazy Americans).
㹡óբͧѲ ¸Тླ Сá¹ ԡ١ҧҺҡҹͧ¸ѹ. ¸ѹѺҧҡҹ¸ա, ѹչ С͵ٻҧ 㹰ҹз繼ѾǡѺԷԾŵҧҡѲչԹ - з觪Թҹ
ҹ üҹͧ¸ҹѧѲҵѲ¸ԡѹ. 㹴ҹ˹觹 ѹҧѡ ǹաҹ˹ѹҡ. Ҿѡɳͧٴ, (ice tea), úèѴѹʹ, չ, ҡ, ˭ԧʴ, ʴ, , ôҹѡͧóç㹡âͺçФѵ, èҹǹ, ʧǡ, Էʵ, к֡, ˹ҷҧ, Դҧѧ, 鹡ҧ, ѧԡѹ١Ѳ¸ͧšش
Ѻ ѰԡҧҡҹѰʶҺѹҧҧ¢ͧͧ. Сá ǡʶһ˾ѹѰ ͷ"Ѱԡ"(the United States of America). ءѹ ѹиçѡһȷҳࢵѹҧҧըӹǹЪҡâҴк˹ - ҧ·ش㹡óբͧúèѴСõҴ. 蹤˵ؼŷҷ ҵԫբҴ˭ءСз᤹ҴҷԴѺԡ Ѩغѹ֧Թҧšš 駹ͧҨҡ֡ͧͧ¡Ǣͧôҡѧͧ¹ͧ
㹷ҧç ѰԡҡѧվѧӹҨҡ ءѹٻẺ觴շشǡѺúèѴâͧѰšѧ˹ҷ ٻẺͧѹ Ѻ˹觢ͧ÷ѹѧѰԡӹҨ.
Ѱԡ§ѡɳҤҾѨਡؤҹ ԷԢͧкؤŵҧѺûͧ¡; ѹѧ繤繷ŧ¡ѹͧء¸, Ѳ, Тླմ; ʶҹҾǹѹѹе͡ѹͧءѰ; 件֧§ѹҧТͧþ觾«觡ѹСѹͧѰҧ. աҹ˹ ѹ繤ԧ ѹдѺᵡҧѹͧûѺ¸ԡѹѺ餹ԡѹ㹵Ǣͧǡҡѹͧ
ͺ 10 繵ͧӹǹЪҡ÷ǹ͡Դ㹵ҧ ҧ·ش ǡҵͧäͧл 觵ͧաûѺŢ ١ҹáͧ١ǡ 繵ѹлѺ٧. ôҼʡŢͧ· 觼ǡ繻ЪҪҵѲդվѧͧյ աûѺԡѹҧ觡ҪǴЪû
ѹѺá ջȵҧµѹ͡š. еԹҢͧǡѲ繷Ѱԡ ǡлѺҧ䢵ҧѰԡѺǡиçѡ ѧִԴѺѲͧ. ѹ§Тͧҹ. 㹷·ش ءлѺѲԡѹ ШС繤ҤǡѺѲѹ
ˡ. ¢ͧѲԡѹѧʧš駷ͧ ҧ ѧشʧ кǹ÷¤֧ѹѹ˹ǡѺҧäͧ¸ԡѹ, ѲҡСá͵Ǣ ѧԴ 200 ѧ Ѻѧࡵҧҧҧѹ价š. ˹ҷҧҹշǴҧ㹵Ǣͧѹͧ §ͧͧ͢ùʹ ѧ繤աûѺѴŧ¸(ԡѹ)ҹ, ѧաѴ´ѹͤ
ǧ鹢ͧȵɹ ҡѧ蹷йʹ觵ҧ 2-3 ҧ ҧ蹵ѡ Cyrillic ¾ǡҿ, ŢҺԤ, ԷԹѹäФ¹ кԡҵðҹҡŢͧªҵ. ءѹ˹ҷҧԷʵ šѵ Сúóҡáѧٻҧ¸ҡѹ˹觢 ǢͧѺҧͧ ôҹѡԪҡ÷ Naipaul ¡觹ͧ¸ѡɳҡѹ˹
˹ѧͧͧ͢ "A History of Civilization" Ѻõվ㹻 1963, ѡԪҡêǽ Ferdinand Braudel, ¡¸¢ҴѴǹ ǡѺҷ˹ҷ㹷ҧʵ, ѧ, ɰԨ ʵԻѭ. ¸ҧࢵᴹо鹷ҧͧǡѹ. ¸ͺ鹷ҧԺóҧǡѺҴѴǹͧš. ѧʧ ¸ҧ١¡龺СѹСѹ Шѧ͡ǡѺѲҡ÷ҧҹͧżҹ͡Դ ѹͧҴǧѺŢдѺǡѹ
