Symbols for HTML and Excel use

Escape	Description		token	Excel
&	ampersand	&	&
>	greater than	>	>
&lt;	less than	<	&#60;
&Egrave;	Egrave	È	&#200;	alt+0200
&ntilde;	ntilde	ñ	&#241;	alt+0241
&ouml;	ouml	ö	&#246;	alt+0246
&nbsp;	non breaking space		&#160;	alt+0160
&copy;	copyright sign	©	&#169;	alt+0169
&reg;	registered sign	®	&#174;	alt+0174
&quot;	double quote	"	&#34;	alt+0034
&#8364;	Euro	€	&#8364;	alt+0128
HTML escape sequences are case sensitive

The use of " was accidently dropped from the HTML 3.2 standard but is probably universally accepted -- use " to conform to standard.

Possible Background Colors.  This page is using FFFEF4.    [fffef4]

Symbols coded as &#___; in HTML

Mathematical symbols in HTML see Related at bottom.

Keying Characters into MS Excel

In a macro Ö [umlaut O] :    ActiveCell.Value = Chr(214) on a Worksheet:   =CHAR(214) Copy and Paste: You will have to change the font if it has a different codepage. Excel does not give you control over font codepages. Autocorrect: (tools menu)  i.e.   (c) changes to ©,  (r) to ®,  and (tm) to ™ Use Ctrl+z (undo) to undo unwanted changes

by typing (only works on numeric keypad):   NumLock RtALT+0214 On American keyboards there is no distinction between LtAlt or RtAlt. NumLock is not needed on the macro sheet on my XL95. Character Map: [Start],Program,accessories Find symbols, paste from here or find the keystroke code in the lower right corner, comprised of Alt and 4-digit ASCII number code.  Subset is as close to the font codepage as you will see in Excel.  If you see Unicode by the code then you have been supplied the hexidecimal code.  To find the ASCII code of a single pasted character use CODE(char):     =CODE("A")     yields 65 for "A",   Alt+0065 is "A"     =CHAR(65)       yields "A" for code 65 Here is a button (16x16 pixels) you can install in a menu or on a toolbar in conjunction with the following macro. Sub showCharMap() Dim vCharMap as String 'vCharMap = Shell("C:\Windows\CharMap.exe", 1) vCharMap = Shell("C:\winnt\system32\CharMap.exe", 1) End Sub Chip Pearson has a Symbolizer Addin to access 200 symbols.  (I'd stick with CharMap myself) MS Word has a more direct route to the CharMap using Insert, Symbol.

The Euro currency symbol - euro FAQ on the MS KB.  takes on greater importance as the euro is now in use.  How to obtain fonts and how to key in.  The symbol appears as a large C with two cross bars €, if you see it here properly you have been updated.  WinNT 4.0 SP4 updated my system.  On US keyboards (FAQ footnote) use the numeric keypad Alt+0128 (with or w/o num lock). 

Concerning that the Euro symbol does not appear in the Latin-1 char map with Arial, for instance.  I expect that the WWW3 folks have not approved anything for the reserved Chars 128-159, which correspond with reserved Chars 0-31 (that's 00-1F, and 80-9F)
    START --> Accessories --> Char Map
It is found in the Windows character set six characters after lowercase z.

More Euro information:
http://www.microsoft.com/OpenType/faq/faq12.htm
http://www.microsoft.com/typography/fontpack/default.htm
http://www.microsoft.com/windows/euro.asp
http://www.microsoft.com/typography/news/whatsnew.htm
http://europa.eu.int/euro/html/home5.html?lang=5 The European Commission's Web site on the euro
http://europa.eu.int/euro/html/calendrier5.html?lang=5 -- Euro Timetable, coins & currency Jan 1, 2002.

And if you have updated your Excel look in HELP
F1 (Help) --> answer wizard --> Euro --> Entering, displaying, and printing the euro sign

72° 14' 32" -- Displaying Latitude & Longitude, code as time by dividing degrees by 24 to appear as hours, and format the cell as [h]° mm' ss\"  under Format|Custom where the degree symbol is typed ALT+0176 on the numeric keypad.  For formatting a temperature: #"°F"

Note:  0176 is the degree symbol, 0186 looks similar is actually a superscript zero and is a little larger.

Additional examples of the above decimal conversions can be found on my formula page.

If you need to sort a column of alphabetic characters and numbers in an EBCDIC simulation in Excel see sorting for an abbreviated solution that sorts letters and numbers and equal(=) and minus(-).

Excel has it's own collating sequence for sorting.  Numbers are sorted before text, text is sorted in the following order (upper and lowercase sort equal).  The following table shows the Excel collating sequence for text cells char(32) to Char(127).

39 '

45 -

32

33 !

34 "

35 #

36 $

37 %

38 &

40 (

41 )

42 *

44 ,

46 .

47 /

58 :

59 ;

63 ?