ҡҾҧʵҡ˹Ѩ¾鹰ҹҧǡѺͧЪҪҵ˹Ѻɵá, ûѵ, üԵ, ҧҹ, üԵͼ, صˡ; ѹ㹡ùҹҵðҹǡѹ з觷ѧԴ鹹ѧԹҧǴǴǢ鹵
70 ա ҧͧջԡѹԹѺ д˵ع ռ駶蹰ҹ㹺dz鹤ҧ ¡áͧԪ ѹͧ˭ҧش. ¡ҧ Houston 㹻Ѩغѹͧ˭ͧ˹ 繾鹷ҹ÷˭شͧš. Ԫ ѧ繷ѹҡࢵ㹷ջ. Ѩغѹѹ§䢴ҹҹ鹷ػóѹѺùʹҧ㹷ջͿԡ. ҳࢵԹᴹ˹ ٹҧкӤǹǺҧǹ繺÷Ѵҹѹ˹. 䢷ͧѺѨ·ҧҵԢͧ, ҧҾҡ, ٧˹дѺӷ, ѷ, س, ١Ŵҷŧҡٹҧࢵͧء
ᵡҧúФسҾ ٻóͧѹ١ҧ䢢ɵá 觵ͧѺҾҡȴ蹡ѹ ѧʹյ. ûԡѹ ѧѴͧѲյҧյ ѧ¡Ѻèչҡ Ъǭ蹷Ѳ ѨغѹաѺзҹѵТѧҡҡ
ͺ 200 ѰԻͻš ѹդ¤֧ѹҡҷᵡҧͧٻẺҧͧѰ. з觪ǧҧʧ Ȥǹʷ¡ѧҿѹкѧصˡ. ءѹ ͡ҡ к¡աѹҵðҹҡ. Ѱҵѹͧ ѹ§ҵðҹҡҹ
ٻóѡͧѧ ҧ кᾷѡɳٹ, ֡ҡѡɳзѹ˹, Фҡ¢ͧͧ͢ŢӾҾǡ¤֧ѹдѺ˹ СѧѹҡԧسҾ. Ѳ, Ÿ Фسҷҧ¸ ·Ƕ١ҵðҹ. ͼ, Ὺ, Ҿѡɳҧ÷ѹ. еҡͧѧ, ¸㴡, ѡǢѺԡҷյɰԨ, , Ъҡ, Է йԷ. ·ش ԭԺⵢͧӹǹЪҡ, آҾ, ֡, ǡѺâµǷҧɰԨ ǹ繻Ѩѡҧ繵ǡ˹çҧҧѧͧѧ
ҹѺȵ Ѻ觢ͧͧ͢ªҵ 繵鹵ѡӤѭͧѧҹ. ͧ͡ӹǹЪҡ ԭͧ͡. ѹѹԭԺҧɰԨԹ ѹѡйҡ, Тҡҡᾧ, ʧ, äµҧ
ѹ繤բͧ Malthus 鹾ͧʹ. Malthus ѧ¹ҹͧͧ "Essay on the Principle of Population" (§ͧѡǡѺЪҡ), ѹ˹觷Ѻêѡ¼ӡüԵ Ŵ鹷عҧҹçҹ 觼ѡªҵþѲǡѺͧѡ зջû١¡ؤͧ÷صˡ. ѹԧ ͪªǡѺʵԻѭҤҴͧѹ˹
÷صˡ١㹷ջûԡ Ǥͺͧҳࢵ;鹷价šҧ. ºҧҹաԷԾѹ˹㹷ء¸. ҧ ѧʧš駷ͧ ҵԹԡѺͺóҡصˡеҴѹ. ѧʧ šؤšѵҧҹصˡ, ҴСԹ. ǹͧŢ ԧ ١šѵҧó
ʶҺѹҧɰԨ ҧ ASEAN, NAFTA, APEC ١Դ оǡѹѧҹѡɳšѵҧͧ. ǡѹ ǹѹ㹼ŻªͧѷҵԵҧšɰԨѧҡ鹡ҷ ФӤѭǡѺ§ҧɰԨѲѧŴŧӴѺ. ¡ҹçҹԴѧ ѨغѹѹҡҧЪҪҵԵҧ. ¡ҧ ¡ҹçҹѺҧºšѨغѹ
ѰԡͧͧժҾ, ǡԷʵúԹ, 㹭դФӹҭ㹴ҹ礷Ԥҧ, ǹû صˡö¹СԹøҤ, 㹻ȵҧͧդͧ, Ҵ, 㹨չ-ͧصˡ俿, Ϳԡ-ͧѵشԺҧ . úèѴѡõҴҧ㹷ءصˡ١ûѺʹͧѹ СùԸաúèѴẺԡѹ 繷ѡѺ·ءѲ¸
ѹԧԵԷҫ仵Ҿʵ, ѧԷɰԨ. ѴਹǷ ԵԷҷաûѺ繡 ѡɳзҧѲѹͧл ѺǡѹԴ蹤˹ ѹ繡кǹ÷ҧѺҡººѺкǹ÷ҧѧ
ĵԡҧѧѹ軡 Ѻá͵Ǣٻҧؤѵʵǹҹ ѡҾҧҡѺʹѺšзҡҡԷԾ¹͡ ͧҡѨµҧҧ ླ, Ѳ, ÷Ѵҹ, ʹ; з駷ҧʵ; Ҿҡ; صˡԨѡ; çҧҧѧ
Francis Fukuyama վҹ˹觷ҧҷ 觪 "Trust" 㹼ŧҹ鹴ѧººĵԡѹҹ Ѳᵡҧѹѧؤѧصˡ. ѧ ѧࡵ ѲͧФѹ繤վĵԡͶйҧ٧ش. ǹѲͧǨչЪԵ¹դͶФҧ㨵ӡҡ. 㹧ҹ鹷ٴ֧ͧèСǶ֧ѲͧҵԹԡѹͿԡѹ. Fukuyama ѧҧҹҡͧᵡҧͧ"ѺûѺ", "ͺлѨਡѺûѺ"ѹѺླʹҵҧͧǡ
¸ͧѹ, ѧᵡҧѹҧԧҧͧѵʵǴ ʴ繼Ѿ¤֧ѹҧһҴ ѧǡѺѴлԹ"÷Ѵҹҧѧؤѧصˡ". ¤֧ѹѹҨ繼Ѿѹ˹觷ҡ͡Ңͧͧ¸ǹ觡е鹵ͤ˹ҷҧҹ Դ㹪ǧ 100 ѧҹ. 駤ҪС÷ͺ¼ҹТŧ¤¤ҡ. óջе٢ͧȵ ʵѺ¸šѵͺǡѹ Шѧ͡ʴҹշкǹ÷ǡѹդǴҡ
ͧ˹"Ѻ֡"¡ٹ͢ MTV ӹǹҡ㹷ءš Ф˹Ǿǡູµ仨ҡ NBA . 餹Ͷ§èҡ CNN ҹ; ¡Ш͡仴ѧ, ѷԡѹ Фշдɰᷧؾá֡ŧҵҧء СǹҨؤ蹹
кǹѹ¡˹ҹ ͧҡâҴ«觤öҧҹ. ҧá ѲԡѹСҶ֧ͧѹ ѧǢͧѹ˹觢ͧԾҡԨó, ѹͺš. ¶ҡ˹ҹ Ҩ繤˹ͧ蹷¹ŧ ѧкǹôѧʺҧó
ͻҳ¡һ ૹͧ㹡ͧм㹻Ъҡâͧš㺹չ¡㹻Ѩغѹ 㹪ǧѹʹյշȹ˹觫繷Ѻѹ ʹҨաҧо鹷ͧѹѺԷʵ. Ҽҹ ȹѹѧѺþ٨繨ԧѡ. ҧá㹷ҧç 餹ѧǧʹҷѡɳԧԺѵҡ. ѧͷҧʹҷ秢, ͷҧʵҧ зȹǤԴѷѹçҷ; ÷ѴҹẺ¹, ¸ҵá÷ҧŸҡäԴҡ հҹе˹觹ѹ˹仵¸ͧ
ҷҹ ѹͧҡҡШṡᵡҧѹҨҡʹ ҧä㹡кǹâͧþѲ. ҧջѨغѹ ѹҨӤѭͨաǷСͤҡӤҭѺǢͧǡͧѹ
ءѹ ʹ㴷§Ѻ¸Ф˹ҷҧ ѺʹʹѺʹع˹ҷҧ´«. ʺóͧҹ㹪ǧ 20 ѧҹ觺¹Ѵਹҡ¹˹ѺСѺ¸Ф˹ҷҧ 觨§ªҹ ѧѹ´. ͧʧ 餹«šѵͧŢõҧǧ֧ʺóѹ蹢ҧµǢͧͧ ӹ֧֧¸ѲѹҨҡ˹
. ҧ Emmanuel Kant ѹɰҹǡѺšͧ ѹдçһҳ 1 ҹ. 200 ѧҡ Kant, Ҷ֧дѺ˹觢ͧʵԻѭҨӹǹҡ §ʺ㹡ʶһآͧšҹ ѹѧ繶֧شŧѧҡ 5 ѹ. ǡö֧ǡѺûзСѹͧ鹷, ÷ҧͧ¸ ͡¹ŧͧѹ˹仡ҷѡ. ѹҧѹդ
Heisenberg! ѵʵʴ ҡҡ÷ӹ·Թҹ, þҡóҭԹ СõѴԹԧѵµҧԹҨҡǧûѭҪ 繷Ѻѹ㹰ҹзԷʵ ѹйѾѹ֧ö. ʵҨ Alsyorth Huntington ֡Ҷ֧šзǡѺǴ㹸ҵԺþѲҢͧ¸˹ 鹷ͺԷ Yale ʶҹ駫դҧԧʵѺþѲ