64 @

91 [

92 \

93 ]

94 ^

95 _

43 +

60 <

61 =

62 >

48 0

49 1

50 2

51 3

52 4

53 5

54 6

55 7

56 8

57 9

65 A

66 B

67 C

68 D

69 E

70 F

71 G

72 H

73 I

74 J

75 K

76 L

77 M

78 N

79 O

80 P

81 Q

82 R

83 S

84 T

85 U

86 V

87 W

88 X

89 Y

90 Z

Related Excel Newsgroup articles:  inputting symbols (this article not found 2000-05-29).

See My Excel Pages if you would like to see more of what I have written about MS Excel.

Symbols in Table by their SGML entity names

ISO Latin 1 Character Entity Set

The following public text lists each of the characters specified in the Added Latin 1 entity set, along with its name, syntax for use, and description.  This list is derived from ISO Standard 8879:1986//ENTITIES Added Latin 1//EN. HTML includes the entire entity set.

<!-- (C) International Organization for Standardization 1986
     Permission to copy in any form is granted for use with
     conforming SGML systems and applications as defined in
     ISO 8879, provided this notice is included in all copies.
-->
<!-- Character entity set. Typical invocation:
     <!ENTITY % ISOlat1 PUBLIC
       "ISO 8879-1986//ENTITIES Added Latin 1//EN//HTML">
     %ISOlat1;
-->
<!--    Modified for use in HTML
$Id: ISOlat1.sgml,v 1.2 1994/11/30 23:45:12 connolly Exp $ -->
<!ENTITY AElig  CDATA "&#198;" -- capital AE diphthong (ligature) -->
<!ENTITY Aacute CDATA "&#193;" -- capital A, acute accent -->
<!ENTITY Acirc  CDATA "&#194;" -- capital A, circumflex accent -->
<!ENTITY Agrave CDATA "&#192;" -- capital A, grave accent -->
<!ENTITY Aring  CDATA "&#197;" -- capital A, ring -->
<!ENTITY Atilde CDATA "&#195;" -- capital A, tilde -->
<!ENTITY Auml   CDATA "&#196;" -- capital A, dieresis or umlaut mark -->
<!ENTITY Ccedil CDATA "&#199;" -- capital C, cedilla -->
<!ENTITY ETH    CDATA "&#208;" -- capital Eth, Icelandic -->
<!ENTITY Eacute CDATA "&#201;" -- capital E, acute accent -->
<!ENTITY Ecirc  CDATA "&#202;" -- capital E, circumflex accent -->
<!ENTITY Egrave CDATA "&#200;" -- capital E, grave accent -->
<!ENTITY Euml   CDATA "&#203;" -- capital E, dieresis or umlaut mark -->
<!ENTITY Iacute CDATA "&#205;" -- capital I, acute accent -->
<!ENTITY Icirc  CDATA "&#206;" -- capital I, circumflex accent -->
<!ENTITY Igrave CDATA "&#204;" -- capital I, grave accent -->
<!ENTITY Iuml   CDATA "&#207;" -- capital I, dieresis or umlaut mark -->
<!ENTITY Ntilde CDATA "&#209;" -- capital N, tilde -->
<!ENTITY Oacute CDATA "&#211;" -- capital O, acute accent -->
<!ENTITY Ocirc  CDATA "&#212;" -- capital O, circumflex accent -->
<!ENTITY Ograve CDATA "&#210;" -- capital O, grave accent -->
<!ENTITY Oslash CDATA "&#216;" -- capital O, slash -->
<!ENTITY Otilde CDATA "&#213;" -- capital O, tilde -->
<!ENTITY Ouml   CDATA "&#214;" -- capital O, dieresis or umlaut mark -->
<!ENTITY THORN  CDATA "&#222;" -- capital THORN, Icelandic -->
<!ENTITY Uacute CDATA "&#218;" -- capital U, acute accent -->
<!ENTITY Ucirc  CDATA "&#219;" -- capital U, circumflex accent -->
<!ENTITY Ugrave CDATA "&#217;" -- capital U, grave accent -->
<!ENTITY Uuml   CDATA "&#220;" -- capital U, dieresis or umlaut mark -->
<!ENTITY Yacute CDATA "&#221;" -- capital Y, acute accent -->
<!ENTITY aacute CDATA "&#225;" -- small a, acute accent -->
<!ENTITY acirc  CDATA "&#226;" -- small a, circumflex accent -->
<!ENTITY aelig  CDATA "&#230;" -- small ae diphthong (ligature) -->
<!ENTITY agrave CDATA "&#224;" -- small a, grave accent -->
<!ENTITY aring  CDATA "&#229;" -- small a, ring -->
<!ENTITY atilde CDATA "&#227;" -- small a, tilde -->
<!ENTITY auml   CDATA "&#228;" -- small a, dieresis or umlaut mark -->
<!ENTITY ccedil CDATA "&#231;" -- small c, cedilla -->
<!ENTITY eacute CDATA "&#233;" -- small e, acute accent -->
<!ENTITY ecirc  CDATA "&#234;" -- small e, circumflex accent -->
<!ENTITY egrave CDATA "&#232;" -- small e, grave accent -->
<!ENTITY eth    CDATA "&#240;" -- small eth, Icelandic -->
<!ENTITY euml   CDATA "&#235;" -- small e, dieresis or umlaut mark -->
<!ENTITY iacute CDATA "&#237;" -- small i, acute accent -->
<!ENTITY icirc  CDATA "&#238;" -- small i, circumflex accent -->
<!ENTITY igrave CDATA "&#236;" -- small i, grave accent -->
<!ENTITY iuml   CDATA "&#239;" -- small i, dieresis or umlaut mark -->
<!ENTITY ntilde CDATA "&#241;" -- small n, tilde -->
<!ENTITY oacute CDATA "&#243;" -- small o, acute accent -->
<!ENTITY ocirc  CDATA "&#244;" -- small o, circumflex accent -->
<!ENTITY ograve CDATA "&#242;" -- small o, grave accent -->
<!ENTITY oslash CDATA "&#248;" -- small o, slash -->
<!ENTITY otilde CDATA "&#245;" -- small o, tilde -->
<!ENTITY ouml   CDATA "&#246;" -- small o, dieresis or umlaut mark -->
<!ENTITY szlig  CDATA "&#223;" -- small sharp s, German (sz ligature) -->
<!ENTITY thorn  CDATA "&#254;" -- small thorn, Icelandic -->
<!ENTITY uacute CDATA "&#250;" -- small u, acute accent -->
<!ENTITY ucirc  CDATA "&#251;" -- small u, circumflex accent -->
<!ENTITY ugrave CDATA "&#249;" -- small u, grave accent -->
<!ENTITY uuml   CDATA "&#252;" -- small u, dieresis or umlaut mark -->
<!ENTITY yacute CDATA "&#253;" -- small y, acute accent -->
<!ENTITY yuml   CDATA "&#255;" -- small y, dieresis or umlaut mark -->