⪤շʵҨ! Ѻ Samuel Huntington ǡѺͧûзСѹͧ¸(clash of civilizations)ͧ, ѹԧ ҷԹҧѹ˭ǡѺѵʵ¸ͧªҵԵͧõѺѺ
ѧôҹѡԷʵѹ ҴѴǹͧԷʵ㹻Ѩغѹ šöлѺ餹֧˹ҹҧʺҵðҹẺԡѹ ͧҾѹҹ ҵðҹẺ. ҧá ǢҧǡѺ÷ªҵ ö䢻ѭҵҧǾѹѺԭԺⵢͧӹǹЪҡ¼ҹ¸ó(÷ԡѹ- Americanization) ;ǡӹǹҶ֧ ҧ·ش˹ҹ 件֧ͧҾѹҹ ѹ͡ʤ¡ҤӷӹµҧǡѺʧСûзСѹ
David Landes ʴ ͻҳ 250 ͧЪҡõǢͧȷ觤觷شͧš ººѺҡشդᵡҧѹҡѺ 5 1, ûѺչҡѺ 2 1. ءѹ ¢ͧŹººѺҡ㹻Ԥ ʶԵѹѺ 400 1
ͧҡûٻҧҹիҧǴ оѲҡ÷ҧ¸ ûԡ觤ҧŢ. һȷҡӹǹҡѧբ鹵ӴѺ; ҡ¡ѧءҡѺ¾Ѳҧҡ Сûٻҧҹ¸ͧǡѧѧͧ
дѺ ѺúҺҧŧš 駹繼ѹͧҨҡšѵ úóҡ¸ѡɳзǡѹҡ Ѩغѹѹͧ¢ͧŴŧͧͧҧ ͧҧҡҧФ
Ҥ ¸Шդҡ դҡ鹷е㹡ͤ«觵çѹҧ. ѹͧҨҡӵͺ繨ԧ˹ǡѺԷҾͧúèѴ÷лͧȢҴ˭ҧ ҧ , չ, Թⴹ, Թ лҡʶҹ к. ѹͧҨҡҷͷȹԧԺѵѹ˹蹡ѹ; Ե¹ҧ˹㹷ءѹ 㹷ء͡ С ǡһöҷ¡͡ҡͧͧǡҷҧ. شͨҡ仫ѹ˹觢ͧ Quebec ҡ Canada Ҩ⪤ ѹҨԴٻẺͧ Czechoslovakia, Quebec ѹҨաþѲҵ͡ʵҧҡ
ӹ֧֧¸ͧǡ, ˹ǡѧʹ仵Ὺ蹽, ҷҷҧẺٴ, , СäǺ͡ûҡ͡ҵẺѺ ˹ǡѧѡɳҧǡѹҡ. §褹˹ǹѺҹ㹷ءѹͧǡպ, ҹ˭, ءѺ÷¡ʵԡ͢Ѵռ͡, ѹ觹¡êͧ͢ժҾ зûҡǵ㨻öҧ͡٧شդҡ ѹ ?
㹷·ش ͧǡҨ件֧ҵðҹѹѹ˹ ? ͢¡ٹ, MTV, ҹѧ 觵ͧûѺاûҡǢͧǡһʺ ӹ֧֧¸ͧǡҷǡѹҧǴ
ѹͧ÷оٴ֧ Сá͡ Ҩй繻˹觷¡ͧ͡ѹš. Ѩغѹʹ㴷§ͧǡѹͧ¸. ҧá ûШᨧ͡ü١ѹ зԴʹҢ繨ӹǹҡ Ҿҡѧç 蹨˵ء÷ҧǡѺѲ¸ͧªҵ
ç˹觢ͧ Shakespeare Ѻûоѹ㹹§繻Ѫҡ "ǧһСȶ֧ʧѹ˹觡Ѻ ͺǢͧǡҹ ˹ҧź§ҡѹ". , Ҩ鹤͡ʷź§
ѧ Fukuyama ѹ֡ҧ, Ҷ֧ ѵʵش ѵʵ١ѡԸẺ Hegelian صŧ. ѹ繡ö١ͧҡ˹¡觹繪ªѹ˹觢ͧѷԷعԤ ? ҧѹж١ͧҷ¡ѹһѵʵͧªҵԷǹ鹢. ա˹觡 ѹ繡鹢ͧªТͧ¸ԡѹ!
óҹء
Karl Popper " Poverty of the Historicism" Ulaanbaatar. 1996
Joseph Needham "About Archeological Work in Sechuan" Cambridge University 1988
Francis Fukuyama " The End of History and the Last Man", Simon & Shuster. 1993
Zbignew Brzezinski "The Grand Chessboard; American Primacy and its Geostrategic Imperatives" Basic Books. 1997
Alvin Toffler " Future Shock" Random House. 1970
Nathan Gardels. "Interview with Alvin Toffler" Los Angeles Times. 1999
Samuel Huntington. "The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of the World Order". Simon & Shuster. 1996
Mohamad Mahathir "A New Deal for Asia" Pelanduk Publication. 1999
Paul Johnson "A History of the American People". Harper Perennial 1999
V.S. Naipaul " Our Universal Civilization". The 1990
Wriston Lecture, New York Review of Books. 1990
Ferdinand Braudel " A History of Civilization" Penguin Books.
Francis Fukuyama "Trust". Simon & Shuster .1996
David Landes "The Wealth and Poverty of Nations" WW. Norton and Company. 1998
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