EBCDIC

One problem with EBCDIC is that, on different code pages, the same code point might be used for different characters.

Table 1: Examples of National Character Assignments in EBCDIC:
EBCDIC      EBCDIC Character (hexadecimal code point)
Language(s)    Code Page   4A  4F  5A  5B  5F  6A  7B  7C  A1  C0  D0  E0
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
U.S. English     CP037      ¢   |   !   $   ¬   ¦   #  @   ~   {   }   \
U.K. English     CP285      $   |   !   £   ¬   ¦   #  @   ­   {   }   \
Austrian/German  CP273      Ä   !   Ü   $   ^   ö   #  §   ß   ä   ü   Ö
Danish/Norwegian CP277      #   !   ¤   Å   ^   ø   Æ  Ø   ü   æ   å   \
Finnish/Swedish  CP278      §   !   ¤   Å   ^   ö   Ä  Ö   ü   ä   å   É
French           CP297      °   !   §   $   ^   ù   £  à   ¨   é   è   ç
Italian          CP280      °   !   é   $   ^   ò   £  §   ì   à   è   ç
Spanish          CP284      [   |   ]   $   ¬   ñ   Ñ  @   ¨   {   }   \
International    CP500      [   !   ]   $   ^   ¦   #  @   ~   {   }   \
=========================================================================

Punch card codes are included but not the newer characters added to various codepages; and therefore, avoids additional problems related to codepages.  The table includes the characters used in Assembler, COBOL, FORTRAN, PL/I, and REXX as used on mainframes.

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

A

B

C

D

E

F

Pch

Pch

00

NUL (1)

PF

HT

LC

DEL

12

9

10

TM

RES

NL

BS

IL

11

9

20

DS (2)

SOS

FS

BYP

LF

EOB

PRE

10

9

30

PN

RS

UC

EOT

40

SP (3)

¢

.

<

(

+

|

12

50

& (4)

!

$

*

)

;

¬

11

60

- (5)

/

,

%

_

>

?

10

70

:

#

@

'

=

"

80

a

b

c

d

e

f

g

h

i

12

10

90

j

k

l

m

n

o

p

q

r

11

12

A0

s

t

u

v

w

x

y

z

10

11

B0

C0

A

B

C

D

E

F

G

H

I

12

D0

J

K

L

M

N

O

P

Q

R

11

E0

S

T

U

V

W

X

Y

Z

10

F0

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

Pch

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

2-8

3-8

4-8

5-8

6-8

7-8

Warning the punches marked along the right and bottom are over simplified and ONLY apply to cells which are showing a value.  There are MANY exceptions including the following which appear in the chart.  THIS AREA NEEDS A LOT MORE WORK.  ALSO translations to or from ASCII are not consistent or reversible.  Translations depend on your systems.

(1)	NUL	12-0-1-8-9
(2)	DS	11-0-1-8-9
(3)	SP	blank (space), no punches
(4)	&	12
(5)	-	11

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